Abstract P265: Physical Activity is Inversely Associated with Multimorbidity in Men: Results from the Population-Based KORA-Age Augsburg Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine S Autenrieth ◽  
Inge Kirchberger ◽  
Margit Heier ◽  
Anja Zimmermann ◽  
Annette Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Men And Women

Background: The co-occurrence of two or more chronic diseases in one individual, commonly known as multimorbidity, has become a major public health problem among the elderly. Physical activity has proven to be an essential means to mitigate chronic morbidity and disability. Therefore, we hypothesized that physical activity was inversely associated with multimorbidity. Currently, epidemiological studies addressing this research question are lacking. Methods: Using data from 1,007 men and women aged 65–94 years who participated in the population-based KORA-Age project conducted in Augsburg/Germany and two adjacent counties in 2009, thirteen chronic conditions were identified through a standardized telephone interview and a self-administered questionnaire. Physical activity scores were calculated based on the self-reported physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE), comprised of occupational, household and leisure activity items. Sex-specific logistic regression adjusted for age, BMI, education, and nutritional status was applied to determine the relation of the continuous physical activity score and multimorbidity (yes/no). Results: Multimorbidity was prevalent in 62.3% and 68.5% for men and women, respectively. Physical activity (mean PASE score ± SD) was higher in men (125.1 ± 59.2) than in women (112.2 ± 49.2). Among men, the OR for multimorbidity was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.41–0.78) for a 100-unit increase in the PASE score. No significant results could be observed for women (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.73–1.89) (p-value for sex interaction=0.271). Additional analyses of physical activity quartiles showed that the effect among men were mainly observed in the highest quartile versus the lower ones (Figure 1). Conclusion: Our data suggest an inverse association between physical activity and multimorbidity in men, but not in women. Physical activity may counteract the development or progression of chronic diseases in men; further large population-based studies are needed to explore the possible sex-differences.

scholarly journals Trends, Coverage and Influencing Determinants of Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly: A Population-Based National Survey in Spain (2006–2017)

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Silvia Portero de la Cruz ◽  
Jesús Cebrino
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health

Influenza is a significant public health problem and the elderly are at a greater risk of contracting the disease. The vaccination coverage of the elderly is below the Spanish target of 65% for each influenza season. The aims of this study were to report the coverage of influenza vaccination in Spain among the population aged ≥65 years and high-risk groups for suffering chronic diseases, to analyze the time trends from 2006 to 2017 and to identify the factors which affect vaccination coverage. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted including 20,753 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥65 years who had participated in the Spanish National Health Surveys in 2006, 2011/2012, and 2017. Sociodemographic, health-related variables, and influenza vaccination data were used. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with influenza vaccination. Influenza vaccination coverage was 60%. By chronic condition, older people with high cholesterol levels and cancer had the lowest vaccination coverage (62.41% and 60.73%, respectively). This coverage declined from 2006 to 2017 in both groups. Higher influenza vaccination was associated with males, Spanish nationality, normal social support perceived, polypharmacy, worse perceived health, participation in other preventive measures, and increasing age and the number of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Trajectories and Determinants of Physical Activity during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Study of Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals in The Netherlands

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3832
Author(s):  
Amy Hofman ◽  
Marlou A. M. Limpens ◽  
Tosca O. E. de Crom ◽  
Mohammad Arfan Ikram ◽  
Annemarie I. Luik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Health Organization

Physical inactivity is a major public health problem, and there are concerns this might have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to identify distinct trajectories of physical activity over a 6-week period after the first restrictive measures and to explore determinants of these trajectories in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and elderly in the Netherlands (n = 5777). We observed that at least 59% of participants did not meet the World Health Organization recommendations for physical activity. Using latent class trajectory analyses over three time points, we identified five distinct trajectories, including four steady trajectories at different levels (very low, low, medium and high) and one increasing trajectory. Using multinomial logistic regression analyses, we observed that, compared to the ‘steadily high’ trajectory, participants in the ‘steadily very low’ trajectory were more often older, lower educated, reporting poorer physical health, more depressive symptoms, consuming a less healthy diet, smoking, and lower alcohol use, and were less often retired. A similar pattern of determinants was seen for those in the increasing trajectory, albeit with smaller effect sizes. Concluding, we observed low levels of physical activity that generally remained during the pandemic. The determinants we described can help identify groups that require additional preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Unintentional Fall Mortality in China: A Population-Based Age-Period-Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenkun Wang ◽  
Youzhen Hu ◽  
Fang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Unintentional Falls

Background: Unintentional falls seriously threaten the life and health of people in China. This study aimed to assess the long-term trends of mortality from unintentional falls in China and to examine the age-, period-, and cohort-specific effects behind them.Methods: This population-based multiyear cross-sectional study of Chinese people aged 0–84 years was a secondary analysis of the mortality data of fall injuries from 1990 to 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age-standardized mortality rates of unintentional falls by year, sex, and age group were used as the main outcomes and were analyzed within the age-period-cohort framework.Results: Although the crude mortality rates of unintentional falls for men and women showed a significant upward trend, the age-standardized mortality rates for both sexes only increased slightly. The net drift of unintentional fall mortality was 0.13% (95% CI, −0.04 to 0.3%) per year for men and −0.71% (95% CI, −0.96 to −0.46%) per year for women. The local drift values for both sexes increased with age group. Significant age, cohort, and period effects were found behind the mortality trends of the unintentional falls for both sexes in China.Conclusions: Unintentional falls are still a major public health problem that disproportionately threatens the lives of men and women in China. Efforts should be put in place urgently to prevent the growing number of fall-related mortality for men over 40 years old and women over 70 years old. Gains observed in the recent period, relative risks (RRs), and cohort RRs may be related to improved healthcare and better education.

Social Support and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among the Elderly: A Population-Based Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Wendt Böhm ◽  
Grégore Iven Mielke ◽  
Maurício Feijó da Cruz ◽  
Virgílio Viana Ramires ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Population Based Study

Background:Physical inactivity in elderly is a public health problem. The purpose of this study is to describe and test the association between social support and leisure-time physical activity among the elderly.Methods:A cross-sectional, population-based study with 1,285 subjects (60+ years old) living in a city in southern Brazil was carried out in 2014. Physical activity practice was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire [leisure domain: at least 150 minutes per week of walking + moderate physical activity + 2(vigorous physical activity)], while social support was measured using the Physical Activity Social Support Scale.Results:The prevalence of elderly who reached the recommendations of leisure-time physical activity was 18.4%. The elderly persons who had the company of family or friends to walk had a 2.45 times higher prevalence of reaching the recommendations of physical activity in leisure than those who did not. Those who had company of friends to practice moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were 3.23 times more likely to reach physical activity recommendations than their counterparts. The least common social support was the joint practice for walking and for MVPA.Conclusions:Strategies that incentivize family members and friends to provide social support to the elderly for physical activity focusing on joint practice must be encouraged.

scholarly journals Physical activity and perceived barriers among doctors working in King Abdulaziz Hospital, Jeddah, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyad Khateeb ◽  
Turki AlKharji ◽  
Sulafa AlQutub
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Physical inactivity is a major public health problem worldwide, and Saudi Arabia has been identified as one of the countries with the highest prevalence of physical inactivity. This study seeks to determine the physical activity levels and to identify the perceived barriers against physical activity among doctors.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study involving all physicians practicing in King Abdulaziz Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All doctors holding administrative positions during the conduct of the survey were excluded from the study. Systematic random sampling was used to select the doctors. A previously published and validated self-administered questionnaire was used in the study. The results of the study were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.Results: Among the 178 physicians surveyed, more than half (74.6%) reported having regular physical activity. Among the 129 doctors who reported low to high physical activity, 50.0% were in the moderate to high category, meanwhile only 23.7% were in the low category. We found a significant relationship between the level of physical activity and perceived total exercise benefits/barriers (p<0.001), exercise benefits (p-value=0.009), and exercise barriers (p<0.001).Conclusions: Most of the physicians were physically active. However, there is still a need to encourage physicians to improve their physical activity, which would improve their perception of exercise and set them as better role models for physical activity among their patients and the communityz. 

scholarly journals Haematological profile of children with malaria in Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syilvia Jiero ◽  
Ayodhia Pitaloka Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
White Blood Count ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
West Papua

Abstract Background Malaria remains a major public health problem in Indonesian Papua, with children under five years of age being the most affected group. Haematological changes, such as cytopenia that occur during malaria infection have been suggested as potential predictors and can aid in the diagnosis of malaria. This study aimed to assess the haematological alterations associated with malaria infection in children presenting with signs and symptoms of malaria. Methods A retrospective study was performed by collecting data from the medical records of malaria patients at Sorong Regional General Hospital, Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia, both from outpatient and inpatient clinics, from January 2014 until December 2017. The laboratory profile of children suffering from malaria was evaluated. Results One hundred and eighty-two children aged 1 month to 18 years old were enrolled. The subjects were mostly male (112, 61.5%) with a mean age of 6.45 years (SD = 4.3 years). Children below 5 years of age suffered the most from malaria in this study (77, 42.3%). One hundred two subjects (56%) were infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Half of the enrolled subjects (50%) had haemoglobin level (Hb) between 5.1 and 10 gr/dL. A total of 41 children (53.2%) less than 5 years old suffered from P. falciparum infection. In the age group of 5–10 years, there were 34 children (57.6%) who suffered from P. falciparum, and in the age group > 10 years, 27 children (58.7%) suffered from P. falciparum infection. Only 4 subjects (5.2%) in the less than 5 years old age group had mixed malaria infection. Among eight predictors of the haematological profile, there were five predictors that were significantly associated with the diagnostic criteria, namely haemoglobin, haematocrit, leukocytes, platelets and monocytes (p < 0.05). Generally, clinical symptoms are not significantly associated with a malaria diagnosis, and only one variable showed a significant relationship, pale, with a P value of 0.001. Conclusions Children with malaria had changes in some haematological markers, with anaemia, low platelet count, white blood count, and lymphocyte count being the most important predictors of malaria infection in the study area. These markers could be used to raise suspicion of malaria in children living in high endemic areas, such as West Papua.

scholarly journals Fragility Fractures and Imminent Fracture Risk in the Spanish Population: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Maria-José Montoya-García ◽  
Mercè Giner ◽  
Rodrigo Marcos ◽  
David García-Romero ◽  
Francisco-Jesús Olmo-Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Skeletal Site ◽  
Mortality Incidence

Fragility fractures constitute a major public health problem worldwide, causing important high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim was to present the epidemiology of fragility fractures and to assess the imminent risk of a subsequent fracture and mortality. This is a retrospective population-based cohort study (n = 1369) with a fragility fracture. We estimated the incidence rate of index fragility fractures and obtained information on the subsequent fractures and death during a follow-up of up to three years. We assessed the effect of age, sex, and skeletal site of index fracture as independent risk factors of further fractures and mortality. Incidence rate of index fragility fractures was 86.9/10,000 person-years, with highest rates for hip fractures in women aged ≥80 years. The risk of fracture was higher in subjects with a recent fracture (Relative Risk(RR), 1.80; p < 0.01). Higher age was an independent risk factor for further fracture events. Significant excess mortality was found in subjects aged ≥80 years and with a previous hip fracture (hazard ratio, 3.43 and 2.48, respectively). It is the first study in Spain to evaluate the incidence of major osteoporotic fractures, not only of the hip, and the rate of imminent fracture. Our results provide further evidence highlighting the need for early treatment.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ABG PATTERN IN PATIENTS OF COPD WITH OR WITHOUT COR PULMONALE

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Md Shoeb Alam ◽  
Rahul Ranjan ◽  
V N Jha
Keyword(s):  
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cor Pulmonale ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. COR PULMONALE describes the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance or increased pulmonary artery pressure. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, hypercapnia, respiratory acidosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD can cause an increase in right ventricular (RV) after load, which in turn, results in RVfailure leading to COR PULMONALE AIM:The purpose of the study is to compare the ABG pattern in patients of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar. The study was conducted with duration of 2 years. Atotal of 100 patients admitted as a case of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE. The patients were put into two subgroups, COPD with and without COR PULMONALE. RESULT: The mean duration was 10.17 years and 9.20 years respectively in patients with and without COR PULMONALE. There was no statistically signicant difference regarding mean duration of disease (p value =0.304). Mean CAT score was 16.59 ± 6.26 and mean mMRC was 3.19± 0.45 in COPD patients with COR PULMONALE group. Mean CAT score was 14.06 ± 4.46 and mean mMRC was 3.10 ± 0.44 in COPD patients without COR PULMONALE group. We found no signicant difference among these variables between groups. Although COR PULMONALE patients had higher CATscore and mMRC score, the difference was not signicant (p value = >0.05). CONCLUSION:ABG ANALYSIS should be recommended for all patients of COPD with or without COR PULMONALE to assess the degree of hypoxemia, hypercapnea, respiratory acidosis and also, we can identify individuals who need more close monitoring and intensive treatment.

scholarly journals Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating in Androphilic and Gynephilic Men and Women

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Antfolk ◽  
Monica Ålgars ◽  
Linn Holmgård ◽  
Pekka Santtila
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Objectification Theory ◽  
Sexual Competition ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Stress Theory

According to the theory of intra-sexual competition for mates, androphilic individuals (i.e., sexually interested in men) are expected to emphasize their physical appearance, and be less satisfied with their bodies, compared to gynephilic individuals (i.e., sexually interested in women). To test this theory against objectification theory and minority stress theory of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, we measured body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, and body mass index (BMI) in both androphilic and gynephilic men and women in a large population-based sample (N = 8,007). Compared to gynephilic men, androphilic men were more likely to be dissatisfied with their bodies and display disordered eating. Gynephilic women were more dissatisfied with their bodies compared to androphilic women. Women were, on average, also more likely to be dissatisfied with their bodies and display disordered eating compared to men. Theoretical implications of the findings were discussed.

ACE gene and physical activity, blood pressure, and hypertension: a population study in Finland

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 2508-2512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo M. Fuentes ◽  
Markus Perola ◽  
Aulikki Nissinen ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

The study evaluated the association of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE I/D) with self-reported moderate-intensity leisure time physical activity (MILTPA), arterial blood pressure (BP) and history of hypertension (HT). A representative population-based sample of 721 middle-aged adults (358 women) from two areas of Finland was genotyped for the ACE I/D. After exclusion criteria were applied, 455 subjects (288 women) were selected for the analysis. The distribution of the ACE I/D genotypes did not differ significantly among frequent vs. nonfrequent MILTPA groups (χ2 = 2.556; df = 2; P value = 0.279). The main predictors of BP were male gender, age, body mass index, and arterial pulse. Additionally, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption also had a significant main effect on diastolic BP. HT was significantly more frequent in subjects with obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, or lower educational level. As for BP, neither ACE I/D nor MILTPA was associated with HT. The study confirmed recent reports from population-based studies of no association between ACE I/D and physical fitness. The study also confirmed a lack of association between ACE I/D and BP or HT.

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