Seasonal changes of energy reserves in Bulimulus tenuissimus (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca, Bulimulidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Oliveira Junqueira ◽  
Lidiane Silva ◽  
Jairo Pinheiro ◽  
Elisabeth Cristina de Almeida Bessa ◽  
Liliane Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Energy Substrates ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Energetic Reserves

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of energy substrates in different seasons in Bulimulus tenuissimus. For this evaluation, substrates were collected from the digestive and albumen glands and foot tissues, which were processed to obtain the concentrations of glucose and galactose. There was seasonal variation in energy reserves in both the digestive gland and the foot of Bulimulus tenuissimus, with a tendency to accumulation from spring to winter. There was greater use of energetic reserves in the spring and summer, being the glycogen stored in the digestive gland the first source consumed. In addition, mobilization of reserves of glycogen in the muscle in summer was observed. The reduction of glycogen coincides with the reproductive cycle of the species, and the expenses generated for the processes of mating and gametogenesis was the cause of this reduction. The concentration of galactogen also varied according to the reproductive period. It was suggested that variations in temperature and photoperiod that occur during the year would act as regulatory mechanisms of energy metabolism of B. tenuissimus.

Vitamin D (25-OH) concentrations in hospitalized patients, outpatients and dialysis patients depending on seasonal variation

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Magdalena Maria Ostrowska ◽  
Ewa Szulc-Mysińska ◽  
Dagna Bobilewicz ◽  
Marta Faryna
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Global Health Problem

Vitamin D deficiency, which is a global health problem, may result in numerous diseases, such as rickets in children and osteoporosis and osteomalacia in adults. The occurrence of the above-mentioned disorders is promoted by the wintertime and higher latitudes. The aim of the study was to compare the concentrations of vitamin D (25-OH) in hospitalized patients and outpatients in different seasons of the year (summer and winter), as well as in dialysis patients in December and May. The Roche test for the quantitativedetermination of total vitamin D (25-OH) was used in the study. The range from 30 to 80 ng/ml was accepted as the optimum concentration. In hospitalized patients and outpatients, both in summer and winter mean concentration of vitamin D (25-OH) reached the values below 30 ng/ml in over 80% of the patients. Only in the hospitalized patient group mean concentration of vitamin D (25-OH) in the summer was significantly higher than in the winter (p=0.0016). In the dialysis patients mean concentration of vitamin (25-OH) in May was significantly higher than in December (p=0.0085) and the percent of the results below 30 ng/ml amounted to 96.39% in December and 77.27% in May. In conclusion, the 25(OH)D concentrations in the whole population under study are lower than those recommended and undergo periodical seasonal changes in hospitalized patients.

Effects of Starvation on Structure and Function in the Digestive Gland of the Mussel (Mytilus Edulis L.)

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Thompson ◽  
N. A. Ratcliffe ◽  
B. L. Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Storage Function ◽  
Energy Store ◽  
And Function

During recent years attention has been focused on the morphology of the bivalve digestive gland (Sumner, 1966a, b; Owen, 1970; Pal, 1971,1972) but there is little information concerning its role in the storage of energy reserves. Reid (1969) has suggested that in the horse clam, Tresus capax, digestive gland lipid may serve as an energy store which is depleted when food is scarce. Sastry (1966) and Sastry and Blake (1971) have shown that material stored in the digestive tissue of Aequipecten irradians is transferred to the gonad during gametogenesis and Vassallo (1973) has confirmed the transfer of lipid in Chlamys hericia. The digestive gland of My tilus edulis may also have a storage function and may therefore be involved in the utilisation of reserves during starvation. The present paper deals with seasonal changes in the biochemical composition of the digestive gland of M. edulis, and with changes induced by starvation and temperature stress.

scholarly journals Seasonal fitness parameters and selection indices in the natural population of Drosophila melanogaster Meig.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
E. V. Vakulenko ◽  
E. S. Koptevtsova ◽  
D. S. Grigoryev ◽  
V. Yu. Strashnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Aim. The purpose of investigation was to study the seasonal selection indices and its components in the natural population of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. Methods. The material for the study was the Gaidary-spring and Gaidary-autumn lines, obtained from the natural population of Gaidary in different seasons of the year. Fecundity and mortality/survival rates in the pre-reproductive period of development were studied. Based on these indicators, the selection indices were calculated according to the Crow`s formula. Results. In terms of individual components of fitness, such as egg production of females, the number of adult offspring, embryonic and pupal mortality, the spring and autumn populations of Gaidary did not show significant differences. Selection indices (Itot) in the autumn population of Gaidary were higher than in the spring population: in the embryonic period of development – by 50.4%, in the postembryonic period – by 67.5%. Differences in the intensity of selection are due to the variance of fertility, which was higher in the autumn population. Conclusions. Seasonal changes in the intensity of selection in different periods of ontogenesis are cumulative, which leads to increased selection pressure in the population of Gaidary in the autumn compared to spring. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster Meig., natural population, fecundity, embryonic mortality, pupal mortality, Crow’s indices.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Kaurenoic Acid, a Hypoglycemic Diterpene Present in Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) (Asteraceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisiane Faccio V. Bresciania ◽  
Rosendo Augusto Yunes ◽  
Cristiani Bürger ◽  
Luis Eduardo De Oliveira ◽  
Kauê Leal Bóf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Kaurenoic Acid ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Hypoglycemic Diterpene

We evaluated the variation of the concentration of kaurenoic acid (1), which is a bioactive diterpene, in leaves, flowers, stems and roots from Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) for different seasons using the HRGC/FID method. The results indicated that the concentration of 1 is higher in the roots and stems during the autumn. The pharmacological results suggested that kaurenoic acid is responsible, at least in part, for the hypoglycemic potential detected in this plant.

scholarly journals Seasonal feeding plasticity can facilitate coexistence of dominant omnivores in Neotropical streams

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara P. Neves ◽  
Pavel Kratina ◽  
Rosilene L. Delariva ◽  
J. Iwan Jones ◽  
Clarice B. Fialho
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Diet Overlap ◽  
Isotopic Niche ◽  
Neotropical Streams ◽  
Feeding Plasticity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCoexistence of ecomorphologically similar species in diverse Neotropical ecosystems has been a focus of long-term debate among ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Such coexistence can be promoted by trophic plasticity and seasonal changes in omnivorous feeding. We combined stomach content and stable isotope analyses to determine how seasonal variation in resource availability influences the consumption and assimilation of resources by two syntopic fish species, Psalidodon aff. gymnodontus and P. bifasciatus, in the Lower Iguaçu basin. We also tested the impact of seasonality on trophic niche breadth and diet overlap of these two dominant omnivores. Seasonal changes in resource availability strongly influenced the consumption and assimilation of resources by the two fish species. Both species exhibited high levels of omnivory, characterized by high diversity of allochthonous resources in the wet season. Terrestrial invertebrates were the main component of diet during this season. However, in the dry season, both species reduced their isotopic niches, indicating diet specialization. High diet overlap was observed in both seasons, but the isotopic niche overlap was smaller in the dry season. Substantial reduction in the isotopic niche of P. bifascistus and a shift toward aquatic invertebrates can facilitate coexistence during this season of resource shortage. Feeding plasticity allows omnivorous fish to adjust their trophic niches according to seasonality, promoting the exploitation of different resources during periods of greater resource diversity. This seasonal variation could be an important mechanism that contributes to the resource partitioning and coexistence of dominant omnivores in Neotropical streams.

scholarly journals Natural Productivity, Morphometrics and Seasonal Distribution of Caulerva Racemosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Tengku Said Raza’i ◽  
Viktor Amrifo ◽  
Imam Pangestiansyah Putra ◽  
Try Febrianto ◽  
Aidil Fadhli Ilhamdy
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Stolon Length ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Natural Productivity

Caulerva racemosa seaweed is a superior commodity with both ecological and socio-economical benefits. It is technologically developed into different products which include antioxidants, antibiotics, medicinal ingredients, cosmetics as well as other organic products and also used conventionally as food ingredients for human’s consumption. Meanwhile, the presence of C. racemosa is observed to decrease as the exploitation rate is one of the factors affecting its stock in the nature. Changes in environmental conditions contribute majorly to its availability in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, natural factors in the form of seasonal changes that cause fluctuations in water dynamics are the main focus affecting its lifespan. The results showed that C. racemosa growth parameters, which include percentage cover, productivity, together with morphometrics, failed to be significantly affected by seasonal changes. Meanwhile, the highest percentage cover was found during the northern monsoon, which has an average value of 37.99 ± 7.67 (Average±STDEV), while the lowest was during the eastern monsoons with 28.03 ± 9.09 respectively. The best morphometric size was during the northern monsoon with a tallus dimension of 0.25 with an average of 0.201 ± 0.03 and length of 0.825 ± 0.16, a stolon length of 2.09 with an average of 1.95 ± 0.08, 9 stolon grains with an average of 8 ± 0.2. However, the grain diameter, as well as the biomass, was 0.85 gr and 0.054 gr with an average of 0.825 ± 0.22 gr and the grain biomass was with an average of 0.040 ± 0.01 and 0.041 gr with the best average stolon was 0.031 ± 0.01 g in the western season. The results showed that C. racemosa, which grows up in different seasons, having its highest productivity during the northern season and the lowest one was during the eastern season with an average value of 0.439 ± 0.36 kg/m2 as well as 0.326 ± 0.37 Kg/m2, respectively

scholarly journals CEREBRAL ENERGY METABOLISM IN YOUNG PEOPLE DURING ADAPTATION TO THE CONDITIONS OF THE ARCTIC REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
N Anikina ◽  
A Gribanov ◽  
I Kozhevnikova ◽  
M Pankov ◽  
S Bagretsov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Young People ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽  
The Arctic Region

Aim. The article deals with determining the features of cerebral energy metabolism in young people at different stages of adaptation in the Arctic region. Materials and methods. The level of permanent brain direct current potentials (DCP) was measured in 146 young people: 93 born and permanently living in the Arctic region and 53 migrants living in new climatic conditions for the first months. The study was conducted by using a “Neuro-KM” 12-channel hardware-software complex for the topographic mapping of brain electrical activity. DCP were recorded in the unipolar leads according to the 10-20 international system. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out with the software package SPSS-20 for Windows. Results. In young people permanently living in the Arctic region, we revealed functional asymmetry of the brain with right-hemisphere dominance in almost all leads. In migrants living in the climatic conditions of the Arctic region for the first months, we established high values of energy consumption and partial asymmetry of cerebral energy metabolism. Conclusion. Body functioning in the usual habitat is characterized by a stereotypical set of regulatory mechanisms. During adaptation, new ways of responding to changes in the environment are formed. The dominance of the right or left hemisphere occurs depending on the type of tasks. The analysis of interhemispheric asymmetry of energy consumption performed by using the method of brain mapping allows assessing the degree of dominance. The dominance of energy consumption in the left hemisphere may indicate a possible failure of adaptation mechanisms. Positive interhemispheric gradients indicate the correct performance of CNS regulatory mechanisms during adaptation to new environmental conditions

scholarly journals Influence of seasonal changes on the karyotype stability of Ukrainian Black and White dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
N. Y. Temekh ◽  
L. F. Starodub
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Karyotype Stability

Of the total dairy cattle, 49 % belong to the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Animals are demanding to the conditions of detention, so the aim of the study was to study the impact of seasonal changes in the environment on the stability of the karyotype of cows of three age groups (first-born, adult and cows 8–10 years). The variability of the karyotype of the studied animals in different seasons of the year was manifested in the form of quantitative and structural disorders of chromosomes. Of the total dairy cattle, 49 % belong to the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Animals are demanding to the conditions of detention, so the aim of the study was to study the impact of seasonal changes in the environment on the stability of the karyotype of cows of three age groups (first-born, adult and cows 8–10 years). The variability of the karyotype of the studied animals in different seasons of the year was manifested in the form of quantitative and structural disorders of chromosomes. In primiparous women, the most pronounced genomic variability (aneuploidy) was observed in summer and winter and was 16.4 % and 8.8 %. In summer, this variability was more than twice the limit of spontaneous chromosomal variability. The highest percentage of structural chromosome abnormalities (chromosomal breaks) in cows of three age groups was observed in winter and was 2.5 %, 2.8 %, 3.0 %, respectively, and did not exceed the limit of spontaneous mutagenesis characteristic of cattle. An increased proportion of lymphocytes with a micronucleus in first-borns and cows aged 8–10 years (5.6 ‰, 6.4 ‰, respectively) was observed in the summer. The increased proportion of dinuclear lymphocytes appeared in the first-born in the summer season and amounted to 7.6 ‰ (at P > 0.99), and in cows 8–10 years, this variability in the summer season was 6.2 ‰, in winter – 6.7 ‰ with a statistically significant difference (P > 0.95) between the spontaneous level of cytogenetic variability. The association between karyotype stability of the studied animals and seasonal environmental factors was determined using a correlation coefficient (r). A significant positive correlation was found between aneuploidy and air temperature in primiparous and cows aged 8–10 years, relative humidity, precipitation and wind strength and chromosomal gaps in primiparous and adult cows, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and asynchronous divergence. in adult cows and cows aged 8–10 years. A positive reliable associative dependence of the appearance of micronucleus lymphocytes and dinuclear lymphocytes on the amount of precipitation and wind strength in this area in primiparous and adult cows was established.

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