scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Crumb Rubber Powder and Warm Additives on Moisture Resistance of SMA Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hassan Ziari ◽  
Hassan Divandari ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Seyed Ali Akbar ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Hosseinian
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Water Test ◽  
Warm Additives

Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures are one of the most resistant types of asphalt mixtures known to date that the bulk load is borne by the aggregate skeleton. In this research, the effect of crumb rubber powder (CRP), Vestenamer polymer, and warm additives, including Sasobit, ZycoTherm, and a porous and warm mix asphalt (PAWMA), was investigated on the moisture resistance of SMA mixtures. A segregation test was performed to determine the tendency of the polymer to separate from modified polymer bitumen under storage conditions. Also, a drain down sensitivity test was conducted to explore the bleeding phenomena and drain down of SMA mixtures. Finally, a boiling water test, as well as an indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, was applied to examine the sensitivity of mixtures to moisture. The segregation test results indicated that by the use of Vestenamer polymer, a conventional (low speed) mixer can be used instead of using a high-speed mixer, and this will be very important in the cost of rubber bitumen production. The drain down test results showed that cellulose fibers prevented the bitumen bleeding of SMA mixtures. Also, the results of the boiling water test indicated that CRP samples containing ZycoTherm had the highest moisture resistance compared to the other warm additives. Among various mixtures, 8% CRP-modified samples containing ZycoTherm resulted in the lowest amount of stripping in SMA mixtures, even more than the base sample. The ITS test results illustrated that the use of CRP, Vestenamer polymer, and warm additives had a significant effect on the ITS amounts of mixtures. Moreover, the samples containing ZycoTherm had the highest tensile strength ratio (TSR) compared to the other SMA samples.

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Recycled Asphalt Mixture with Different Proportion of Rubber Powder

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 933-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Ying Niu ◽  
Jun Yong Zhao ◽  
Ru Kai Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Different Content

Through a series of mechanical properties experiment of recycled asphalt mixture composed of waste asphalt mixture 20% and different content of rubber powder, the paper analyzes and compares the elasticity, tensile strength and bending strength of asphalt mixture and recycled asphalt mixture, concluding that recycled asphalt mixture that mixed with crumb rubber content of 20% can completely replace the new asphalt mixture in the application. It has great significance for the future to recycling waste asphalt mixture in the highway.

Abrasion Resistance and High Speed Tensile Strength of Elastomers

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruprecht Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Resonant Vibrations ◽  
Mechanical Rupture

Abstract In earlier communications, we defined abrasion, especially of tires, as a thermal-oxidative process caused at high velocity of mechanical rupture. Other authors (e.g., Schallamach, Boggs, Zapp etc.), with theoretical and experimental tests, prove the importance of viscoelastic behavior as a characteristic property for abrasion. The results of experiments on six elastomers (NR, IR, BR, SBR, IIR, and EPT) compared in tire tread compounds are communicated and discussed in the present work. Tensile strength was determined over a temperature range of 20° to 140° C at deformation speeds of 10 to 20,000 % elongation per second. Forced, non-resonant vibrations were used to determine viscoelastic properties, e.g., resilience, storage modulus, and loss modulus. As abrasion is a consequence of frictional processes, coefficients of friction, dependent on temperature, were measured on dry, wet, and frosty asphalt/fine concrete track. The apparatus is briefly described. From these test results, an empirical relation established between abrasion, friction, viscoelastic properties, tensile strength at high speed and temperature allows one to predetermine the abrasion behavior of a vulcanizate in the laboratory.

scholarly journals Determination of Construction Temperatures of Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen Mixture Based on CRMB Mastic

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Li ◽  
Yuchao Lyu ◽  
Meng Xu ◽  
Liang Fan ◽  
Yuzhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Mineral Powder ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Air Void

Crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) has been widely used in pavement construction and provides an effective way to recycle waste tires and helps alleviate the “black pollution” problem. There are no current specifications regarding the appropriate mixing and compaction temperatures of the CRMB mixture. There is a direct relationship between the mixing and the compaction temperatures of the CRMB mixture and the viscosity of the CRMB mastic. In this study, we first prepared CRMB using crumb rubber powder and penetration grade 70 neat bitumen, then prepared the CRMB mastic using CRMB and fillers (limestone mineral powder and cement). Finally, we used the CRMB mastic and aggregate to make mixture specimens. The best air void of the specimens was subsequently used to demarcate the viscosity of the CRMB mastic, and the construction temperatures (including the mixing temperature and the compaction temperature) were calculated based on the viscosity of the CRMB mastic from the viscosity–temperature curves. Test results indicated that the best viscosity of the CRMB mastic was 2.7 ± 0.2 Pa·s and 3.9 ± 0.3 Pa·s that corresponded to the mixing and compaction temperatures, respectively.

scholarly journals PENGARUH POSISI PENGELASAN DAN JENIS ELEKTRODA E 7016 DAN E 7018 TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK HASIL LAS BAJA KARBON RENDAH TRS 400

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irzal ◽  
syahrul ◽  
Muhammad Fadhil
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Choice ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Welding Steel ◽  
Welding Position

Some of the factors that affect the outcome of the strength of welding, including welding position. Welding position will give different results on the strength of the weld. Type welding electrodes are also greatly affect the characteristics of the weld, on the other hand the type of electrode for welding is often a personal choice regardless welder lasnya strength. The purpose of this study conducted to analyze the best tensile strength of the welding position and the type of electrode E 7016 and E 7018 used to weld steel TRS 400. This study is an experimental research are used to determine the effect of welding position and the type of electrode tensile strength carbon steel TRS 400. Where the test results obtained through direct experiments to test object. Based on this research, welding position which produces the highest tensile strength is a vertical position with the highest average value of 65.52 (kgf / mm²). Types of electrodes that generate the highest tensile strength is the electrode E 7016 with the highest average value of 65.52 (kgf / mm²). Compared with electrodes E 7018 with an average value of 60.26 utmost strength (kgf / mm²). In the vertical welding position with an average value of 60.26 the highest strength (kgf / mm²). Thus the position and type of electrode is best used for welding steel TRS 400 is in a vertical position with the electrode E 7016.Keywords: Position Welding, Type Electrodes, Tensile Strength, and Steel TRS 40

Effect of Degassing Time and Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Porosity of Aluminum 6061 Alloy Using Sand Casting Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wikan Jatimurti ◽  
Boby Alexander ◽  
Alvian Toto Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Aluminum ◽  
Sand Casting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Porosity Level ◽  
Aluminum 6061 Alloy

This research is aimed to get a better understanding on the effort of reducing the porosity level in aluminum alloys. The degassing process (2, 5 and 8 minutes) is done to reduce the hydrogen content in liquid aluminum and cooling rate modifications (13 °C / min, 20 °C / min and 26 °C / min) was performed to reduce the porosity by reducing the size of Dendrite Arm Spacing (DAS). The casting method used in this research is sand casting and raw materials were melted using an electric furnace at 720 °C. The microstructural images showed the DAS size are decreased by size from 137.3 μm to 87.58 μm obtained from cooling rates of 13 °C / min and 26 °C / min respectively. In the other hand, the level of porosity is also decreased from 3.58% at 2 min degassing and the cooling rate of 13 °C / min to 1.8% at 5 min degassing and 26 °C / min cooling rate. Furthermore, the tensile test results show that the value of tensile strength increases when the DAS size and porosity level are smaller. The highest ultimate tensile strength value is 105.9 and the lowest is 70,53 MPa.

scholarly journals High-speed camera test of newly developed igniter’s charges for artillery rounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012129
Author(s):  
A Plachá ◽  
J Recko
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Black Powder ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
The Military

Abstract The article presents the results of the high-speed camera test of newly developed igniter’s charges for artillery rounds. The test was performed to take a closer look at the ignition process of mixtures, that is, to check the time-to-ignition of samples, and to assess the presence and quantity of solid igniting particles (if any). Five compositions were tested: Three of them contained the new igniter’s charges developed by the Military Institute of Armament Technology, and the other two contained black powder in different granularity classes as a comparison mixture. This article presents the collated test results.

scholarly journals Studi eksperimental karakteristik semprotan air pada airblast atomizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Putra Swastika
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Water Test ◽  
Droplet Sizes

Pengujian eksperimental telah dilakukan untuk mengamati karaktristik semprotan air pada airblast atomizer. Atomiser yang diuji merupakan nosel yang digunakan untuk keperluan pembakaran (burner). Untuk atomiser tipe ini cairan dan udara bercampur di dalam nosel sebelum disemprotkan ke lingkungan (ambient air). Air yang digunakan dalam pengujian mewakili bahan bakar pada burner yang sebenarnya, disuplai menggunakan pompa sedangkan udara disuplai menggunakan kompresor. Pengujian dilakukan dengan beberapa variabel, yaitu rasio udara dan air, tekanan injeksi air, dan pengujian pemanasan awal air sebelum bercampur dan disemprotkan ke lingkungan. Pengujian ini merekam gambar evolusi semprotan menggunakan kamera berkecepatan tinggi pada 1000 fps dengan durasi 2 detik dan ukuran gambar 1244x240 pixels. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa variabel-variabel pengujian mempengaruhi karakteristik atomisasi yang terjadi (dimensi spray dan tingkat penguapan). Hasil pengujian juga dijelaskan dalam analisis gambar evolusi semprotan mulai dari kemunculan awal di ujung nosel sampai terbentuk spray yang stabil. Analisis gambar evolusi spray menunjukkan bahwa rasio udara-air yang tinggi menghasilkan sudut semprotan yang kecil, atomisasi yang lebih cepat, dan ukuran droplet yang lebih kecil. Experimental testing has been carried out to observe the characteristics of water spray on the airblast atomizer. The atomiser tested is a nozzle used for burners. For this type of atomiser the liquid and air mix in the nozzle before being sprayed into the environment (ambient air). The water used in the test represents the fuel in the actual burner, it is supplied using a pump while the air is supplied using a compressor. The test is carried out with several variables, namely the ratio of air and water, water injection pressure, and preheating water test before mixing and spraying into the environment. This test records the evolution of the spray using a high-speed camera at 1000 fps with a duration of 2 seconds and images size of 1244x240 pixels. The test results show that the test variables affect the characteristics of the atomisation (spray dimensions and evaporation rate). The test results are also explained in the analysis of spray evolution images starting from the initial appearance at the tip of the nozzle to forming a stable spray. Analysis of spray evolution images shows that high air-water ratios produce smaller spray angles, faster atomization, and smaller droplet sizes.

The Mechanical Properties of Foam Asphalt Mixture

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 1150-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Wen Du ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Shan Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
Indirect Tensile

The mechanical properties of foam asphalt mixture are investigated, including indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture resistance, rutting resistance and fatigue resistance. The test results indicate the 40°C3d curing mehod can stimulate the 30d or 60d natural environment temperature (25°C) curing procedures, which can quickly evaluate the long term ITS of foam asphalt mixture with cement or without cement. Cement can obviously improve the ITS, moisture resistance and fatigue test. The paper recommends proper cement content of foam asphalt mixture should be in between 1.5% to 2.5%.

Mechanical Properties of Crumb Rubber Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 1442-1445
Author(s):  
Jun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flexural Toughness ◽  
Crumb Rubber Concrete ◽  
Rubber Concrete

This paper presents the results of a study on mechanical properties of crumb rubber concrete (CRC). The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural toughness of CRC were investigated. The effect of crumb rubber proportion on the mechanical properties was experimentally analyzed. The test results indicate that the addition of crumb rubber can significantly improve the ductility and flexural toughness of CRC.

Performance evaluation of microsurfacing with rubber powder

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572093076
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Hesami ◽  
Abolfazl Ataollahi ◽  
Vahid Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Control Specimen ◽  
Abrasion Test ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion

With the rapid increase in the number of vehicles, the use of worn tires that are increasing everyday grows environmental problems. On the other hand, one of the fundamental issues for road agencies is the management and maintenance of the roads. The preeminent practice in this area is to carry out preventive maintenance by methods such as using protective asphalt layers by means of microsurfacing. However, there has not been a study regarding microsurfacing with rubber, the mix design, and its field performance indicators. In this study, the performance of microsurfacing mixtures with different amounts of crumb rubber has been investigated under the ISSA A143 requirement set by the International Slurry Surfacing Association. For this purpose, 0.5–3% of crumb rubber with a grain size of maximum 0.33 mm as a replacement of aggregates has been used. The results from wet track abrasion test excess asphalt by loaded wheel test (LWT), multilayer LWT showed that the best performance among different amounts of rubber powder is obtained at the 14% bitumen emulsion and 0.5% crumb rubber, and the use of this amount of crumb rubber reduced the amount of optimum emulsion needed. Moreover, the rutting on the specimen also decreased compared to the control specimen.

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