Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the Breast Predicts Axillary Nodal Status

We hypothesize that the diminishing role of axillary node dissection (ALND) in early stage breast cancer could be further reduced in patients with advanced disease depending on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC). We reviewed records of patients managed with NC and recorded demographics, tumor characteristics, pre/postoperative axillary nodal status, and NC response. We define a response to NC as follows: T2 tumors at least a 50 per cent reduction in the product of the length and width of the tumor and in T3–4 tumors a reduction in tumor size to less than 2 cm. We defined a negative axillary nodal status as either a negative sentinel node biopsy before or after NC or a negative ALND. We defined a positive axillary nodal status as clinical persistence of nodal disease despite NC or involved nodes determined by ALND. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the association between response to NC and nodal status. Over the past 4 years, 35 patients have completed NC and surgical treatment including lymph node assessment. Sixteen cancers demonstrated a response to NC and two (12.5%) had positive lymph nodes. Nineteen cancers failed to respond to NC and 13 (68.4%) had involved lymph nodes. Fisher's exact test shows a strong association between NC response and nodal status (two-tailed P value 0.0016). Patients with advanced locoregional breast cancer that respond to NC are unlikely to benefit from ALND. If this study's findings are confirmed in larger trials, ALND could be limited to patients with advanced locoregional breast cancer unresponsive to NC.

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Impact of dosing schedule of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) chemotherapy on rates of hospitalization and resource utilization.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.78 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (28_suppl) ◽

pp. 78-78

Author(s):

Helen O Donovan ◽

Kate Murphy ◽

Brian Richard Bird ◽

Conleth G. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Resource Utilization ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Duration Of Hospitalization ◽

The Mean ◽

Dose Dense

78 Background: 4 cycles ofAC chemotherapy are given as a component of several important and widely used chemotherapy regimens in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. We queried whether the use of dose-dense (every 2 week) AC chemotherapy is associated with a lower rate of hospitalization and resource utilization in clinical practice. Methods: We identified patients with early stage breast cancer treated with 3-weekly AC chemotherapy in a single institution. Cases were matched to controls by year of diagnosis and age. Rates of hospitalization during AC chemotherapy as well as duration of hospitalization, associated costs and use of pegfilgrastim were compared between the two groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and paired t-test was used to compare continuous variables. Results: 26 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 56 in both groups. As expected, rates of growth factor support with pegfilgrastim were higher in the dose dense versus 3-weekly group (52 versus 23 cycles, 2-tailed p = 0.0003). There was no difference in the likelihood of hospitalization among patients treated with dose dense versus 3-weekly AC (Fisher's exact test, p-value = 1.00). There was no difference in the mean duration of hospitalization between groups (mean 2.31 versus 1.23 days, 2-tailed p = 0.3352).Costs pertaining to pegfilgrastim use and hospitalization will be compared. Conclusions: In this clinical setting, dose dense administration of AC was not associated with lower rates or mean duration of hospitalization.

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Genomic alterations in visceral versus nonvisceral “metastatic” site tumor tissue in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽

pp. 167-167

Author(s):

John Esther ◽

Umang Swami ◽

Jonathan Chipman ◽

Taylor Ryan McFarland ◽

Andrew W Hahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Rank Test ◽

P Value ◽

Visceral Metastasis ◽

Genomic Alterations ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Metastatic Tissue ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

167 Background: Men with mPC with visceral metastasis, as compared to non-visceral disease have inferior outcomes regardless of therapy (PMID: 25403629). Herein, we hypothesize that visceral versus non-visceral metastasis sites differ with regards to underlying genomic alterations (GA). These GA possibly drive metastasis to visceral sites and mediate a more aggressive disease. Identifying these GA may guide future trial designs by better stratifying patients and predicting therapy responses. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of mPC and comprehensive genomic profiling of metastatic tissue by CLIA certified lab. Liver and lung were defined as visceral while bone and lymph nodes were defined as non-visceral metastasis. Evaluated GA were p53, RB1, PTEN, AR, TMB, CDK12, SPOP, MYC, MET, BRCA genes, BRAF, ARID1A. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to compare GA in visceral and non-visceral tumor tissue. Results: Overall 54 men with mPC with visceral (n=8) and non-visceral (n=46) metastatic tissue biopsies were evaluated. Visceral biopsies included liver (3) and lung (5). Non-visceral biopsy sites included lymph nodes (33) and bone (13). Men with or without visceral metastasis had similar baseline characteristics (Fisher’s Exact Test and Wilcoxon Rank Test; Table). Visceral tumor tissue had a significantly greater odds of having RB1 mutation [OR = 12.09; 95% CI = (1.12, 178.21); p-value 0.02] as compared to non-visceral tumor tissue. Conclusions: RB1 GA were more common in visceral as compared to non-visceral metastatic sites in mPC. RB1 loss is associated with ineffectiveness to CDK4/6 inhibitors (PMID 26633733). These hypothesis-generating data suggest that men with mPC with visceral metastasis may not optimally benefit by enrollment on CDK4/6 inhibitor trials. BLM, NA: equal contribution.[Table: see text]

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TERT promoter hotspot mutations and gene amplification in metaplastic breast cancer

npj Breast Cancer ◽

10.1038/s41523-021-00250-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edaise M. da Silva ◽

Pier Selenica ◽

Mahsa Vahdatinia ◽

Fresia Pareja ◽

Arnaud Da Cruz Paula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Gene Amplification ◽

Genetic Alterations ◽

Wild Type ◽

Histologic Subtype ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Hotspot Mutations ◽

Or Gene

AbstractMetaplastic breast cancers (MBCs) are characterized by complex genomes, which seem to vary according to their histologic subtype. TERT promoter hotspot mutations and gene amplification are rare in common forms of breast cancer, but present in a subset of phyllodes tumors. Here, we sought to determine the frequency of genetic alterations affecting TERT in a cohort of 60 MBCs with distinct predominant metaplastic components (squamous, 23%; spindle, 27%; osseous, 8%; chondroid, 42%), and to compare the repertoire of genetic alterations of MBCs according to the presence of TERT promoter hotspot mutations or gene amplification. Forty-four MBCs were subjected to: whole-exome sequencing (WES; n = 27) or targeted sequencing of 341-468 cancer-related genes (n = 17); 16 MBCs were subjected to Sanger sequencing of the TERT promoter, TP53 and selected exons of PIK3CA, HRAS, and BRAF. TERT promoter hotspot mutations (n = 9) and TERT gene amplification (n = 1) were found in 10 of the 60 MBCs analyzed, respectively. These TERT alterations were less frequently found in MBCs with predominant chondroid differentiation than in other MBC subtypes (p = 0.01, Fisher’s exact test) and were mutually exclusive with TP53 mutations (p < 0.001, CoMEt). In addition, a comparative analysis of the MBCs subjected to WES or targeted cancer gene sequencing (n = 44) revealed that MBCs harboring TERT promoter hotspot mutations or gene amplification (n = 6) more frequently harbored PIK3CA than TERT wild-type MBCs (n = 38; p = 0.001; Fisher’s exact test). In conclusion, TERT somatic genetic alterations are found in a subset of TP53 wild-type MBCs with squamous/spindle differentiation, highlighting the genetic diversity of these cancers.

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Influence of ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphisms on tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer patients from Northeastern Brazil.

10.21203/rs.2.16585/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Diego de Aragão Bezerra ◽

Jose Juvenal Linhares ◽

Emmanuelle Coelho Noronha ◽

Kaio César Simiano Tavares ◽

André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽

Single Gene ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

P Value ◽

Female Population ◽

C3435t Polymorphism ◽

Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death among the female population worldwide. To evaluate the association between the ABCB1 C3435T single gene nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Methods: This study included 32 female patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms were genotyped through real-time allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-square test in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Results: The genotypes found for the C3435T polymorphism were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and their genotypic distributions were CC= 10 (31.1%), CT= 14 (43.8%), and TT= 08 (25.0%) with χ2: 0.86 and p-value > 0.05. Allele frequencies were C = 0.54 and T = 0.46. There were no significant statistical differences between genotypes considering the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunohistochemistry; the presence of the T allele was associated with worsen axillary status response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: No definite association between the presence of C3435T polymorphism and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed. Further studies in Brazil involving larger samples will contribute to validating the results of this study. Keywords: Breast cancer; Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy; Polymorphisms; Gene ABCB1

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Correlation between Demographic Status and Nutritional Status against the Occurrence of Anemia toward Female Students in SMP Negeri 3 Kediri

STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN ◽

10.30994/sjik.v9i1.274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Lumastari Ajeng Wijayanti ◽

Eny Sendra ◽

Ratih Novitasari ◽

Tanti Dwi Pujaningsih

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽

Smirnov Test

This research used cross sectional design. The population was 194 respondents and the sample was 54 respondents which are taken by using simple random sampling technique. Independent variable in this research was demographic status that was measured by questionnaire and nutritional status that was measured based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Meanwhile, dependent variable in this research was the occurrence of anemia that was measured by using spectrophotometry. Data analysis used Fisher's Exact test and Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (α = 0,05). Result of Fisher's Exact test was obtained that p value = 1,000 > 0,05, which meant that there was no significant correlation between demographic status and the occurrence of anemia. Meanwhile, result of Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was obtained that p value = 0,017 < 0,05, which meant that there was a significant correlation between nutritional status and the occurrence of anemia.

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Aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak Sekolah Dasar

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) ◽

10.21927/ijnd.2016.4(3).123-128 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

M Zamzani ◽

Hamam Hadi ◽

Dewi Astiti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Elementary School ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Energy Output ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

ABSTRACTBackgrounds: The increasing prevalence of obesity is caused by imbalance between energy input to energy output. Physical activity in children both at school and at home plays an important role in determining the nutritional status of children, including the risk of obesity. Objectives: To determine the relationship between children physical activity with obesity in Ngebel Elementary School, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. Methods: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. The study population is all children grades 3, 4, and 5 Ngebel Elementary School, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. These samples included 96 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained with less total sampling technique. Weight children measured using digital bathroom scales to the nearest 0.1 kg and height was measured using the nearest 0.1 cm microtoice assisted by trained enumerators. Physical activity data were obtained using a physical activity questionnaire was adopted from previous studies. Nutritional status data is calculated using the WHO software Anthro 2005. Univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Fisher’s Exact Test. Data were analyzed using software statistic.Results: Results analisis showed physical activity had a significant relationship with the incidence of obesity in children, with p Value 0.015 (<0,05) with OR of 4.78 (95% CI: 1.36 to 16.82), in other words children who do moderate to severe activity ≤1 hour/day had 5 times higher chance to be obese than children with moderate to severe activity >1 hour/day.Conclusions: Physical activity has a significant association with obesity. KEYWORDS: physical activity, obesity, elementary school children ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas disebabkan oleh adanya ketidakseimbangan antara masukan energi dengan keluaran energi. Aktivitas fisik pada anak-anak baik di sekolah maupun di rumah berperan penting dalam penentuan status gizi anak, termasuk risiko terjadinya obesitas.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri Ngebel, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah semua anak kelas 3, 4, dan 5 SDN Ngebel, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 96 anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh dengn teknik total sampling. Berat anak-anak diukur dengan menggunakan timbangan injak digital dengan ketelitian 0,1 kg, sedangkan tinggi badan diukur menggunakan microtoise dengan ketelitian 0,1 cm dibantu oleh enumerator terlatih. Data aktivitas fisik diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner aktivitas fisik yang diadopsi dari penelitian sebelumnya. Data status gizi dihitung dengan menggunakan software WHO Anthro 2005. Analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program software statistic.Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak dengan nilai p value 0,009 (<0,05) dengan nilai OR 5,69 (95% CI: 1,42-22,65), dengan kata lain anak yang melakukan aktivitas sedang-berat ≤1 jam/hari berpeluang 5 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami obesitas daripada anak dengan aktivitas sedang-berat >1 jam/hari.Kesimpulan: Aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan secara bermakna dengan obesitas.KATA KUNCI: aktivitas fisik, obesitas, anak SD

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TLR4 T399I Polymorphism and Endometriosis in a Cohort of Italian Women

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10050255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 255 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Enrica Marchionni ◽

Maria Grazia Porpora ◽

Francesca Megiorni ◽

Ilaria Piacenti ◽

Agnese Giovannetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Genotype Frequencies ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Italian Women

Background: Endometriosis is a widespread multifactorial disease in which environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors contribute to the phenotype. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes implicated in pivotal molecular mechanisms have been investigated as susceptible risk factors in distinct populations. Among these, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) represents a good candidate due to its role in the immune/inflammatory response and endometriosis pathogenesis. Methods: The TRL4 gene T399I SNP (C/T transition, rs4986791) was investigated in 236 Italian endometriosis patients and 150 controls by using the PCR-RFLP method. One-tailed Fisher’s exact test was used to compare differences between categorical variables. T399I genotype distribution was evaluated for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in both groups using the Chi-squared test for given probabilities. Results: Fisher’s exact test comparing C and T allele frequencies showed a difference in the frequency of T alleles between patients and controls (OR = 1.96, 95% confidence interval 0.91–4.23; p-value = 0.0552). Genotype frequencies did not show any significant difference between patients and controls. The homozygous TT genotype was observed in 2% of endometriosis women and not in controls. Conclusions: Our results show that the TLR4 rs4986791 T variant may be considered a genetic risk factor for endometriosis in Italian women. More extensive studies in other populations are needed to confirm this result.

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Abstract P3-07-62: Association of overexpression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early stage breast cancer

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-07-62 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

WI Zhi ◽

C-Y Huang ◽

E Gabrielson ◽

E Tully ◽

A Cimino-Mathews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Early Stage ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1Α ◽

Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

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Association of the ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism (SNPs) with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer in northeastern Brazil

Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas ◽

10.9771/cmbio.v19i2.34890 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 305

Author(s):

Diego de Aragão Bezerra De Aragão Bezerra ◽

José Juvenal Linhares ◽

Emmanuelle Coelho Noronha ◽

Kaio César Simiano Tavares ◽

André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Cancer Susceptibility ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

P Value ◽

Chemotherapy Response ◽

Female Population ◽

C3435t Polymorphism ◽

Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Introduction: breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death among the female population worldwide. Polymorphisms genetics of ABCB1 gene contributed to breast cancer susceptibility and interindividual differences in chemotherapy response. Objectives: to evaluate the association between the ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism (SNPs) with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Methodology: this study included 32 female patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms were genotyped through real-time allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s chi-square test in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Results: the genotypes found for the C3435T polymorphism were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and their genotypic distributions were CC= 10 (31.1%), CT= 14 (43.8%), and TT= 08 (25.0%) with χ2: 0.86 and p-value > 0.05. Allele frequencies were C = 0.54 and T = 0.46. There were no significant statistical differences between genotypes considering the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunohistochemistry; the presence of the T allele was associated with worsen axillary status response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: no definite association between the presence of C3435T polymorphism and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed. Further studies in Brazil involving larger samples will contribute to validating the results of this study.

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Effects on histologic subgroup, race, and BMI in 2,110 breast cancer patient: Results from single institution in Georgia.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e13112 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13112-e13112

Author(s):

Ricardo H. Alvarez ◽

Rebecca Rollins ◽

Joe Ensor ◽

Daniel W. Nixon ◽

Jonathan Ramey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Biology ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

Population Based ◽

Rank Test ◽

Racial Groups ◽

Single Institution ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

e13112 Background: Disparities in breast cancer (BC) care still clearly exist among Whites (W) and African-Americans (AA) racial groups. These disparities resulting in higher mortality among AA compared to W. The objective of this analysis was to estimate the prevalence of BC subtypes in a population-based sample of BC cases, collected in a Breast Cancer Database (BCD) and to examine correlations with demographic and clinicopathologic variables and patient survival. Methods: retrospective analysis of patients registered at BCD was performed. Pts with BC were analyzed for differences in survival based on histologic subgroup (HS), race and BMI. Median Kaplan Meyer estimate for potential follow-up was 13.1 months with 95% CI (10.6, 15.0). Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify factors associated with demographic and cancer biology variables. Results: A total of 2,110 patients were registered at BCD and were available for this analysis.The median age at diagnosis was 50.8 years with 95% CI of (50.2, 51.0). 50% were W and 46.6% were AA. HS were classified by immunohistochemistry CLIA central lab, ER+ 61.1%, HER2+ 21.8% and TNBC 17%.Fisher’s exact test showed statistically difference in HS distribution among the races (p < 0.0001); 25% and 11.7% TNBC, for AA and W, respectively. The mean BMI was 29.0 with 95% CI of (29.6, 30.2). BMI characteristics were obese 47.2%, overweight 28.6% and normal 22.2%. Fisher’s exact test showed statistically difference in BMI distribution among the races, 57% and 39% obesity, for AA and W, respectively (p < 0.0001). Log-rank test showed that 2-years OS is worse for TNBC (48%), than for ER+ (72%) and HER2+ (75%). In the multivariable model AA survival was statistically inferior than for W ( p= 0.0094). Cox proportional hazard model was constructed to assess the effect of age, BMI, race and HS (Table). Conclusions: This single institution analysis demonstrated a statistically differences between TNBC, AA, and abnormal BMI as poor prognostic factors in BC pts impacting OS. Further research should investigate how to improve care for AA women who are at higher risk for breast cancer mortality. [Table: see text]

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