Aggressive Behaviour Between Territorial Cichlids (Astatotilapia Burtoni) in Relation To Rank and Territorial Stability

Behaviour ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Fernö
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Boundary Disputes ◽  
Astatotilapia Burtoni ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
Strong Competition

AbstractTerritorial mosaics of A. burtoni were studied in the laboratory. A difference in rank between neighbouring territorial fish was usually found, with the male with higher rank exhibiting more offensive behaviour and the opponent resisting more passively. A role asymmetry in boundary disputes was found in both high- and low-intensity aggression. Linear rank orders were formed. High rank was associated with a high aggressive and sexual activity towards non-territorial fish and a high mating succes". Territorial size was larger in superior males. A superior did not, however, generally expand his territory towards an inferior. This could be due to the involvement of escalated aggression with the reduction of territory. Most males of low rank did, however, eventually lose their territories. Establishing and losing territories were correlated with a low level of low-intensity aggression. Escalated fighting seldom occurred in spite of a strong competition for females, and aggression was usually limited to Frontal display and low-intensity aggression. Frontal display also played a key role for de-escalation of physical aggression. A. burtoni seems to follow the strategy "Honest", using a honestly graded display with few escalations.

Gender aspects of aggressive behaviour in adolescence

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Ivashinenko ◽  
Elena Burdelova ◽  
Lyubov Ivashinenko
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
High Level

This article presents the results of a study the purpose of which was research of the factors and patterns of aggression in adolescence. Its results are required to find personas, who need preventive work, and features of the system of preventive measures, depending on the structure of the target audience. In 2016 there were 721 respondents who took part in the study, and 1437 in 2019. The method used in this study is the Buss-Durkee test modified by G. V. Rezapkina (BDHI). Results of the study clearly demonstrate that amongst young people there is a high-level spread of severe irritation, especially among young women. Also, the predominance of such components of aggression as negativity and irritation was noted. According to the results, young women more often get irritated than young men, and on the scale of “negativism”, there is no significant differences. Physical aggression was discovered to be more characteristic for young men.

Sexual Aggressivity and Androgens

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raboch ◽  
H. Černá ◽  
P. Zemek
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽  
Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽  
Sexually Aggressive ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Low Levels

Male sex hormones are ascribed a great importance in the literature from the point of view of sexual activity and aggressive behaviour. Two cases of sexually motivated murder are described, committed by delinquents with low levels of testosterone in plasma: one a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome; the other a man after castration. Even a decreased level of androgens, either primary or secondary, is not an absolute prevention of sexually aggressive behaviour.

scholarly journals The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood: What have we learned in the past century?

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Indirect Aggression ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Agressive Behaviour

Research on human aggression has been a flourishing industry in the 20th century. As the attention shifted from an instinctual paradigm to a drive paradigm and a social learning paradigm, what have we learned on the development of aggressive behaviour during childhood? Are children born with an aggressive instinct or do they have to learn to aggress?This question has deep philosophical roots, but it also has important practical implications. Should interventions prevent children from learning to aggress or should they help children learn to inhibit aggressive reactions? Since most of the 20th century work on the development of aggression was concentrated on adolescents and elementary school age children, there appeared to be an implicit assumption that aggression is learned during these developmental periods. It is argued that to understand the origins of aggressive behaviour and prevent chronic cases of physical aggression we will need to focus on the development of aggressive behaviour during the first few years after birth, and differentiate among forms of aggressive behaviour. The form of agressive behaviour that is generally considered more “serious” or “socially unacceptable” (physical aggression) is clearly ontogenetically antecedent to less “serious” forms of aggressive behaviour, such as verbal aggression or indirect aggression. Furthermore, as a rule the frequency of physical aggression appears to decrease with age. However, infants’ physical aggression has generally not been considered developmentally significant. This is probably because of “the weakness of their limbs” and the apparent lack of “intentionality”. To have a relatively complete description of the life-span developmental trajectories of human aggressive behaviour by the end of the 21st century, we will need to start recruiting pregnant women very soon.

scholarly journals Applying a Modified Version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict Reactive Physical Aggression Between Undergraduate Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
The Impact

The current dissertation applied a modified version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict reactive physical aggression between university students. In addition to examining the primary constructs of the traditional TPB model (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intentions), this dissertation extended the traditional model by also examining the impact of implicit attitudes toward aggression as well as executive functioning in the prediction of reactive physical aggression. Results provided support for the application of the traditional TPB model in the prediction of reactive physical aggression, although implicit attitudes and executive functioning did not significantly contribute to the prediction of aggressive behaviour in this sample. Gaining a better understanding of the predictors of reactive physical aggression between university students may lead to the identification of early intervention strategies for individual aggressors. This may in turn help to prevent the possible escalation of aggressive behaviour and create a safer and less threatening campus environment for all students.

Behaviour of the Koala, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss), in Captivity VI*. Aggression

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Dominance Hierarchies ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Single Motor ◽  
Low Level ◽  
In Captivity

'In a colony of captive koalas, all aggressive behaviour was a variation on the single motor pattern of throwing a foreleg around an opponent and biting. Squabbles (the most common aggressive behaviour) were brief, low level interactions usually arising from the efforts of one koala to climb past or over another. Minor fghts involved only single bites and the combatants stayed in the same place; major ,fights involved multiple bites and changes of position. Dependent young were seldom involved in aggression. Between males. minor fights were essentially intensified squabbles, but major fights involved wrestling and chasing; they were more likely between males unfamiliar with each other, or those already aroused by, e.g., other aggressive interactions. Females became aggressive especially during pregnancy and at the end of lactation. At such times they stood their ground and vocalized at other koalas, especially males, but attacked only if the opponent came within reach. Although the opponent usually withdrew. sometimes a male seemed provoked to attack. Males sometimes attacked females without obvious provocation. Aggression was slightly more common in than outside the breeding season. Competition for females or food, dominance hierarchies, appeasement, and the defence of young were not seen.

Collagen changes and realignment induced by low-level laser therapy and low-intensity ultrasound in the calcaneal tendon

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane T. Wood ◽  
Carlos E. Pinfildi ◽  
Marco A.I. Neves ◽  
Nivaldo A. Parizoto ◽  
Bernardo Hochman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Calcaneal Tendon ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Low Intensity Ultrasound

Biological Anaerobic Treatment for Low-Rank Coal Preparation

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 328-331
Author(s):  
Li Mei Sun ◽  
Jiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Low Rank Coals

The effect of microbiological treatment of low-rank coal with an anaerobic microbial consortium on theirs characteristics and composition has been inwestigated. A large amount of pyrite sulfur is removed and coal ash is decreased with anaerobic conditions in closed flask. After biological treatment of these low-rank coals in a continuously operationg flow reactor without air blowiong and with everyday aeration, coal ash reduction is found to be more significant under conditions of reactor aeration due to activation of facultative microorganisems. In some time, some metals are removed from two kinds of low-rank coals, includiing iron, manganese, potassium, lithium, toxic and trace metals. The exchange of elements between coal and mineral culture medium depends on coal rank. Metal leaching is higher for higher rank coal.

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