scholarly journals Women/Warriors: Dual Images in Modern Thai Literature

MANUSYA ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Suvanna Kriengkraipetch

This paper aims at studying the image of women in modern Thai literature, with emphasis on analyses of the image of woman and the image of warrior. The main concept is that the two images, which seem contradictory, have usually appeared together in Thai literature in the past as well as today. One image is oftentimes obvious while the other is underlying. Women in Thai literature is, thus, present dual images, while the image of the ideal women emphasizes womanhood which is inferior in status to manhood in all respects.

2008 ◽  
pp. 147-174
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Volodymyrovych Shevchenko

It is well known that all peoples, without exception, have for centuries formed their own ideas about the world, the cosmos, man, his otherworldly and other dimensions. Associated with factors of different vital values, they accumulate the energy of an ethno-national spirit, attest to the reflections of an individual, as well as the tribe, nation, nation over the ideal aspirations that are usually united around consecrated, close and native ethnic groups. On the other hand, being a subject of admiration and reflection, holiness and inspiration, sacred importance inevitably influences the formation of the culture and art of a particular ethnic group, its life and behavior, aptitude and character, and thus determine the originality of its thinking, worldview and experience. To put it another way, for centuries and still largely, despite the loss of the world of theocentricity as a determining factor in civilizational development, religious imperatives acted and acted as the axis of history, one of the fundamental principles with which humanity binds the past and now comprehends the future. "Every nation," Gustave LeBon notes in his work, "Psychology of Nations and Masses," has a mental structure as stable as its anatomical features, and it is from him that his feelings, his thoughts, his institutions, his beliefs and his art »


1938 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Leo J. Breuckner

In this discussion I wish to differentiate between two aspects of the content of the arithmetic curriculum. One aspect may be designated as social arithmetic, which includes those learning experiences whose primary purpose it is to help the pupils to understand the functions and applications of numbers in the affairs of their daily lives and in activities of the community. In these activities the emphasis is on adding meaning and significance to is on adding meaning and significance to experience rather than on teaching pupils how to manipulate number processes. The other aspect of arithmetic may be designated as computational arithmetic. In this work the primary purpose is to present the number facts and processes in a systematic way for the purpose of developing skill in computation and number manipulation. In the ideal program these two aspects of arithmetic, the social and the computational, should supplement each other. However, it is commonly recognized today that in the past the tendency has clearly been to over-emphasize the formal computational aspect of the subject and to place relatively little stress on the social-informational functions of the subject.


Author(s):  
I.V. Romanovskaya

On the material of the poem “Aniara” by the Swedish writer, Nobel laureate H. Martinson, the problem of the motif of light and its connection with the plot, figurative, space-time and ideological plans of the work is developed. The poem is characterized by extraordinary unity created due to the interweaving of two motifs - light and darkness, each of which is semantic and participates in the “framing” of the text both at the plot level and the semantic one. The motif of light is the most important component of the poem which reveals the main theme and the problem of the work, conveys the writer`s worldview and participates in the figurative expression of the author`s intention. The motif is associated with the problems of human existence and understanding of the moral meaning of life. The article reveals that light has both a positive and a negative semantic: on the one hand, it symbolizes utopian hopes for the future and idyllic ideas about the past (light as a symbol of the search for the ideal), on the other hand, human evil (light as a symbol of the destructive force of fire). This motif plays a key role in creating a holistic “light” space - the planet Dorisburg and a generalized image of a person turned out to be unable to preserve “the temple of light and kindness”.


Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).


Author(s):  
Prakash Rao

Image shifts in out-of-focus dark field images have been used in the past to determine, for example, epitaxial relationships in thin films. A recent extension of the use of dark field image shifts has been to out-of-focus images in conjunction with stereoviewing to produce an artificial stereo image effect. The technique, called through-focus dark field electron microscopy or 2-1/2D microscopy, basically involves obtaining two beam-tilted dark field images such that one is slightly over-focus and the other slightly under-focus, followed by examination of the two images through a conventional stereoviewer. The elevation differences so produced are usually unrelated to object positions in the thin foil and no specimen tilting is required.In order to produce this artificial stereo effect for the purpose of phase separation and identification, it is first necessary to select a region of the diffraction pattern containing more than just one discrete spot, with the objective aperture.


Author(s):  
Milen Dimov

The present study traces the dynamics of personal characteristics in youth and the manifested neurotic symptoms in the training process. These facts are the reason for the low levels of school results in the context of the existing theoretical statements of the problem and the empirical research conducted among the trained teenagers. We suggest that the indicators of neurotic symptomatology in youth – aggression, anxiety, and neuroticism, are the most demonstrated, compared to the other studied indicators of neurotic symptomatology. Studies have proved that there is a difference in the act of neurotic symptoms when tested in different situations, both in terms of expression and content. At the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms, more demonstrated in some aspects of aggressiveness, while at the end of school year, psychotism is more demonstrated. The presented summarized results indicate that at the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms are strongly associated with aggression. There is a tendency towards a lower level of social responsiveness, both in the self-assessment of real behavior and in the ideal “I”-image of students in the last year of their studies. The neurotic symptomatology, more demonstrated due to specific conditions in the life of young people and in relation to the characteristics of age.


2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Alexander Carpenter

This paper explores Arnold Schoenberg’s curious ambivalence towards Haydn. Schoenberg recognized Haydn as an important figure in the German serious music tradition, but never closely examined or clearly articulated Haydn’s influence and import on his own musical style and ethos, as he did with many other major composers. This paper argues that Schoenberg failed to explicitly recognize Haydn as a major influence because he saw Haydn as he saw himself, namely as a somewhat ungainly, paradoxical figure, with one foot in the past and one in the future. In his voluminous writings on music, Haydn is mentioned by Schoenberg far less frequently than Bach, Mozart, or Beethoven, and his music appears rarely as examples in Schoenberg’s theoretical texts. When Schoenberg does talk about Haydn’s music, he invokes — with tacit negativity — its accessibility, counterpoising it with more recondite music, such as Beethoven’s, or his own. On the other hand, Schoenberg also praises Haydn for his complex, irregular phrasing and harmonic exploration. Haydn thus appears in Schoenberg’s writings as a figure invested with ambivalence: a key member of the First Viennese triumvirate, but at the same time he is curiously phantasmal, and is accorded a peripheral place in Schoenberg’s version of the canon and his own musical genealogy.


Author(s):  
Gerald Gaus

This book lays out a vision for how we should theorize about justice in a diverse society. It shows how free and equal people, faced with intractable struggles and irreconcilable conflicts, might share a common moral life shaped by a just framework. The book argues that if we are to take diversity seriously and if moral inquiry is sincere about shaping the world, then the pursuit of idealized and perfect theories of justice—essentially, the entire production of theories of justice that has dominated political philosophy for the past forty years—needs to change. Drawing on recent work in social science and philosophy, the book points to an important paradox: only those in a heterogeneous society—with its various religious, moral, and political perspectives—have a reasonable hope of understanding what an ideally just society would be like. However, due to its very nature, this world could never be collectively devoted to any single ideal. The book defends the moral constitution of this pluralistic, open society, where the very clash and disagreement of ideals spurs all to better understand what their personal ideals of justice happen to be. Presenting an original framework for how we should think about morality, this book rigorously analyzes a theory of ideal justice more suitable for contemporary times.


1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Musyarofah

The relationship between Islam and state raises a controversy that includes two main groups;formalists and substantialists. Both of them intend to achieve a good social condition which is inaccordance with Islamic politics. The ideal form of good society to be achieved is principallydescribed in the main source of Islamic law, Al Qur’an and As Sunnah, as follows. A form of goodsociety should supprot equality and justice, egalitarianism, and democracy in its social community.The next problem is what the needed methods and instruments to achieve the ideal Islamic politicsare. In this case, the debate on the formalization and substance of Islamic teaching is related to therunning formal political institution.Each group claims itself to be the most representative to the ideal Islam that often leads to anescalating conflict. On the other hand thr arguments of both groups does not reach the wholeMuslims. As a result, the discourse of Islam and state seems to be elitist and political. As a result,Both groups suspect each other each other and try to utilize the controversy on the relationshipbetween Islam and state to get their own benefit which has no relation with the actualization ofIslamic teaching.


2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempe Ronald Hope

Countries with positive per capita real growth are characterised by positive national savings—including government savings, increases in government investment, and strong increases in private savings and investment. On the other hand, countries with negative per capita real growth tend to be characterised by declines in savings and investment. During the past several decades, Kenya’s emerging economy has undergone many changes and economic performance has been epitomised by periods of stability, decline, or unevenness. This article discusses and analyses the record of economic performance and public finance in Kenya during the period 1960‒2010, as well as policies and other factors that have influenced that record in this emerging economy. 


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