The Tensions of University–City Relations in the Knowledge Society

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Urban University ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
University City ◽  
The University ◽  
City Relations ◽  
Institutional Ambiguity

The university–city relations are changing along with the engagement of universities in public service beyond teaching and research and the dependence of cities on networks rather than enclosure to promote urban competitiveness. Taking China as an example, this article discusses the challenges and tensions of university–city interaction in the knowledge society at the global, national, and local scales. At the global scale, there is mutual selection between universities and cities, which results in the polarized concentration of competitive universities in competitive cities. At the national scale, the retreat of the state in public service provision and the diffused entrepreneurship in the market leads to university–city coalitions with overlapping institutional spheres and institutional ambiguity. At the local scale, the campuses of urban universities are often planned in a de-urbanized way to meet the broader urban requirement. To ease such university–city tensions, it calls for the differentiation of development strategies, the institutionalization of entrepreneurial coalitions, and an operational definition of urban university.

scholarly journals Defining Online Hating and Online Haters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Malecki ◽  
Marta Kowal ◽  
Małgorzata Dobrowolska ◽  
Piotr Sorokowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

According to a view widely held in the media and in public discourse more generally, online hating is a social problem on a global scale. However, thus far there has been little scientific literature on the subject, and, to our best knowledge, there is even no established scholarly definition of online hating and online haters in the first place. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a new perspective on online hating by, first, distinguishing online hating from the phenomena it is often confused with, such as trolling, cyberstalking, and online hate speech, and, second, by proposing an operational definition of online hating and online haters based on ethnographic interviews and surveys of the existing scholarly literature.

Проблемы иностранных студентов в университетских городах

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (336) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Alexey Shcherbinin ◽  
Mikhail Podrezov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Branding Strategy ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Social Component ◽  
The Future ◽  
University City ◽  
The University

This paper examines the problems foreign students face in university cities. This aspect seems to be especially important in the formation of a city branding strategy in the context of a “knowledge society”. The university city in this context is considered as an intellectual and social component of the image of the future of the country and a promising direction of the Siberian frontier.

The Prospects for Contemporary Partisan Realignment

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
David W. Brady ◽  
Patricia A. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Party Identification ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Majority Party ◽  
Partisan Realignment ◽  
Partisan Identification ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
American Party

With the exception of 1976, all national elections since 1964 have generated commentary among both media analysts and political scientists about the possibility of realignment. Reports have varied from the straightforward—yes or no—to the contrived—realignment has been realized at the presidential but not the congressional level. In this essay, we outline our view of those factors that are necessary for a realignment, and we evaluate the 1984 elections with respect to those factors. Our focus in this analysis is on the tripartite structure of American party systems: party in the electorate, party in government, and party as organization. In addition, we discuss the policy consequences associated with realignments.Theories of RealignmentsSchlesinger (1984: 371) reminds us that “[the parts of parties] are treated as though each leads a life of its own with little attention to what if anything holds them together.” This admonition also holds for students of realignments. One school of thought, centering around the University of Michigan's Survey Research Center, focuses attention on party in the electorate. In this view, a realigning election is one in which the normal party vote shifts from one party to another, and because of the influence of individual partisan identification on electoral outcome, this new majority party dominates elections for a generation or more. This emphasis on the distribution of party identification in the electorate is beneficial in that it gives us an operational definition of realignment and allows us to assess both critical and secular (gradual) realignments.

scholarly journals What is mental wellbeing?

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S236-S236
Author(s):  
David Baldwin ◽  
Julia Sinclair ◽  
Gemma Simons
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Support Research

AimsTo explore the theory of wellbeing and to propose an operational definition for wellbeing in doctors.Hypothesis: An operational definition for wellbeing in doctors is needed in order for it to be measured and interventions to improve it developed.BackgroundThere is no internationally recognised definition for wellbeing and yet wellbeing is an increasingly fashionable topic of research and development, including in doctors. This is because wellbeing can be described using either hedonist, or eudonist philosophy and there is a lack of conceptual clarity about what wellbeing is, and how it works. Research into the measurement of mental wellbeing has been dominated by individualist societies, with the inherent bias towards measuring self-centred components and not the other-orientated components that might be valued more in collectivist societies and by doctors.MethodThe Centre for Workforce Wellbeing (C4WW), a collaboration between the University of Southampton and Health Education England, was created to support research into the nature, assessment and enhancement of wellbeing in physicians. A literature review of the philosophy, definition and measurement of wellbeing was undertaken with a focus on mental wellbeing at work and specifically in doctors.ResultA concept map of the relationship between wellbeing terms has been created and was used to understand and classify where mental wellbeing itself was being defined and measured in studies, as opposed to a component of wellbeing, or determinant of wellbeing. Thematic analysis was used to develop an operational definition of wellbeing for doctors.ConclusionMeasurement of wellbeing and interventions for wellbeing cannot be developed if you cannot clearly define what wellbeing is. An operational definition of mental wellbeing in doctors is ethically required to prevent research waste and to allow us to identify and recreate when doctors thrive, not just survive.Health Education England funded PhD.

scholarly journals A PHENOMENOLOGICAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF LAHORE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Private University ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University

Psychological flexibility is an emerging phenomenon worldwide. It has been shown that an adequate level of psychological flexibility supports with adjustment of an individual in a present situation. In European cultures, psychological flexibility has been associated with successful outcomes and adaptive behaviors for stress management. The phenomenology of a variable differs in different populations; the scarcity of an indigenous psychological flexibility scale for university students in Pakistani society drew this research study towards an exploration of the variable among Pakistani students. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the perceptions of university students about psychological flexibility. The experiences were collected in the form of written transcripts from 73 university students from two private universities in Lahore. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. A qualitative summative content analysis approach was used to interpret the results of the data. A research question was formulated for data collection and codes were found using an operationalized definition from the literature review. Four major themes were identified through the data analysis of the university students' phenomenology exploration about psychological flexibility. The key findings that were highlighted through the content analysis were discussed based on the pre-determined codes in the operational definition of psychological flexibility. The study provides direction to future researchers while working on the level of psychological flexibility in clinical and non-clinical practices.

The Urban University as Community Service Institution

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-125
Author(s):  
Ethan Schrum
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Urban University ◽  
Service Institution ◽  
University City ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 3 portrays Gaylord P. Harnwell’s effort to make the University of Pennsylvania (Penn) a “community service institution,” in part by stimulating Philadelphia’s economic development. Penn’s unfolding understanding of its identity as an “urban university” and its almost overnight creation of the intellectual center of American city planning suggest the impact that both the legacy of the New Deal state and the increasingly urban setting of higher education in the postwar years had on American universities’ instrumental turn. This chapter also illustrates how both Kerr’s ideas about universities and the nascent concept of a knowledge economy began to play out in places around the country, such as in Harnwell’s work with the University City Science Center and the Governor’s Council of Science and Technology.

scholarly journals Topical Issues of Value-Focused Engineering Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
N. D. Tskhadaya ◽  
D. N. Bezgodov
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Value ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University

The article justifies the effectiveness of value-focused education as a strategic approach in education, integrating on a value basis the advantages of subject, personality and practice-oriented education. The axiological triad of university values: veritism, personalism, patriotism is considered as the corresponding value basis. The key structural contradiction of engineering education – between the requirements of the innovative economy to the content of modern engineering education and the environmental imperative – is identified and analyzed. The authors make the case for justifying the value profile of university organizational culture, and propose to refer to it as “axiologics of the university”. They also examine an essential distinction between “value” and “purpose” phenomena as a basis for an operational definition of “value.” Value ambivalence of the phenomenon of engineering is considered. The authors propose to interpret the Heidegger solution of the “question of technology” with regard to a dual challenge facing engineering education: training of a professional – on the one hand, and development of a personality – on the other hand. The authors consider university as a source and model of innovative economy, explore the phenomenon of the “innovation chain”.

Understanding functional illiteracy from a policy, adult education, and cognition point of view: Towards a joint referent framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Bulajić ◽  
Miomir Despotović ◽  
Thomas Lachmann
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Functional Illiteracy ◽  
Scale Levels ◽  
Components Of Reading ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. The article discusses the emergence of a functional literacy construct and the rediscovery of illiteracy in industrialized countries during the second half of the 20th century. It offers a short explanation of how the construct evolved over time. In addition, it explores how functional (il)literacy is conceived differently by research discourses of cognitive and neural studies, on the one hand, and by prescriptive and normative international policy documents and adult education, on the other hand. Furthermore, it analyses how literacy skills surveys such as the Level One Study (leo.) or the PIAAC may help to bridge the gap between cognitive and more practical and educational approaches to literacy, the goal being to place the functional illiteracy (FI) construct within its existing scale levels. It also sheds more light on the way in which FI can be perceived in terms of different cognitive processes and underlying components of reading. By building on the previous work of other authors and previous definitions, the article brings together different views of FI and offers a perspective for a needed operational definition of the concept, which would be an appropriate reference point for future educational, political, and scientific utilization.

“The Unconscious” in Current Psychology

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Norman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Verbal Report ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Unconscious Processing ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Intermediate States ◽  
Definition Of

A series of vignette examples taken from psychological research on motivation, emotion, decision making, and attitudes illustrates how the influence of unconscious processes is often measured in a range of different behaviors. However, the selected studies share an apparent lack of explicit operational definition of what is meant by consciousness, and there seems to be substantial disagreement about the properties of conscious versus unconscious processing: Consciousness is sometimes equated with attention, sometimes with verbal report ability, and sometimes operationalized in terms of behavioral dissociations between different performance measures. Moreover, the examples all seem to share a dichotomous view of conscious and unconscious processes as being qualitatively different. It is suggested that cognitive research on consciousness can help resolve the apparent disagreement about how to define and measure unconscious processing, as is illustrated by a selection of operational definitions and empirical findings from modern cognitive psychology. These empirical findings also point to the existence of intermediate states of conscious awareness, not easily classifiable as either purely conscious or purely unconscious. Recent hypotheses from cognitive psychology, supplemented with models from social, developmental, and clinical psychology, are then presented all of which are compatible with the view of consciousness as a graded rather than an all-or-none phenomenon. Such a view of consciousness would open up for explorations of intermediate states of awareness in addition to more purely conscious or purely unconscious states and thereby increase our understanding of the seemingly “unconscious” aspects of mental life.

Principles of economic security management of institutions of higher education

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Nataliia Tsymbalenko
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University

The subject of research-theoretical concepts of economic security managementof universities. The purpose of the article. The study of the essence of the economicsecurity management system of the university and the definition of its main tasks,the formulation of principles of economic security management of the university.Methodology. The dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, methodsof structural-logical and semantic analysis were used to study and summarizescientific papers on the research topic. The results of the work. The essence of theuniversity’s economic security management system has been reviewed. The maintasks of the control system have been identified. A definition of the university’seconomic security system has been proposed. Principles of management of economicsecurity of the university have been formulated. These are: scientific andorganizational and social principles. Conclusions. The proposed principles allow totake into account the economic role and social mission of universities in managingeconomic security.

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