scholarly journals Expanding Research on Investigations of Officer-Involved Shootings: An Experimental Evaluation of Question Timing on Police Officers’ Memory Recall

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110358
Author(s):  
Cory Schnell ◽  
M. Dylan Spencer ◽  
Ashley Mancik ◽  
Louise E. Porter ◽  
Justin Ready ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Active Shooter ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Live Action

The timing of an investigation after an officer-involved shooting (OIS) is influenced by conflicting forces. The public demands expedited resolution, but police officers are provided several protections that can delay investigations of their actions. This study conducts a randomized experiment to determine the impact of question timing after an OIS on the accuracy of police officers’ memory recall. Officers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The treatment group completed a questionnaire after participating in a live-action, active shooter training scenario and again 2 days later, whereas the control group only completed the questionnaire 2 days later. Our findings suggest the timing of interviews after training did not influence officers’ recall of the scenario. There is little empirical understanding of how police officers reconstruct OIS events; further interdisciplinary research can help clarify these cognitive processes. This research could strengthen a traditional pathway to provide accountability for officers through investigations.

The Impact of Different Teaching Strategies on Teaching Spelling to Kindergarten Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Ali Hashemi ◽  
Omid Ghalkhani
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Language Curriculum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Correct Spelling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Arts Community

Many specialists in the field of foreign language teaching consider spelling as an important and perhaps necessary part in language teaching, and observe that spelling is a significant concern among both the language arts community and the public. The teaching of spelling is an issue that provokes strong feelings and attitudes in teachers, students, and parents as well, and those involved have strong opinions about the importance of correct spelling at school. A close look at the role of spelling in the general language curriculum, makes it known that learning to write and read in the whole language can benefit greatly from teaching spelling. Searching the Net under the keywords ‘spelling’ and ‘teaching spelling’ reveals many studies on spelling and the interest of the readers. In this study, we made use of two techniques to teach spelling, which included “the Personalized Instruction Technique”, or simply the PI technique, and “the Detection Technique” or the D technique. Meanwhile, a control group was included to make up for and take into account any possible background differences.82 kindergarten children, studying at three kindergartens in Tarom, Zanjan, took part in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: one control group and two experimental groups. The PI group consisted of 28 kindergarten students both boys and girls, and the Group comprised 27kindergarten students, both boys and girls. The control group, too, contained 27 kindergarten students, both boys and girls. The findings indicated that both the experimental groups that used the spelling techniques performed significantly better than the control group. Meanwhile, the PI group exceeded the DT group.

scholarly journals Experience and effectiveness of practice-oriented training of voluntary people’s guard members based at the organizations of MIA of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Guz
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Training Modules

The relevance of the subject matter of the article is determined by the increasing spread of volunteering in our country, in particular, the formation of voluntary people’s guards that are intended to assist all state authorities includinglaw enforcement agencies. The legal basis for cooperation between the police and the public is fixed in the corresponding statutory documents. The performanceof voluntary people’s patrol depends considerably on the level oflegal, moral and psychological competenceof its members allowing to interact withlaw enforcement officers. Vigilantesshould understand the specifics of human rights practices and law enforcement activities. The decrees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia define the procedure ofvigilante groupstraining, but their implementation requires the development of policy and methodological documentation. The article presents the analysis of the existing practice of vigilantes training atlaw enforcement agencies, and identifies deficiencies and contradictions in thelevel of their expertise. The article discusses the specific features of such training: its short-term duration, as well as the heterogeneous composition of thevigilante groups as to age and profession. The authorpresents experience in implementing specially developed program forvigilantestraining that is unique both in content and in methods used. The content is presented on the basis of classification of representative tasksthat have to be solved by voluntary people’s patrol in joint activities with police officers. These tasks formed the basis for the three training modules reviewed in the article («Minors», «Foreigners», «Maintenance of order»). Practice-oriented training methods include analysis of real situations that are presented in the classroom in various aspects and forms. Test and situational materials developedon their basis can be used in the process of training as well as for monitoring the effectiveness of the work performed. In conclusionthe author presentsthe analysis of the effectiveness of the suggested training program for vigilante groupas compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pijat Bayi Terhadap Bounding Attachment di Ruang Dahlia RSD dr. Soebandi Jember

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Dini Kurniawati ◽  
Hanny Rasni
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

Bounding attachment is very important for newborn to be adapted to the new environment. Mother’stouch can help babies adapt to environmental differences between inside the womb and outside thewomb. How to improve the bounding attachment is early breastfeeding initiation, rooming in,kangaroo mother care for premature, and baby massage. The purpose of this research is todetermine the impact of baby massage to bounding attachment. The method of research was quasiexperimental with design of research pretest-post test with control group. This research is in Dahliaroom in dr. Soebandi general Hospital, with samples as 40 respondent with 20 people forexperimental group and 20 people for control group. The research use standard operationalprocedure of baby massage and quality of bounding attachment questionnaire. Take the sample bypurposive sampling. The results of research is give difference in average pretest-post test on theexperimental group of -7,35 whereas on the control group of -2,55. Statistic test result obtained the pvalue 0.001, this mean on the alpha 5% can be expressed there is influence of baby massage forbounding attachment. There are several factors that influence to the bounding attachment that isemotional health of parent, family support, the proximity and match of the parents and baby. Theresult of this research are recommended as the nursing treatment and to the public especiallymother postpartum.Keywords : baby massage, bounding attachment

Body Cameras and Policing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Elling Peterson ◽  
Daniel S. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Citizen Complaints ◽  
Police Community Relations ◽  
The Impact

Body-worn cameras (BWCs) are small devices that police officers can affix to their person—in a head-, shoulder-, or chest-mounted position—that can audio and video record their interactions with community members. BWCs have received strong support from the public and, in recent years, widespread buy-in from police leadership and officers because of their ability to improve accountability and transparency and enhance the collection of evidence. Implementation guidelines recommend that officers activate their BWCs during each officer–citizen interaction and inform the people they encounter that they are being recorded. Early research on this technology found that officers equipped with body cameras were significantly less likely to engage in force and receive citizen complaints. However, more recent studies with larger samples have had mixed findings about the impact of body cameras on use of force, citizen complaints, and other police activities and behaviors. Numerous legal and ethical considerations are associated with BWCs, including their implications for privacy concerns and public disclosure. However, police officials, policymakers, civil rights groups, and the public must continue to weigh these privacy concerns against the potential for BWCs to enhance police accountability and transparency. Future scholarship should focus on the degree to which BWCs can improve police–community relations and yield valuable evidence for both criminal cases and internal investigations.

Eksplorasi Simbol Konvensional dan Universal dalam Penciptaan Video Art Kampanye Anti Perang dan Kekerasan “WARKAHOLIC” dengan Teknik Animasi 3D

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Sulistiyono
Keyword(s):  
Video Art ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Visual Storytelling ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Animation Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Live Action

At The End of 2010 to 2011 there has been a political crisis in MiddleEastern countries and parts of North Africa. The movement called "JasmineRevolution" caused by poor socioeconomic situation in the region, while itspresidents has been living rich in power for decades. It was raised the anger of the people and cause lot of protest to raising down the Presidents. Most of the presidents refused to resign and against the protester violently. The thousands of people have been killed and injured due to the demonstrations and civil war during the conflict. The Indonesian people must be wary to prevent leadership crisis's revolution. They need to be aware that the war and violence conflict caused suffering continously and harmfull for both of them."Warkaholic" is a manifestation of the artist's social responsibility to deliver the message through their artworks. It formed into the video arts and the topic of its art works are stop war and violence campaign. This video arts does not emphasize the personal subjectivity aspects as a fine art works. It will be more objective and easily understood for the public in general and can be seen by peoples through any audiovisual media.The methods of art works's realization are narrative style approach andapplying universal symbol, iconic, connotative to the visual and sound elements of the object. Visual storytelling content can be understood by peoples as a representation of the impact of war and violence. The Supers or text is to be the key of the public's message to stop war and violence. The computer 3D animation technique is used to create realistic  visualization and to make something impossible in live action technique can be relatively possible.

Quality over Quantity: Assessing the Impact of Frequent Public Interaction Compared to Problem-Solving Activities on Police Officer Job Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-541
Author(s):  
Victoria A Sytsma ◽  
Eric L Piza
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Job Assignment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Calls For Service ◽  
Community Oriented Policing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research outside the field of policing has shown that job satisfaction predicts job performance. While policing research has demonstrated performing community-oriented policing (COP) activities generally improves police officer job satisfaction, the mechanism through which it occurs remains unclear. This study contributes to the community-policing literature through a survey of 178 police officers at the Toronto Police Service. The survey instrument measures the mechanism through which job satisfaction is impacted. Results indicate that primary response officers are more likely to be somewhat or very unsatisfied with their current job assignment compared with officers with a COP assignment—confirming what previous research has found. Further, those who interact with the public primarily for the purpose of engaging in problem-solving are more likely to be very satisfied with their current job assignment compared with those who do so primarily for the purpose of responding to calls for service. Engaging in problem-solving increases the odds of being very satisfied in one’s job assignment, and the combination of frequent contacts with the public and problem-solving is less important than problem-solving alone. The implications of the study findings for COP strategies are discussed.

Opportunities for auditing research: back to our interdisciplinary roots

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hay
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review potential areas for interdisciplinary research in auditing. Approach The paper reflects on the relevance of the findings from auditing research, and discusses an example from medical research. The medical example highlights how unexpected results can lead to surprising research findings. The paper then examines the areas in which further auditing research should be most valuable. Findings Auditing research is generally based on practical problems. It can be qualitative, quantitative, use mixed methods or be interdisciplinary. There are examples of each of these, including interdisciplinary research that has contributed to the auditing literature. The paper describes areas in which future research in auditing is likely to be valuable. These include research in developing countries, smaller entities and other settings that have not been widely researched; research in the public sector, including the impact of armchair auditors; research about the place of auditing in corporate governance; and research about the function of auditing in confirming earlier unaudited announcements. Practical implications Standard setters are becoming more aware of research and more likely to make evidence-based decisions about auditing standards. Originality/value The paper evaluates existing research and provides suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals ‘Stay home you murder!’: populist policing of COVID-19 in Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110149
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Scalia
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Police Forces

Italy was the first European country to experience the impact of COVID-19. In order to deal with the health emergency, in early March 2020, the Italian government enforced strict lockdown measures. The different Italian police forces, the Polizia di Stato, Carabinieri and city police forces (Polizia Municipale), patrolled the streets, ensuring that people stayed at home and non-essential shops remained closed. These police forces received unprecedented support from the public in enforcing lockdown. People were active in their neighbourhoods, taking pictures of alleged violators and reporting them to the police, as well as posting pictures of those violating the rules on social networks. Local administrators encouraged citizens to report lockdown violations and in the case of Rome, introduced an online reporting system. This article focuses on the policing of lockdown in Italy. The article develops the argument that public attitudes, defined as policing from below, combined with policing from above by local administrators, produced a populist policing of the lockdown. Qualitative methodology is used to discuss interviews with police officers and analyse newspaper articles. Populist political forces are hegemonising in Italy, relying on the feelings of insecurity that the virus has embittered. Populist hegemony strongly influenced the policing of problems related to COVID. The lack of community policing or plural policing models within the organisation of Italian police forces, which remain a combination of continental and colonial models, has been decisive in the development of populist policing. The consequence of this is a type of ‘policing on demand’, with the public providing the police with intelligence and demanding enforcement.

scholarly journals Effects of political versus expert messaging on vaccination intentions of Trump voters

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257988
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Robertson ◽  
Keith Bentele ◽  
Beth Meyerson ◽  
Alex S. A. Wood ◽  
Jackie Salwa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Public Health Expert ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Expert

To increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in resistant populations, such as Republicans, focus groups suggest that it is best to de-politicize the issue by sharing five facts from a public health expert. Yet polls suggest that Trump voters trust former President Donald Trump for medical advice more than they trust experts. We conducted an online, randomized, national experiment among 387 non-vaccinated Trump voters, using two brief audiovisual artifacts from Spring 2021, either facts delivered by an expert versus political claims delivered by President Trump. Relative to the control group, Trump voters who viewed the video of Trump endorsing the vaccine were 85% more likely to answer “yes” as opposed to “no” in their intention to get fully vaccinated (RRR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.40; P = .048). There were no significant differences between those hearing the public health expert excerpt and the control group (for “yes” relative to “no” RRR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.61 to 2.12; P = .68). These findings suggest that a political speaker’s endorsement of the COVID-19 vaccine may increase uptake among those who identify with that speaker. Contrary to highly-publicized focus group findings, our randomized experiment found that an expert’s factually accurate message may not be effectual to increase vaccination intentions.

scholarly journals The Impact of an International Component in Educating the Public Using an Experimental Design

2019 ◽  
pp. 102831531988989
Author(s):  
Uwe Brandenburg ◽  
Bryn Willcock
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Group Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Random Group ◽  
The Public ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on the effect of internationalization on the wider society. The study analyses the results of a session on terrorism and media, where participants were the wider public in the United Kingdom. An experimental design with random group assignment was conducted where internationalization was operationalized by the training either being international, where a U.S. trainer co-conducted the intervention group session, or national, where a U.K. trainer co-conducted the control group session. Both groups were matched for age, education, and gender. While both groups did not significantly differ regarding a core personality trait—that is, openness—as well as the learning outcomes prior to the training, they differed significantly post training. Training on terrorism showed consistent learning effects for both groups, but was far greater in the presence of the U.S. co-teacher and these effects were long-term. Consistent with predictions, the presence of an international trainer produced significantly larger effects when compared with when the trainer was not international.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document