Comparative analysis of the chondrocranium and hyobranchial skeleton of bromeliad arboreal frog larvae of the genus Phyllodytes Wagler, 1830 (Anura, Hylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4895 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
PATRÍCIA SOUZA DA MOTA ◽  
MARIANNA ISABELLA ROSA RODRIGUES DE OLIV ◽  
MARCELO FELGUEIRAS NAPOLI ◽  
LUIZ NORBERTO WEBER
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Common Features

The genus Phyllodytes comprises 15 species, ten of them having their tadpole external morphology described in the literature. However, there are few descriptive studies on chondrocranium and hyobranchial skeleton. In this work, we describe the chondrocranium and hyobranchial skeleton of Phyllodytes larvae and discuss shared features and interspecific variation. Our findings suggest that the skeletal morphology is mostly conserved in the genus, with common features including a single suprarostral cartilage, short infrarostral cartilages, and overall short trabecular horns. Main intrageneric variations include the arrangement of the ascending process, the presence of larval otic process, and the configuration of the crista parotica. These variations are not correlated with the phylogenetic structure of the genus. Some distinctive aspects of P. praeceptor and P. gyrinaethes are also described in tadpoles of Osteopilus ocellatus, and could be related to oophagous habits in these tadpoles. 

scholarly journals Where and Why Modeling Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Francesco Liguori ◽  
Susanna Amadio ◽  
Cinzia Volonté
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Neuroinflammatory Disease ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Over the years, researchers have leveraged a host of different in vivo models in order to dissect amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory disease that is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation and is multigenic, multifactorial and non-cell autonomous. These models include both vertebrates and invertebrates such as yeast, worms, flies, zebrafish, mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs and, more recently, non-human primates. Despite their obvious differences and peculiarities, only the concurrent and comparative analysis of these various systems will allow the untangling of the causes and mechanisms of ALS for finally obtaining new efficacious therapeutics. However, harnessing these powerful organisms poses numerous challenges. In this context, we present here an updated and comprehensive review of how eukaryotic unicellular and multicellular organisms that reproduce a few of the main clinical features of the disease have helped in ALS research to dissect the pathological pathways of the disease insurgence and progression. We describe common features as well as discrepancies among these models, highlighting new insights and emerging roles for experimental organisms in ALS.

Continuity and Peculiarities in Proto-Kazakh and Ancient Indian Early Religious Beliefs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (121) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Zatov Zatov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Concept Of God ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

A comparative study of the mythological picture of the world, early forms of religion allows us to identify common features characteristic of the worldview and spiritual guidelines of mankind as a whole. These features can be traced in archaic ideas about the structure of the universe, in understanding their spiritual and bodily essence, the infinity of God and the eternity of the soul, the relationship and interdependence of life forms in the world. This allows us to assert the thesis of the unity of mankind in its spiritual origins, despite racial and ethnic diversity. In the process of a comparative analysis of mythology, early forms of religion, the concept of God, the pantheon and the function of the gods, similar moments and ethnological specifics of understanding the essence of the soul and reincarnation in totemistic beliefs, in cosmological and theogonistic concepts are revealed.The author also analyzes the role and significance of the cult of ancestors, traces the evolution of the idea of proto-monotism (the creative function of Tengri and Brahma, the intention of henotheistic faith) and its place in religious knowledge.

scholarly journals Miloš Zeman and Andrzej Duda – reinventing image for election campaign purposes

Bohemistyka ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Rusin Dybalska ◽  
Agnieszka Budzyńska-Daca ◽  
Tomasz Rawski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Image Communication ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cultural Sphere

The aim of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of selected elements of strategies for building political image of Miloš Zeman and Andrzej Duda, applied in the presidential campaign in Poland and Czechia in 2013 and 2015. The paper presents not only basic information about both campaigns, but primarily points to a number of common features, such as main motifs (history, family, the future), the target group and its image, communication channels, all used in both strategies for communicating with voters, despite different PR and cultural sphere of application.

Dialogi or Analekta? How the Work of Confucius Was Translated

Tekstualia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (65) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Szymon Grzybowski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Common

The article examines the differences between and the common features of the Polish translations of Analects by Confucius. A comparative analysis of the syntax and the lexis helps to illuminate the strategies used by the translators and to answer the question as to how the approach to translating a philosophical work affects its reception.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the usage of Angular2 and Ember.js frameworks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Jan Palak ◽  
Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Security Mechanism ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Media Services ◽  
Characteristic Features

The focus of this article is the comparative analysis of the usage of the Angular2 and Ember.js frameworks. The requirement for tests of these frameworks has been developed though special web applications. The analysis was performed with the following comparative criteria: the speed of the website generation, presentation of large amount of data, media services, security mechanism, documentation availability, different data format handling, and integration with social media. Also, this paper aims to present common features and differences between the two frameworks regarding their characteristic features.

scholarly journals Post-nonclassical science, modern design and the idea of sociocultural interactions’ synchronicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 15004
Author(s):  
Marina Plotnikova ◽  
Elena Polozhenkova ◽  
Daria Burmenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Modern Design ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Sociocultural Interactions

This article is devoted to the science place problem study in culture, its relationship with other sociocultural phenomena. The purpose of the article is to identify the post-non-classical science relationship specifics with such a phenomenon of modern culture as design. The identification of this specificity can serve as an argument that testifies to the rootedness of post-non-classical science in modern culture. To achieve this goal, the authors set the following tasks: 1) analysis of the science sociocultural determination levels and types; 2) the disclosure of the post-non-classical science and modern design features; 3) the identification of the correlation between them. The authors proceed from the idea of synchronism or parallelism as a form of interaction of sociocultural phenomena and processes. A comparative analysis of the post-non-classical science and modern design main characteristics reveals their common features. The authors associate the existence of these correlations with the sociocultural, worldview influence of postmodernism. The obtained result confirms the idea of the post-non-classical science rootedness in modern culture.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of the expressions of giving and receiving in the tatar and japanese languages

2021 ◽  
pp. e021040
Author(s):  
Venera Nafikovna Khisamova ◽  
Alina Airatovna Khaliullina ◽  
Rafik Rashitovich Magdeev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Modal Verb ◽  
Agglutinative Languages ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

Comparing two languages may lead to the results, which would help to understand both of the languages being under the analysis deeper, and it may be helpful to see the language from a new side. The results which are achieved by the comparative method, showing common features of the languages being compared, make the process of studying a foreign language easier. As the Tatar speaking audience does not commonly study Japanese language, studying it through the mother language may make the process of studying and acquisition less difficult. Being the representatives of agglutinative languages, the Tatar and the Japanese have common features that have to be studied by the comparative linguistics. This article deals with the constructions, which consist of verbal adverb and modal verb in Tatar and Japanese languages whose meaning is to give/to receive. Such constructions are analyzed and compared in terms of their grammatical form, semantics and considered through the lens of cultural linguistics.

scholarly journals Nectar Guide Patterns on Developmentally Homologous Regions of the Subtribe Ligeriinae (Gesneriaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Chun Hsu ◽  
Yan-Fu Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Homologous Region ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Histological Image ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Nectar Guide

Homology is a crucial concept that should be considered while conducting a comparative analysis between organisms. In particular, in the subtribe Ligeriinae, the nectar guide pattern is associated with high diversity in petal shapes and sizes. This largely limits researchers to exclusively examining the interspecific variation in nectar guide patterns on the developmentally homologous region. Thus, to solve this problem, we proposed an approach for defining a homologous region of interest (ROI) that aligns the petal image between specimens based on petal contours and vasculatures. We identified petal contours and vasculatures from the fresh petal image and its histological image through image processing. The homologous ROI was subsequently obtained by applying geometric transformation to the contour and vasculature. The qualification and quantification of nectar guide patterns were subsequently performed based on the homologous ROI. Four patterning modes, namely vascular, random, distal, and proximal, were defined for the qualitative analysis of nectar guide patterns. In the quantitative analysis, principal component (PC) analysis was applied to homologous ROIs, and the PC score of each specimen served as the trait values of nectar guide patterns. The results of the two analyses coincided, and both showed significant associations between nectar guide patterns and pollination types. The proximal mode (corresponding to PC1) and distal mode (corresponding to PC2) together showed the strongest association with pollination types. Species exhibiting the hummingbird and bee pollination types tended to recruit the distal and proximal modes, respectively. Our study conducted a comparative analysis of nectar guide patterns on the developmentally homologous region and provided a comprehensive view of the variation in the nectar guide patterns of Ligeriinae.

scholarly journals Social Movements for Democracy in Post-Communist space: two Revolutions in Czechoslovakia (1968, 1989)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Olena Babinova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Leadership ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Popular Resistance ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Revolution

This article is a comparative analysis of two revolutions in Czechoslovakia in 1968 and 1989. The main question of this article is: Why did the revolution in 1968 fail, but the revolution in 1989 succeed? In this article the main reasons, common features and differences of those two revolutions were analysed and defined. The main conclusion of this article is the fact that a necessary condition for the victory of popular resistance is the support of these manifestations by the military or their non-interference. The 1968 revolution was suppressed as a result of the invasion of the Warsaw Pact troops under the leadership of the Soviet Union, but the events of 1989 were marked by a decision by the country’s military leadership on their neutrality.

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