scholarly journals Stigma Beliefs of Asian Americans with Depression in an Internet Sample

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Fogel ◽  
Daniel E Ford
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Internet Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective: To study the beliefs of Asian Americans with depression about stigma associated with depression treatment among friends, employers, and family. Method: Participants completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) anonymously on the Internet. In this cross-sectional design, those who screened positive for depression were asked questions regarding stigma ( n = 68 656). We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare Asian Americans with whites and also to make comparisons by age and sex. Further, we stratified for Asian Americans and used ANOVA and ANCOVA to compare age and sex. We used linear regression to assess how stigma beliefs were associated with self-reported need for depression treatment. Results: Asian Americans overall had greater stigma beliefs than did whites for all 3 stigma outcomes ( P < 0.001), especially those related to family. Although this same pattern existed for subjects aged between 16 and 29 years and between 30 and 45 years ( P < 0.001), among those aged under 16 years, this existed for family stigma ( P < 0.001) but not for friends or employer stigma. In our stratified analyses among Asian Americans, male participants had greater stigma beliefs than did female participants for friends ( P < 0.001) and employer ( P < 0.05) but not for family. Conclusions: The pattern of Asian Americans having greater stigma levels than whites may be changing among younger Asian Americans because of acculturation. Also, among Asian Americans, unlike previous research showing no sex differences for stigma, we show that male participants had greater stigma levels than did female participants. Future directions should include measuring stigma after culture-specific interventions.

scholarly journals Anxiety in Frontline and Non-Frontline Healthcare Providers in Kelantan, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Norhayati Mohd Noor ◽  
Ruhana Che Yusof ◽  
Mohd Azman Yacob
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare providers are exposed to psychological and mental health implications, including vicarious traumatization, anxiety, and depression. Gradual increases in the number of COVID-19 cases meant they were inadequately protected from contamination due to a shortage of protective equipment, excessive workloads, emotional exhaustion and frustration. These circumstances affect their work performance in delivering health services. This study aims to compare the levels of anxiety in frontline and non-frontline healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied a comparative cross-sectional design between May and July 2020 at the Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II. Convenient sampling was applied in the selection of eligible participants. The case report form contained two self-administered questionnaires, namely, The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey. Descriptive analysis, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance were conducted using SPSS version 26. The number of participants recruited was 306, including 160 healthcare providers in the frontline group and 146 in the non-frontline group. The non-frontline healthcare providers reported a significantly higher anxiety mean score of 1.7 than the frontline providers after adjusting for gender, duration of employment, and social support. It indicates that non-frontline healthcare providers require psychological support similar to that of frontline healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Mental health crisis in healthcare providers in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional facility-based survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e052184
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Sung ◽  
Chi-Hsin Chen ◽  
Cheng-Yi Fan ◽  
Jia-How Chang ◽  
Chia Chun Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Levels Of Care

ObjectivesDuring a pandemic, healthcare providers experience increased mental and physical burden. Burnout can lead to treatment errors, patient mortality, increased suicidal ideation and substance abuse as well as medical malpractice suits among medical staff. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of burnout, acute stress disorder, anxiety disorder and depressive disorder among healthcare providers at the third month of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional facility-based survey.SettingHospitals around the country with different levels of care.ParticipantsA total of 1795 respondents, including 360 men and 1435 women who participated in the survey.Primary outcome measuresBurnout was assessed using the Physician Work Life Study. A score of ≥3 implied burnout.ResultsOf the 1795 respondents, 723 (40.3%) reported burnout, and 669 (37.3%) cared for patients with COVID-19. Anxiety levels were mild in 185 (10.3%) respondents, moderate in 209 (11.6%) and severe in 1401 (78.1%). The mean Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 score was 9.5±6.3, and 817 (45.5%) respondents were classified as having depression. Factors associated with burnout were working in acute and critical care (ACC) divisions (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.84, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.39, p=0.019), caring for patients with COVID-19 (aOR=3.90, 95% CI 1.14 to 13.37, p=0.031) and having depressive disorder (aOR=9.44, 95% CI 7.44 to 11.97, p<0.001).ConclusionsPhysicians and nurses are vulnerable to burnout during a pandemic, especially those working in ACC divisions. Anxiety disorder, depressive disorder and care of patients with COVID-19 may be factors that influence the occurrence of burnout among healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Effects of social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Zhao ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Ye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background The prevalence of depression symptoms and related modifiable factors in prostate cancer (PCa) are not well evaluated. We aimed to assess the effects of perceived social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of PCa, and to evaluate the role of hope and resilience as mediators of that relationship. Method A cross-sectional study was analyzed in consecutive inpatients with PCa during the months of January 2018 and August 2019. A total of 667 patients eligible for this study completed questionnaires on demographic and clinic variables, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adult Hope Scale, and Resilience Scale (14 items). All registered patients were all volunteers and anonymous. Depressive symptoms, perceived social support, hope and resilience were measured anonymously. Out of 667 patients, a total of 564 effective respondents (< 30% missing data) became our subjects. Hierarchical linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to conduct the mediating effects of hope and resilience. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 65.9% in PCa patients. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that perceived social support, hope, and resilience together accounted for 27.5% variance of depressive symptoms. Support from family, hope, and resilience significantly associated with depressive symptoms, respectively. Hope (a*b = − 0.0783, BCa95% CI: − 0.134 to − 0.0319, p < 0.05), and resilience (a*b = − 0.1315, BCa95% CI: − 0.1894 to − 0.0783, p < 0.05) significantly mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Conclusions The high prevalence of depressive symptoms among PCa patients should receive more attention. Perceived social support, hope and resilience could be positive resources for combating depressive symptoms, and hope and resilience mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Enhancing social support, particularly the support form family, and improving patients’ outlook and resilience may be potential targets for future psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Level of Depression and Risk of Suicide in Elderly at Purwodadi, Grobogan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Rilla Fiftina Hadi ◽  
Titis Hadiati ◽  
Natalia Dewi Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract Background: According to WHO, the elderly people have physical and mental challenges, including depression. The incidence of depression lead to suicide on elderly is about 12.7%. In Grobogan Regency, Purwodadi, Central Java, there has been an increase of depression in the last 5 years. Purwodadi Subdistrict depends on the number of orders with the highest number of traffic cases and the elderly.Objective: To determine the correlation between depression level and the risk of suicide.Methods: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design in which all respondents were observed and variables were measured at one time. Samples were taken from elderly outpatient of primary health care and Posyandu lansia at Purwodadi, who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. Research samples were selected based on nonprobability sampling method through purposive sampling. This research used the Indonesian version of the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) and CSSRS (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of elderly depression is 63.3%, and a significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide (p <0.05)Conclusion: significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide

scholarly journals Association between depressive symptoms and psychosocial factors and perception of maternal self-efficacy in teenage mothers

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Ma Asunción Lara ◽  
◽  
Pamela Patiño ◽  
Laura Navarrete ◽  
Zaira Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction. Teenage pregnancy is a national health priority. Having to deal with pregnancy during adolescence can cause the mother, at an already vulnerable age, to doubt her maternal capacity to cope with a challenge of this magnitude. The teenage mother’s assessment of her maternal self-efficacy is associated with her performance, in other words, the way she relates and responds to the needs of her infant, which has major implications for the latter’s development. Objective. To study the association between personal (depressive symptoms, self-esteem) and environmental characteristics (social support, partner satisfaction) and those of the infant (problems with infant care, the infants’s temperament) and the perception of maternal self-efficacy (PME) in adolescent mothers. Method. Cross-sectional study. The following instruments were applied: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Post-partum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), and Maternal Efficacy Questionnaire to 120 mothers under 20 during the first six months postpartum. Bivariate lineal regression and hierarchical linear regression analyses were used for the data analysis. Results. When adjusting for other variables, symptoms of depression and difficult infant temperament were associated with lower PME. Social support was only associated with increased PME in the bivariate analysis. Discussion and conclusion. These findings contribute to the limited literature on the subject and provide elements for designing strategies to improve adolescent mothers’ PME to encourage behaviors that are more relevant and sensitive to infants’ physical and emotional needs.

scholarly journals Volume and shape of subcortical grey matter structures related to headache: A cross-sectional population-based imaging study in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kattem Husøy ◽  
Carl Pintzka ◽  
Live Eikenes ◽  
Asta K Håberg ◽  
Knut Hagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subcortical Nuclei

Background The relationship between subcortical nuclei and headache is unclear. Most previous studies were conducted in small clinical migraine samples. In the present population-based MRI study, we hypothesized that headache sufferers exhibit reduced volume and deformation of the nucleus accumbens compared to non-sufferers. In addition, volume and deformation of the amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen and thalamus were examined. Methods In all, 1006 participants (50–66 years) from the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Survey, were randomly selected to undergo a brain MRI at 1.5 T. Volume and shape of the subcortical nuclei from T1 weighted 3D scans were obtained in FreeSurfer and FSL. The association with questionnaire-based headache categories (migraine and tension-type headache included) was evaluated using analysis of covariance. Individuals not suffering from headache were used as controls. Age, sex, intracranial volume and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used as covariates. Results No effect of headache status on accumbens volume and shape was present. Exploratory analyses showed significant but small differences in volume of caudate and putamen and in putamen shape between those with non-migrainous headache and the controls. A post hoc analysis showed that caudate volume was strongly associated with white matter hyperintensities. Conclusion We did not confirm our hypothesis that headache sufferers have smaller volume and different shape of the accumbens compared to non-sufferers. No or only small differences in volume and shape of subcortical nuclei between headache sufferers and non-sufferers appear to exist in the general population.

scholarly journals Religious Coping, Religiosity, Depression and Anxiety among Medical Students in a Multi-Religious Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedict Francis ◽  
Jesjeet Gill ◽  
Ng Yit Han ◽  
Chiara Petrus ◽  
Fatin Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Religious Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Medical students are vulnerable to depression and anxiety due to the nature of their academic life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among medical students and the association between religious coping, religiosity and socio-demographic factors with anxiety and depressive symptoms. A cross sectional design was used for this study. Scales used were the Malay version of the Duke Religious Index (DUREL-M), the Malay version of the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE) and the Malay version Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS-M). 622 students participated in this study. They scored moderately on the organized (mean: 3.51) and non-organized religious (mean: 3.85) subscales of the DUREL, but had high intrinsic religiosity (mean: 12.18). The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 4.7% and 17.4% respectively, which is lower than local as well as international data. Islam, negative religious coping and the presence of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. Only the presence of anxiety symptoms was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Negative religious coping, rather than positive religious coping, has significant association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Redirecting focus towards negative religious coping is imperative to boost mental health outcomes among medical students.

Pathways Between Acculturation and Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Y. Miranda ◽  
Hector M. González ◽  
Wassim Tarraf
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between acculturation and functional health using multiple proxies of acculturation to examine explanatory pathways to clarify disparate health findings. A population-based cross-sectional, multistage probability sample from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly ( N = 3,050) was used. The dependent variables of neuropsychiatric function were depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D]) and cognitive function (mini-mental state examination [MMSE]) examined in separate multivariable regression and structural equation models to examine the pathways between acculturation proxies and neuropsychiatric function. Findings indicated that three acculturation proxies were associated with cognitive function but none were associated with depressive symptoms. English proficiency fully mediated the associations between other acculturation proxies and cognitive function. The findings suggest that language plays a central role in the pathway between acculturation and health among Mexican-origin populations.

The Short Demoralization Scale (SDS): A new tool to appraise demoralization in palliative care patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Galiana ◽  
David Rudilla ◽  
Amparo Oliver ◽  
Pilar Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brief Assessment ◽  
Palliative Care Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The One ◽  
Demoralization Scale

ABSTRACTObjective:The Demoralization Scale (DS) is the most widely used measure for assessing demoralization. Following the recent clamor for brief assessment tools, and taking into account that demoralization has proved to be a symptom that needs to be controlled and treated in the palliative care setting, a shorter scale is needed. The aim of the present research is to introduce and evaluate the Short Demoralization Scale (SDS).Method:We employed a cross-sectional design that included a survey of 226 Spanish palliative care patients from the Hospital General Universitario de Valencia. We employed the SDS, the DS, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Results:The confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor structure of the SDS (χ2(5) = 12.915; p = 0.024; CFI = 0.999; RMSEA = 0.084; CI95% = [0.028, 0.141]). The reliability was found to be appropriate, with a value of Cronbach's alpha (α) equal to 0.920. A cutoff criterion of 10 was established, which favored the interpretability of the instrument.Significance of results:The SDS corrects previous limitations, has a simple scoring system, is cost-effective, and is widely and fully available. In addition, our findings demonstrate that the SDS can be employed effectively in the clinical context.

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