Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine and its Related Determinants among the General Adult Population in Kuwait

Objective: To determine the acceptance of a potential coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine among the general adult population in Kuwait and assess its determinants. Subjects and Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling adults living in Kuwait (n = 2368; aged ≥21 years). Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine was inferred if participants indicated that they “definitely or probably will accept vaccination against COVID-19 once a vaccine is available.” Associations were explored by applying a modified Poisson regression to estimate and infer adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: In total, 53.1% (1257/2368) of the participants were willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine once available. Male subjects were more willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine than females (58.3% vs. 50.9%, P < 0.001). Subjects who viewed vaccines in general to have health-related risks were less willing to accept vaccination (aPR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.35-0.44). Moreover, participants who previously received an influenza vaccine were more likely to accept a COVID-19 vaccine (aPR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31-1.58). Willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 increased as the self-perceived chances of contracting the infection increased (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, 53.1% of the study participants demonstrated willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19. We found several factors influencing the level of acceptance. Since vaccination appears to be an essential preventive measure that can halt the COVID-19 pandemic, factors relating to low vaccine acceptance need to be urgently addressed by public health strategies.

Download Full-text

An assessment of hand hygiene practices of university students in Vietnam amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A brief report

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.256 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Minh Cuong DUONG ◽

Hong Trang NGUYEN ◽

Bich Thuy DUONG ◽

Minh Thuy VU

Keyword(s):

Hand Hygiene ◽

University Students ◽

Community Education ◽

Preventive Measure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Health Related ◽

Study Participants ◽

Appropriate Practices

Abstract Objectives: Effective handwashing practices help prevent the spread of COVID-19. This study examined the knowledge, frequency, and characteristics of handwashing practices among Vietnamese university students. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on all students enrolling at Phenikaa University in Vietnam. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect information on the participants’ knowledge regarding the effectiveness of handwashing as a COVID-19 preventive measure, the moments for hand hygiene, the most appropriate practices in different situations, and frequency. Results: Among 728 study participants, 460 (63.2%) were from health-related faculties. Almost (97.9%, 713/728) all participants knew that handwashing could protect against the spread of infection, but less than half performed handwashing often in a normal day (47.4%, 345/728), after sneezing or coughing (48.9%, 356/728), and 7.4% (54/728) only washed hands when hands are visibly dirty. Health students used alcohol-based handrub in all situations including those requiring handwashing with water and soap (P<0.05). Conclusions: The levels of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of handwashing among study participants are high, but actual practices of handwashing are suboptimal. It is crucial to improve community education to help reinforce correct hand hygiene behaviors including when to wash hands and which method should be used.

Download Full-text

SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE AND ASSOCIATED SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AMONG ADULTS IN AN URBAN RESETTLEMENT COLONY OF DELHI

10.36106/ijsr/5029269 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 24-27

Author(s):

Varun Singh ◽

Mongjam Meghachandra Singh ◽

Reeta Devi ◽

Suneela Garg ◽

Bratati Banerjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Government Employees ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Change Communication ◽

North East ◽

Collection Data ◽

One Year ◽

Study Participants

Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption poses serious health problems and is considered to be a signicant risk factor for oral, esophageal and pancreatic cancers. Estimation of the magnitude of consumption of SLT would be useful in planning for tobacco control activities in the community. Objectives: The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among adult population and to identify the socioeconomic factors associated with the SLT use among them. Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in an urban resettlement colony of North East Delhi among adult population (>18 years age). A pre-tested interview schedule adapted from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India (GATS India) was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPPS version 25. Results: A total of 440 study participants were enrolled for the study. The overall prevalence of SLT use was 24.5% (95 % CI: 20.6 - 28.8), higher in males (28.7%)(OR 1.75) as compared to females (18.7%), more in graduate or above educated (34.6%)(OR 2.02), and among government employees (48.6%)(OR 4.2)(p<0.05). The prevalence of common forms of SLT consumed were: pan masala with tobacco (15%), gutka (12.3%), zarda (10.5%), khaini (9.3%), and gul (5.2%). The most common reason for initiation of SLT use among the users was found to be seeking enjoyment 46(42.6%). Only 35 (37.6%) current SLT users planned to quit SLT in next one year of the survey. Conclusion: Nearly one fourth of the study subjects used SLT and more among males, education level graduate and above, and Government employees. This highlights the need to plan behavior change communication strategies and counsel them for reduction or cessation of SLT use

Download Full-text

A cross sectional study on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult population in a peri-urban area of West Tripura, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20190934 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 843 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kaushik Tripura ◽

Kaushik Nag ◽

Nabarun Karmakar ◽

Anjan Datta ◽

Partha Bhattacharjee

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Urban Area ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Study Participants ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a major lifestyle disease is undoubtedly the most challenging public health problem of 21st century with a worldwide prevalence of 387 million (8.3%). The objective of this study was to get an estimate of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated factors in a sample of adult population in a peri-urban area of West Tripura.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found among adult population of a peri-urban area (Dukli) of west Tripura from April 2016 to May 2016. Multistage random sampling was followed to include 76 participants. Taking house as a sampling unit, every 5th house was chosen for this study. From every selected house, one adult participant was chosen by simple random sampling until desired sample size was attained. Collected data was compiled and analyzed with the help of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 16.0.). Chi-square, Fischer exact test was applied to find out association.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 42.21±17.65 years, comprised of 23.7% male and 76.3% female. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 17.1% among study participants. Diabetes was found highest in 39-58-year age group (37.5%). Males were more affected with diabetes mellitus (22.2%) compared to females (15.5%). The study also revealed a significant association of diabetes mellitus with family history of diabetes mellitus (p value 0.00).Conclusions: Present study showed very high prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult population. Healthy lifestyle measures might reduce burden of diabetes mellitus which could be evaluated in future research.

Download Full-text

A cross sectional study on alcoholism and its comorbidity patterns among urban adult population in Salem Tamil Nadu

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20192815 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 2861

Author(s):

Dhanasekar Gurupatham ◽

Jeevithan Shanmugam

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Adult Population ◽

Data Entry ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Study Participants ◽

Salem District

Background: Alcohol use is associated with serious public health problems thereby raising the global morbidity and mortality. The main aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of alcoholism and its co morbidity pattern among urban adult population in Salem district, Tamil Nadu.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among urban adult population in Salem district involving 493 participants. Convenient sampling method was used. Informed consent was obtained from each participant and information was collected by using a predesigned structured questionnaire. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for data entry and SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis.Results: It was found from the study that the prevalence of alcoholism was high. Alcohol use in any form was found in 38% of the study participants. 8% of the participants confessed that alcohol is an eye opener to them. 6% of the participants lost their job and 15% of the participants were hospitalised due to alcohol.Conclusions: The study showed higher prevalence of alcohol use among urban adult population in Salem district. Awareness about the ill effects of alcoholism among the population and necessary rehabilitation will help to reduce alcoholism consumption and its related disorders.

Download Full-text

Association of Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Score With Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Iranian Adults

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.735174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽

Ahmad Jayedi ◽

Elaheh Asgari ◽

Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽

Nasim Janbozorgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Education Status ◽

Inflammation Score

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary and lifestyle inflammation score (DLIS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a sample of Iranian adults.Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.Setting: General adult population living in Tehran, Iran.Subjects: We included 827 adult men and women with an age range of 18–59 years who were referred to health centers in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168 items. The DLIS was calculated based on four components, including dietary inflammation score, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and general obesity. Higher DLIS represents a more proinflammatory diet and lifestyle. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the MetS across quartiles of the DLIS was calculated by using logistic regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, energy intake, marital status, education status, and occupation.Results: A total of 827 participants (31% men) were included, with a mean age of 44.7 ± 10.7 years. The prevalence of the MetS was 30.5%. The DLIS ranged between −2.35 and +3.19 (mean ± SD: 0.54 ± 1.09). There was a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS (OR fourthvs.thefirstquartile: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.01–2.45) in the fully adjusted model.Conclusion: Our results showed a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS. The results of the present crosssectional study suggested that having a more proinflammatory lifestyle can be associated with MetS. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.

Download Full-text

A study of socio-demographic profile and pattern of drug use among substance abusers attending mind care de-addiction center in Ahmedabad

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185259 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 286

Author(s):

Bhavesh B. Prajapati ◽

Mihir R. Dedun ◽

Harshdev S. Jalfava ◽

Aparajita A. Shukla

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Drug Use ◽

Substance Abusers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Environmental Aspect ◽

Economic Class ◽

Health Related ◽

Study Participants

Background: Substance abuse has emerged as a global phenomenon and prevalent throughout the world in all the cultures. Abuse of alcoholic beverages and tobacco are endemic in many societies, whilst the abuse of other psychoactive substances is growing concern in India. It has major impact on physical, psychological, social and environmental aspect of life.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out amongst 100 persons attended at Mind Care de-addiction centre, Ahmedabad during the period of 1st January to 28th February 2018 with the help of pretested semi structured questionnaire.Results: Majority of the substance abusers were males (98%) and within the age group of 31 to 45 years (46%). Out of total abusers 28% were graduate and 47% doing skilled work. Majority of study participants were married (47%), belong to joint families (92%) and belongs to socio economic class I and II (50%). Most commonly used drug was alcohol (64%), followed by tobacco (20%), cannabis (12%) and opium (4%). Majority of users started to use it for social reasons (33%) and stress (26%). They got it for the first time from friends in 62% cases and 36% got by themselves. Health related changes were experienced in more than 50% of cases. Out of them, 84% feel improvement after visiting the centre.Conclusions: Drug use pattern is ever changing and has emerged as a global burden as it causes serious public health problems. There is a felt need for the assessment of the evolving trends of substance abuse. And suitable interventions for primary prevention should be considered.

Download Full-text

PTSD prevalence among resident mothers and their offspring in Rwanda 25 years after the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi

BMC Psychology ◽

10.1186/s40359-019-0362-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Celestin Mutuyimana ◽

Vincent Sezibera ◽

Epaphrodite Nsabimana ◽

Lambert Mugabo ◽

Cindi Cassady ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Event ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ptsd Symptoms ◽

Target Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Exposure To Trauma ◽

Ptsd Prevalence

Abstract Background The 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi was a major traumatic event affecting nearly all Rwandans. Significant psychological sequels continue to occur in the population 25 years after, with a high prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) found in women. Three groups are typically designated with regard to the Genocide against the Tutsi: those who were targeted and categorized as genocide “survivors,” those who were in the country during the genocide and were the “non-targeted” group, and those who were outside of the country, referred to as the “1959 returnees.” Each group experienced various traumatic events during and in the aftermath of the genocide. Offspring of the designated groups, currently exhibit symptoms of PTSD disregarding of being born in the years following the genocide. A number of studies have described the prevalence of PTSD in the general adult population. There is a lack of research comparing the prevalence of PTSD in women and their offspring among these three target groups, therefore, this study aimed to bridge the gap. Methods We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study with a sample of 432 mothers and 432 children in three categories: genocide survivors, in country non-targeted and 1959 returnees. Participant ages for children were between 14 to 22 years and for mothers, between the ages of 32 to 87 years. The UCLA-PTSD DSM-5, PTSD Check list-5 and Life events Checklist-5 were translated from English to Kinyarwanda and were used to assess exposure to trauma and the prevalence of PTSD symptoms in Rwandan mothers and their offspring. Results Key Results yield a PTSD rate of 18.8, 6.2, 5.2% within survivors, in country non-targeted, and returnees respectively with an average PTSD rate of 43.8% for parents, and 16.5% for offspring. Conclusion PTSD among the mothers’ groups and their offspring have been found, specifically in the offspring of genocide survivors. Considering these adolescents were not born at the time of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, the results suggest future studies should explore the precipitating factors contributing to the PTSD symptoms within this specific group.

Download Full-text

Associations between different types and sources of dietary fibre intake and depressive symptoms in a general population of adults: a cross-sectional study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520003566 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Yang Xia ◽

Yashu Liu ◽

Shunming Zhang ◽

Qing Zhang ◽

Li Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Adult Population ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Dietary Fibre Intake

Abstract This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between dietary fibre (DF) intake and depressive symptoms in a general adult population in Tianjin, China. A total of 24 306 participants (mean age 41 years; range 18–91 years) were enrolled. DF intake was assessed using a validated self-administered FFQ. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Associations between DF intake and depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Socio-demographic, behavioural, health status and dietary factors were adjusted. In men, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles for total, soluble, vegetable and soya DF, OR for depressive symptoms in the highest were 0·83 (95 % CI 0·69, 0·99), 0·74 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·87), 0·79 (95 % CI 0·65, 0·96) and 0·69 (95 % CI 0·60, 0·81), respectively. In women, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles for vegetable and soya DF, the OR for depressive symptoms in the highest were 0·77 (95 % CI 0·64, 0·93) and 0·82 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·95), respectively. No association was found between total or soluble DF intake and depressive symptoms in women. No association was found between insoluble, cereal, fruit or tuber DF intake and depressive symptoms in men and women. Linear associations between DF intake and depressive symptoms were only detected for soya DF (men, β = –0·148, P < 0·0001; women, β = –0·069, P = 0·04). Results suggest that intake of soluble, vegetable and soya DF was inversely associated with depressive symptoms. These results should be confirmed through prospective and interventional studies.

Download Full-text

Public’s view on myths related to COVID-19: a web-based cross-sectional study in Nepal

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20205496 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Deeependra Prasad Sarraf ◽

Shashi Keswhar ◽

Pramendra Prasad Gupta

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The Social ◽

Social Media Platforms ◽

Study Participants

Background: The global pandemic COVID-19 has created havoc. Various myths prevail among public that hamper them from adopting evidence based preventive measures to minimize the spread of COVID-19 and to seek timely health advice. The aim of the study was to find out the public’s view on myths related to COVID-19 in educated Nepalese population.Methods: A cross-sectional web-based online survey was conducted in educated public in Nepal during May, 2020. A self-designed questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic variables and 21 myths was prepared using Google forms via docs.google.com/forms. The responses were recorded on a 3-point scale (agree, disagree, do not know). The Google form link was sent to the study participants via the social media platforms like Facebook, WhatsApp and Viber. Descriptive statistics mean, frequency and percentage were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 22. Results: Out of 270, 33.7%, 33.3% and 37% participants agreed that eating lemon, turmeric and garlic prevents us from COVID-19 respectively. Thirty seven percent participants believed that spraying bleach or disinfectant into our body will protect us against COVID-19. The overall view of participants toward the myths related to COVID-19 was ‘agree’ (17.3%), ‘disagree’ (59.2%) and ‘don’t know’ (23.5%).Conclusions: Myths regarding COVID-19 prevailed among majority of the participants in this study. There is an urgent need to educate the public regarding various preventive approaches for COVID-19 issues. Media and government agencies have a vital role in creating awareness to adopt evidence-based facts.

Download Full-text