scholarly journals A framework for IoT-enabled environment aware traffic management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Mohamed Fazil Mohamed Firdhous ◽  
B. H. Sudantha ◽  
Naseer Ali Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Cost

Vehicular traffic has increased across all over the world especially in urban areas due to many reasons including the reduction in the cost of vehicles, degradation of the quality of public transport services and increased wealth of people. The traffic congestion created by these vehicles causes many problems. Increased environment pollution is one of the most serious negative effects of traffic congestion. Noxious gases and fine particles emitted by vehicles affect people in different ways depending on their age and present health conditions. Professionals and policy makers have devised schemes for better managing traffic in congested areas. These schemes suffer from many shortcomings including the inability to adapt to dynamic changes of traffic patterns. With the development of technology, new applications like Google maps help drivers to select less congested routes. But, the identification of the best route takes only the present traffic condition on different road segments presently. In this paper the authors propose a system that helps drivers select routes based on the present and expected environment pollution levels at critical points in a given area.

scholarly journals “Traffic Congestion and Speed Delays at Benz Circle, Vijayawada Due to Construction Activities”, A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
B Akhila ◽  
K Sai Krishna ◽  
M Sri Nikhil ◽  
Malathi Narra
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

In urban areas, traffic congestion is a major problem. Heavy traffic flow on National Highways with high speed, when mixed up with local traffic at crossings, traffic congestion is likely to occur. This causes many negative effects like pollution, delay, accidents and improper traffic management at crossings. At Benz circle one of the rotary intersections in Vijayawada, the above problem frequently occurs. To reduce the ill effects, some solution is needed to be provided. So, as a solution- Construction of flyover at this intersection is proposed and accepted as the best alternative or solution for the problem. For this classified volume count survey and analysis is carried out and the capacity of the existing lane is checked. But in the mean-time of construction there might be increase in the traffic congestion and speed delays due to the diversion of routes. 

A Review on the Factors Influencing the Park-and-Ride Traffic Management Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmed Memon ◽  
Napiah Madzlan ◽  
Mir Aftab Hussain Talpur ◽  
Muhammad Rehan Hakro ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmed Chandio
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The City

Park-and-ride is a traffic management method of traffic congestion problem in urban areas. As an extent of total demand management, park-and-ride service (P&R service) has broadly implemented in many countries. P&R service has proven to be progressive in alleviating traffic congestion despite of complication in finding parking spaces in the city centers. The objective of this research is to discuss a model to shift car travelers’ to park-and-ride service (P&R service) and to investigate the factors which influence car travelers’ behavior. This study can support policy makers’ with useful information for future planning and development of park-and-ride service. Research outcomes will support policy-making and provide base for future study on modal choice behavior model for park-and-ride service.

scholarly journals Community detection in large scale congested urban road networks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260201
Author(s):  
Seyed Arman Haghbayan ◽  
Nikolas Geroliminis ◽  
Meisam Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Community Detection ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Urban Networks

Traffic congestion in large urban networks may take different shapes and propagates non-uniformly variations from day to day. Given the fact that congestion on a road segment is spatially correlated to adjacent roads and propagates spatiotemporally with finite speed, it is essential to describe the main pockets of congestion in a city with a small number of clusters. For example, the perimeter control with macroscopic fundamental diagrams is one of the effective traffic management tools. Perimeter control adjusts the inflow to pre-specified regions of a city through signal timing on the border of a region in order to optimize the traffic condition within the region. The precision of macroscopic fundamental diagrams depends on the homogeneity of traffic condition on road segments of the region. Hence, previous studies have defined the boundaries of the region under perimeter control subjected to the regional homogeneity. In this study, a cost-effective method is proposed for the mentioned problem that simultaneously considers homogeneity, contiguity and compactness of clusters and has a shorter computational time. Since it is necessary to control the cost and complexity of perimeter control in terms of the number of traffic signals, sparse parts of the network could be potential candidates for boundaries. Therefore, a community detection method (Infomap) is initially adopted and then those clusters are improved by refining the communities in relation to roads with the highest heterogeneity. The proposed method is applied to Shenzhen, China and San Francisco, USA and the outcomes are compared to previous studies. The results of comparison reveal that the proposed method is as effective as the best previous methods in detecting homogenous communities, but it outperforms them in contiguity. It is worth noting that this is the first method that guarantees the connectedness of clusters, which is a prerequisite of perimeter control.

scholarly journals The Management of Urban Freeway Traffic

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Urban Freeway ◽  
And Control ◽  
Alternate Routes

The advent of computer-controlled electronic freeway surveillance and control systems in the past decade represents a potentially significant new operational tool for traffic engineers in large urban areas. These systems are capable of responding to rapidly changing traffic conditions and in various demonstration projects they have proven useful in maintaining an acceptable level of service for freeway operations, reducing the extent and duration of traffic congestion, minimizing the adverse effects of accidents and other incidents on traffic operations, and reducing accident experience. Surveillance system goals and techniques for achieving these goals are reviewed in this paper with particular emphasis on the problem of managing unexpected capacity-reducing incident situations. Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of detecting incidents from traffic flow data, which is desirable for surveillance purposes because this information can be used to implement control strategies which attempt in real-time to divert some freeway traffic to alternate routes. Some of the operational problems involved with freeway traffic management are discussed, particularly the generation of false alarms by detection algorithms and driver willingness to be diverted to alternate routes.

scholarly journals Accident Management System Based on Vehicular Network for an Intelligent Transportation System in Urban Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusor Rafid Bahar Al-Mayouf ◽  
Omar Adil Mahdi ◽  
Namar A. Taha ◽  
Nor Fadzilah Abdullah ◽  
Suleman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Accident Management ◽  
Planning Algorithm

As cities across the world grow and the mobility of populations increases, there has also been a corresponding increase in the number of vehicles on roads. The result of this has been a proliferation of challenges for authorities with regard to road traffic management. A consequence of this has been congestion of traffic, more accidents, and pollution. Accidents are a still major cause of death, despite the development of sophisticated systems for traffic management and other technologies linked with vehicles. Hence, it is necessary that a common system for accident management is developed. For instance, traffic congestion in most urban areas can be alleviated by the real-time planning of routes. However, the designing of an efficient route planning algorithm to attain a globally optimal vehicle control is still a challenge that needs to be solved, especially when the unique preferences of drivers are considered. The aim of this paper is to establish an accident management system that makes use of vehicular ad hoc networks coupled with systems that employ cellular technology in public transport. This system ensures the possibility of real-time communication among vehicles, ambulances, hospitals, roadside units, and central servers. In addition, the accident management system is able to lessen the amount of time required to alert an ambulance that it is required at an accident scene by using a multihop optimal forwarding algorithm. Moreover, an optimal route planning algorithm (ORPA) is proposed in this system to improve the aggregate spatial use of a road network, at the same time bringing down the travel cost of operating a vehicle. This can reduce the incidence of vehicles being stuck on congested roads. Simulations are performed to evaluate ORPA, and the results are compared with existing algorithms. The evaluation results provided evidence that ORPA outperformed others in terms of average ambulance speed and travelling time. Finally, our system makes it easier for ambulance to quickly make their way through traffic congestion so that the chance of saving lives is increased.

scholarly journals Identify Optimal Traffic Condition and Speed Limit for Hard Shoulder Running Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Fan Ding ◽  
Huachun Tan ◽  
Bin Ran
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Mean Shift ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

Highway system is experiencing increasing traffic congestion with fast-growing number of vehicles in metropolitan areas. Implementing traffic management strategies such as utilizing the hard shoulder as an extra lane could increase highway capacity without extra construction work. This paper presents a method of determining an optimal traffic condition and speed limit of opening hard shoulder. Firstly, the traffic states are clustered using K-Means, mean shift, agglomerative and spectral clustering methods, and the optimal clustering algorithm is selected using indexes including the silhouette score, Davies-Bouldin Index and Caliski-Harabaz Score. The results suggested that the clustering effect of using K-Means method with three categories is optimal. Then, cellular automata model is used to simulate traffic conditions before and after the hard shoulder running strategy is applied. The parameters of the model, including the probabilities of random deceleration, slow start and lane change, are calibrated using real traffic data. Four indicators including the traffic volume, the average speed, the variance of speed, and the travel time of emergency rescue vehicles during traffic accident obtained using the cellular automata model are used to evaluate various hard shoulder running strategies. By using factor analysis and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) methods, the optimal traffic condition and speed limit of opening hard shoulder could be determined. This method could be applied to highway segments of various number of lanes and different speed limits to optimize the hard shoulder running strategy for highway management.

scholarly journals Improving traffic and emergency vehicle clearence at congested intersections using fuzzy inference engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3176
Author(s):  
Aditi Agrawal ◽  
Rajeev Paulus
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Lights

Traffic signals play an important role in controlling and coordinating the traffic movement in cities especially in urban areas. As the traffic is exponentially increasing in cities and the pre-timed traffic light control is insufficient in effective timing of the traffic lights, it leads to poor traffic clearance and ultimately to heavy traffic congestion at intersections. Even the Emergency vehicles like Ambulance and Fire brigade are struck at such intersections and experience a prolonged waiting time. An adaptive and intelligent approach in design of traffic light signals is desirable and this paper contributes in applying fuzzy logic to control traffic signal of single four-way intersection giving priority to the Emergency vehicle clearance. The proposed control system is composed of two parallel controllers to select the appropriate lane for green signal and also to decide the appropriate green light time as per the real time traffic condition. Performance of the proposed system is evaluated by using simulations and comparing with pre-timed control system in changing traffic flow condition. Simulation results show significant improvement over the pre-timed control in terms of traffic clearance and lowering of Emergency vehicle wait time at the intersection especially when traffic intensity is high.

scholarly journals Preliminary Results of Air Pollution Status in Selected Roadsides in Jalingo, Taraba State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Maxwell Obia Kanu ◽  
Terkaa Victor Targema ◽  
Gideon Maumee Abednego
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Acceptable Limit ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Mean Concentration

The rapid increase in vehicular activities in the past two centuries contributes vastly to air pollution levels. In as much as Social interactions and economic growth are well enhanced by vehicular transportation in many developing countries, it is unfortunate that exhausts from vehicles contribute immensely to ambient air quality especially in the urban areas. The concentrations of carbon monoxides (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in selected roadsides in Jalingo have been assessed. Four roads were used as sample locations where the concentration of CO2 and CO were measured using an air quality meter for four weeks. The mean concentration of CO2 and CO obtained were respectively as follows: 542.25 ppm and 7.49 ppm for the roadblock, 540.05 ppm and 5.55 ppm for Hammaruwa way, 598.81 ppm and 17.42 ppm for market road, and 463.80 ppm and 1.08 ppm for Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC) road (control). Based on the acceptable limit of CO2 (600 ppm), the Roadblock road, Hammaruwa way, and the NLC/control road are safe. Only the market road had value that exceeded the acceptable limit, and it may be attributed to high vehicular activities on the roadsides. Therefore, more alternative roads should be constructed in other to minimize traffic congestion and also, the use of nose masks should be encouraged. For the CO, all the sites are safe because they fall within the acceptable level of CO (1-70 ppm).

scholarly journals Authors: Yunhui Zeng ; Wenjuan Hu ; Hongfei Guo ; Shiyue Shen ; Li Huang ; Yiying Lou

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Yunhui Zeng ◽  
Wenjuan Hu ◽  
Hongfei Guo ◽  
Shiyue Shen ◽  
Li Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Focused on the lane occupancy phenomenon, this paper analyzes the roads during two different accidents to the evacuation period. Firstly, according to the statistical data, this paper calculated the correction coefficients under the road traffic condition, and then obtained the actual traffic capacity result at each moment of the road when combining the function model of the actual traffic capacity corrected by the running speed and the road traffic condition. Next the actual traffic capacity results are fitted to the Smooth spline interpolation, and then the actual traffic capacity is further verified by the traffic congestion situation. The actual traffic capacity of the road during the accident to evacuation is summarized as follows: the actual traffic capacity shows a nonlinear trend, that is, ascending-attenuating-recovering and gradually stabilizing. Finally, using Mann-Whitney U test to carry out the difference test on the actual traffic capacity, it is found that there is significant difference between the two groups of data, and the actual traffic capacity of the second case is stronger than that of the first one, and the reasons for the difference are analyzed as follows: the ratio of the steering traffic volume at the downstream intersection is different; this road section includes the community intersection and there are vehicles entering and leaving; meanwhile the speed of each lane is different and there are buildings near the lane. The above conclusions will provide theoretical basis for the traffic management department to correctly guide the vehicle driving, approve the road construction, design the road channelization plan, set the roadside parking space and the non-port-type bus stations.

scholarly journals Causes of traffic congestion in urban areas. Case of Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 01019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Koźlak ◽  
Dagmara Wach
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Business Entities

The dynamic development of urban areas poses increasingly more challenges for the provision of transport services for the population. The concentration of the economic potential and population in the metropolitan areas results in the occurrence of large transport needs, and when these needs are met at the same time, the phenomenon of congestion occurs. The purpose of the article is to research the relationship between various factors contributing to congestion in urban traffic and the level of congestion in Polish cities. The authors have used statistical methods such as correlation and regression analysis. The research has shown that the most statistically significant relationships have occurred in the case of the number of business entities and the number of passenger cars. It can be concluded that the demand side factors are more important in Polish cities than the supply side factors or perhaps the current transport policy is ineffective. When effectively applied, transport policy instruments can play a special role. These instruments can contribute to reducing congestion in various ways, i.e. by implementing various sub-objectives, which include reducing the need to travel, reducing the use of passenger cars, improving the functioning of public transport and use of the infrastructure. The results of this study can be useful for transport policy makers at central, regional and local levels.

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