Different Types of Cold Vortex Circulations over Northeast China and Their Weather Impacts

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuowei Xie ◽  
Cholaw Bueh
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Cold Surface ◽  
Cold Vortex ◽  
The North ◽  
Okhotsk Region ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Dipole Pattern

Abstract A deep and cold vortex circulation often occurs over northeast China. Known as the northeast China cold vortex (NCCV), the phenomenon is most active from May to mid-June and can lead to extremely cold local temperatures. This study used rotated principle component analysis to categorize NCCV events into four types, which were characterized by ridges (or blocks) over the following regions: Lake Baikal (BKL), the Yenisei River valley (YNS), the Ural Mountains (UR), and the Yakutsk–Okhotsk region (YO). On the intraseasonal time scale, it was found that BKL- and YNS-type NCCVs formed when the wave train height anomalies originating from the North Atlantic and Europe propagated to East Asia. In contrast, YO- and UR-type NCCVs formed in conjunction with the development of a meridional dipole pattern over northeast Asia. The existence of a blocking-type circulation over the Yakutsk–Okhotsk region favored maintenance of the NCCV circulation for the long-lived (more than 5 days) NCCV events of the four types. The typical circulation over northeast Asia for the long-lived NCCV event was closely associated with wave breaking, whereas the short-lived (3–5 days) event showed only wave propagation. The YNS-type NCCV caused cold surface air temperatures (SAT) not only over northeast China, but also over central and south China, whereas the other three types led only to regional cold SAT anomalies over northeast China. All four types of NCCVs caused a precipitation increase over northeast China, and this effect was broader for the UR- and YO-type NCCVs than that for BKL- and YNS-type NCCVs.

scholarly journals Impacts of Summer North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies on the East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 6513-6532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Renguang Wu ◽  
Zhibiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The North ◽  
Atmospheric Wave ◽  
Anomaly Pattern ◽  
Dipole Pattern ◽  
Sst Anomaly ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract The present study investigates the impacts of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) variability. It is found that the northern component of the EAWM variability is associated with a dipole pattern of preceding summer North Atlantic SST anomalies during 1979–2016. The processes linking preceding summer North Atlantic SST to EAWM include the North Atlantic air–sea interactions and atmospheric wave train triggered by the North Atlantic SST anomalies. Atmospheric wind anomalies in the preceding spring–summer result in the formation of a dipole SST anomaly pattern through surface heat flux changes. In turn, the induced SST anomalies provide a feedback on the atmosphere, modifying the location and intensity of anomalous winds over the North Atlantic. The associated surface heat flux anomalies switch the North Atlantic SST anomaly distribution from a dipole pattern in summer to a tripole pattern in the following winter. The North Atlantic tripole SST anomalies excite an atmospheric wave train extending from the North Atlantic through Eurasia to East Asia in winter, resulting in anomalous EAWM. However, the relationship of the northern component of EAWM to preceding summer North Atlantic SST anomalies is weak before the late 1970s. During 1956–76, due to weak air–sea interaction over the North Atlantic, no obvious tripole SST anomaly pattern is established in winter. The atmospheric wave train in winter is located at higher latitudes, leading to a weak connection between the northern component of EAWM and the preceding summer North Atlantic dipole SST anomaly pattern.

scholarly journals Distinct evolutions of haze pollution from winter to following spring over the North China Plain: Role of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linye Song ◽  
Shangfeng Chen ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Jianping Guo ◽  
Conglan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. This study reveals that haze pollution (HP) over the North China Plain (NCP) in winter can persist to following spring during most years. The persistence of HPNCP is attributed to maintenance of an anticyclonic anomaly (AA) over northeast Asia and southerly wind anomalies over the NCP. Southerly wind anomalies over the NCP reduce surface wind speed and increase relative humidity, which are conducive to above-normal HPNCP both in winter and spring. However, there exist several years when above-normal HPNCP in winter are followed by below-normal HPNCP in the following spring. The reversed HPNCP in winter and spring in these years is due to the inverted atmospheric anomalies over northeast Asia. In particular, AA over northeast Asia in winter is replaced by a cyclonic anomaly (CA) in the following spring. The resultant spring northerly wind anomalies over NCP are conducive to below-normal HPNCP. These two distinctive evolutions of HPNCP and atmospheric anomalies over northeast Asia from winter to spring are attributed to the different evolutions of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the North Atlantic. In the persistent years, warm North Atlantic SSTA in winter maintains to following spring via positive air-sea interaction process and induces a negative spring North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-like pattern, which contributes to the AA over northeast Asia via atmospheric wave train. By contrast, in the reverse years, cold SSTA in the North Atlantic is maintained from winter to spring, which induces a positive spring NAO-like pattern and leads to CA over northeast Asia via atmospheric wave train. The findings suggest that North Atlantic SSTA plays crucial roles in modulating the distinct evolutions of HPNCP from winter to succedent spring, which can be served as an important preceding signal for haze pollution evolution over the North China Plain.

scholarly journals Autumn Cold Surge Paths over North China and the Associated Atmospheric Circulation

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Cai ◽  
Gang Zeng ◽  
Guwei Zhang ◽  
Zhongxian Li
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
North China ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Cold Surge ◽  
The North ◽  
Blocking High ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cold Surges ◽  
Circulation Characteristics

Using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, we tracked the paths of 46 autumn cold surges affecting North China from 1961 to 2014, and classified them by clustering analysis, thereby investigating their changes and associated atmospheric circulation evolution. Our results indicate that autumn cold surges affecting North China can be classified into three types according to their paths: the north type, west type, and northwest type, with occurrences of 12, 16, and 18 respectively. Different types of cold surges have different atmospheric circulation characteristics. The north type is associated with a blocking type of atmospheric circulation pattern, with an enhanced stretching northeast ridge over the Ural Mountains and a transverse trough over Lake Baikal. However, the northwest type is characterized by a ridge–trough–ridge wave-train pattern that is located over the Barents Sea, West Siberian Plain, and Sakhalin Island, respectively. The west-type cold surge is related to a conversion type: a blocking system over the Ural Mountains forms four days before the cold surge occurrence, after which it becomes a wave-train type. The atmospheric signals detected prior to the occurrences of the three types of cold surges are also explored. The main signal of the north-path cold surges is that the energy propagates eastward from the Azores Islands to the Ural Mountains, and then forms a blocking high over the Urals. However, for the northwest-path cold surges, there is a weak trough over the Ural Mountains that gradually strengthens because the blocking high collapses over the Norwegian Sea. The key signal of the formation of the west-path cold surges is a blocking high over the Norwegian Sea’s continuous enhancement and extension to Novaya Zemlya, which results in a transmission of energy to the Ural Mountains and leads to the formation of a blocking system over here. When the above-mentioned different types of atmospheric circulation characteristics appear, the type of cold surge path and its impact area can be potentially forecasted in advance, which may reduce the losses that result from cold surges.

scholarly journals Response Characteristics of Chinese Pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) Radial Growth to Climate and Drought Variability Reconstruction in Western Liaoning, Northeast China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Bao ◽  
Bao
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Western Liaoning ◽  
Chinese Pine ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis Carr ◽  
The North Pacific

Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) plays an important role in maintaining ecosystem health and stability in western Liaoning Province and the southern Horqin sand land, Northeast China, with benefits including sand fixation and soil erosion. In the context of climate change, developing a better understanding of the relationship between climate factors and growth rates of this species will be extremely valuable in guiding management activities and meeting regional conservation objectives. Here, the results based on two groups of tree-ring samples show that the radial growth of Chinese pine is controlled primarily by water conditions. The longer chronology had the highest correlation coefficient with the January–September mean self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI); therefore, drought variability was reconstructed for the period 1859–2014. Statistical analysis showed that our model explained 41.9% of the variance in radial growth during the 1951–2014 calibration period. Extreme dry and wet events, defined as the criteria of one standard deviation less or greater than the mean value, accounted for 19.9% and 18.6% of the 156-year climate record, respectively. During the past century, the regional hydroclimate experienced significant long-term fluctuations. The dry periods occurred from the early-1900s–1930s and 1980s–2000s, and the wet periods occurred from the 1940s–1970s. The drought reconstruction was consistent with the decreasing trend of the East Asian summer monsoon since the late 1970s. The reconstructed temporal patterns in hydroclimate in western Liaoning were closely related to the large-scale climate drivers in the North Pacific and the tropical equatorial Pacific. The teleconnections were confirmed by spatial correlations between the reconstructed sequence and sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Pacific, as well as the correlations with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices. Aerosols played an important role in affecting drought variations over the past several decades. Moisture stress caused by global warming and interdecadal changes in the PDO will have long-term effects on the growth of pines in the study area in the future.

scholarly journals Dynamical mechanisms linking Indian monsoon precipitation and the circumglobal teleconnection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Beverley ◽  
Steven J. Woolnough ◽  
Laura H. Baker ◽  
Stephanie J. Johnson ◽  
Antje Weisheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Rossby Waves ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Seasonal Forecast ◽  
The North ◽  
Circumglobal Teleconnection ◽  
Rossby Wave Train ◽  
Ecmwf Model

AbstractThe circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) is an important mode of circulation variability, with an influence across many parts of the northern hemisphere. Here, we examine the excitation mechanisms of the CGT in the ECMWF seasonal forecast model, and the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), the CGT and the extratropical northern hemisphere circulation. Results from relaxation experiments, in which the model is corrected to reanalysis in specific regions, suggest that errors over northwest Europe are more important in inhibiting the model skill at representing the CGT, in addition to northern hemisphere skill more widely, than west-central Asia and the ISM region, although the link between ISM precipitation and the extratropical circulation is weak in all experiments. Thermal forcing experiments in the ECMWF model, in which a heating is applied over India, suggest that the ISM does force an extratropical Rossby wave train, with upper tropospheric anticyclonic anomalies over east Asia, the North Pacific and North America associated with increased ISM heating. However, this eastward-propagating branch of the wave train does not project into Europe, and the response there occurs largely through westward-propagating Rossby waves. Results from barotropic model experiments show a response that is highly consistent with the seasonal forecast model, with similar eastward- and westward-propagating Rossby waves. This westward-propagating response is shown to be important in the downstream reinforcement of the wave train between Asia and North America.

scholarly journals DPRK'S nuclear program

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Liailia Aidarovna Gainullina ◽  
Rustem Ravilevich Muhametzyanov ◽  
Bulat Aidarovich Gainullin ◽  
Nadiia Almazovna Galiautdinova
Keyword(s):  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
Korean People ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Bilateral Relations

Historically, in the eyes of the Korean people, Japan is an antagonistic state that has brought them many troubles in the past century. Relations between Japan and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) are fundamental in terms of security in the Northeast Asia (NEA) region, since the decision on the DPRK nuclear missile program and on the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula is one of the pillars of achieving that very security throughout the region. The period, we consider in this study, from 1996 to 2006, is of significant importance, since a thorough analysis of the events of those years is important for understanding the root of existing problems in bilateral relations between Japan and North Korea. The present analysis on the behavioral lines in the solution of the North Korean nuclear missile program may contribute to the choice the best way to normalize relations between the two countries.    

scholarly journals Climatic influence on the composition of snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen, Norway, 1989 and 1990

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Yuanqing ◽  
Wilfred H. Theakstone
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The North ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Marine Source

Winter snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen is influenced strongly by patterns of atmospheric circulation, and by air temperatures during precipitation. Differences of circulation over the North Atlantic and Scandinavia during the winters of 1988–89 and 1989–90 were reflected in the ionic and isotopic composition of snow that accumulated at the glacier. Early summer ablation did not remove, or smooth out, all the initial stratigraphic differences. In the first half of the 1988–89 winter, most air masses took a relatively short route between a marine source and Okstindan; late winter snowfalls were from air masses which had taken a longer continental route. The snow that accumulated in the first half of the 1989–90 winter was associated with air masses which had followed longer continental routes, and so brought higher concentrations of impurities from forests, lakes and crustal material. The ablation season began earlier in 1990 than in 1989, and summer winds and rain supplied more impurities to the snowpack surface.

scholarly journals Stone Industry of Layer 2 at Ust’-Kutarey Site (North Angara Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
A. N. Chekha
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
The North ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Stone Industry

Purpose. There are many archaeological sites located in the North Angara region. Although this territory has been investigated since 18th century, most intensive work was done during rescue archaeological works on Boguchany hydroelectric power station in 2008–2011. One of the valuable sources of artifacts is the Kutarey site. Our work contains a brief analysis of stone industries of the Kutarey River Mouth site. The main goal of this work is to apply technical and typological analysis to mark the specificity of the stone industries of layer 2 of the Kutarey River Mouth site in comparison with the results that had been previously published on layer 3 in the context of new data of this region in terms of ceramics complexes. We introduce a previously unpublished collection of stone artifacts of layer 2 of the Kutarey River Mouth site, which significantly extends the source base of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in this region. Results. The Kutarey River Mouth site is located on the left bank of the Angara River, 15 km down from the Kezhma village, on the right bank of the Kutarey River. The location was found in 1974 by N. I. Drozdov and his squad. The site was further investigated in 2008 and in 2010 by an IAE SB RAS squad (guided by A. N. Savin). Firstly, the site was determined as a Neolithic location, but as result of 2010 excavations three Neolithic-Middle Age cultural horizons were discovered. In the context of the difficulties connected with conducting investigations in this region, namely an open location, a low stratigraphy situation, a high extend of technogenic interruption, the materials of layer 3 are most perspective due to a high grade of saturation of the artifacts and minimal technogenic interruptions. These materials belong to the Neolithic and Paleometal Era. In order to clarify cultural and chronological specificity of this complex, it is necessary to analyze materials from layer 2. The stone industry of layer 2 is represented by retouching microblades, bladelets, tools for blades, flakes, scrapers including one microscraper, bifaces, several adzes, axes, and one piercing tool. Of special interest are blade points and trihedral and tetrahedral points. Conclusion. Our technical and typological analyses show that in comparison to layer 3, layer 2 is characterized by a small number of massive axes and adzes, no flints, few double scrapers, and only volume splitting tools aimed mainly at obtaining a small blade. Also, despite the fact that the core of the collection is the product of the hornstones of local origin, we observe a significant increase in the percentage of artifacts made of flint (13 %), which may indicate some new commodity strategies. The most interesting analogy can be traced with the dedicated Upper Kolyma Early Holocene complex, which contained blade points widely distributed in Northeast Asia and was present directly or indirectly in the materials from Chukotka (Verkhnetirsky IV and Nizhnechutinsky IV), Yakutia (Olbinski burial ground, Jubilee), Kamchatka (the Ushki I–IV layer, Avacha 1,9). This complex is believed to belong to specific Volbinsky traditions, which formed in the first half of the Holocene, about 8800–6000 years ago. It is also worth comparing these materials with other Kutarey sites – Sen’kin (Siniy) Kamen’, Ruchei Povarny, Gora Kutarey and adjacent territories.

scholarly journals Tectonic reconstruction of Uda-Murgal arc and the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous convergent margin of Northeast Asia–Northwest Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Sokolov ◽  
G. Ye. Bondarenko ◽  
A. K. Khudoley ◽  
O. L. Morozov ◽  
M. V. Luchitskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Island Arc ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Island Arcs ◽  
The South ◽  
Convergent Margin ◽  
Tectonic Zone ◽  
The North

Abstract. A long tectonic zone composed of Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks is recognized along the Asian continent margin from the Mongol-Okhotsk fold and thrust belt on the south to the Chukotka Peninsula on the north. This belt represents the Uda-Murgal arc, which was developed along the convergent margin between Northeast Asia and Northwest Meso-Pacific. Several segments are identified in this arc based upon the volcanic and sedimentary rock assemblages, their respective compositions and basement structures. The southern and central parts of the Uda-Murgal arc were a continental margin belt with heterogeneous basement represented by metamorphic rocks of the Siberian craton, the Verkhoyansk terrigenous complex of Siberian passive margin and the Koni-Taigonos Late Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic island arc with accreted oceanic terranes. At the present day latitude of the Pekulney and Chukotka segments there was an ensimatic island arc with relicts of the South Anyui oceanic basin in a backarc basin. Accretionary prisms of the Uda-Murgal arc and accreted terranes contain fragments of Permian, Triassic to Jurassic and Jurassic to Cretaceous (Tithonian–Valanginian) oceanic crust and Jurassic ensimatic island arcs. Paleomagnetic and faunal data show significant displacement of these oceanic complexes and the terranes of the Taigonos Peninsula were originally parts of the Izanagi oceanic plate.

scholarly journals Measurement report: Chemical characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> during typical biomass burning season at an agricultural site of the North China Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 3181-3192
Author(s):  
Linlin Liang ◽  
Guenter Engling ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Wanyun Xu ◽  
Xuyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
The North ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Site

Abstract. Biomass burning activities are ubiquitous in China, especially in northern China, where there is a large rural population and winter heating custom. Biomass burning tracers (i.e., levoglucosan, mannosan and potassium (K+)), as well as other chemical components, were quantified at a rural site (Gucheng, GC) in northern China from 15 October to 30 November, during a transition heating season, when the field burning of agricultural residue was becoming intense. The measured daily average concentrations of levoglucosan, mannosan and K+ in PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm) during this study were 0.79 ± 0.75, 0.03 ± 0.03 and 1.52 ± 0.62 µg m−3, respectively. Carbonaceous components and biomass burning tracers showed higher levels during nighttime than daytime, while secondary inorganic ions were enhanced during daytime. An episode with high levels of biomass burning tracers was encountered at the end of October 2016, with high levoglucosan at 4.37 µg m−3. Based on the comparison of chemical components during different biomass burning pollution periods, it appeared that biomass combustion can obviously elevate carbonaceous component levels, whereas there was essentially no effect on secondary inorganic aerosols in the ambient air. Moreover, the levoglucosan / mannosan ratios during different biomass burning pollution periods remained at high values (in the range of 18.3–24.9); however, the levoglucosan / K+ ratio was significantly elevated during the intensive biomass burning pollution period (1.67) when air temperatures were decreasing, which was substantially higher than in other biomass burning periods (averaged at 0.47).

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