Effects of co-exposure to lead and zinc on redox status, kidney variables, and histopathology in adult albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlem Soussi ◽  
Manel Gargouri ◽  
Abdelfattah El Feki
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Wide Range

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal that induces a wide range of biochemical and physiological effects in humans. Oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in Pb toxicity. The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activities of zinc (Zn) supplement against lead acetate–induced kidney injury in rats. In this study, adults male rats were treated for 15 days with Pb (0.344 g/kg body weight (bw)) associated or not with Zn (10 mg/kg bw). Our study showed that supplementation with Zn prevented renal dysfunction as indicated by plasma biomarkers (urea, uric acid, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase levels) and oxidative stress–related parameters (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl, advanced oxidation protein product, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and vitamins (A, E)) in kidney tissue. The corrective effect of Zn on Pb-induced kidney nephrotoxicity recovered normal kidney histology. Overall, this study indicates that Zn alleviated the toxic effects of this heavy metal on renal tissue, suggesting its role as a potential antioxidant and nephroprotective agent.

scholarly journals Equisetum arvense L. Extract Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Testicular Injury Induced by Methotrexate in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Ahlam A. Alahmadi ◽  
Eman A. Abduljawad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Equisetum Arvense ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Wide Range

Methotrexate (MTX) is a cytotoxic drug used to treat a wide range of cancers and non-cancerous conditions. However, it can cause unfavorable acute toxic effects in several organs, including the testis.  Equisetum arvense L. (E. arvense) extract is effective in counteracting oxidative stress-related disorders. This study assessed the preventive effect of E. arvense extract against MTX-induced testicular toxicity. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to analyze the active constituents of E. arvense extract. Testicular toxicity was induced via MTX injection (0.5 mg/kg/ twice a week for 4 weeks). Forty male albino rats were divided into 4 groups: I- control (Cont); II: MTX; III: E. arvense (500 mg/kg/daily for 10 weeks); and IV: E. arvense + MTX. E. arvense main active constituents were squalane (15%), ascorbic acid per methyl (9.55%), phytol (8.69%), 2-pyrroline 1,2-dimethyl (8.63%), and octacosane (8.23%). Treatment of MTX injected rats with E. arvense produced a significant rise in body weight, serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone. E. arvense significantly increased the sperm counts, viability, and motility relative to the MTX injected rats. The levels of testicular oxidative stress and inflammation significantly reduced in the MTX rats treated with E. arvense. Furthermore, E. arvense markedly improved the testicular tissue and seminiferous tubules’ pathologic features in MTX-treated rats. E. arvense significantly decreased lipid peroxidation products, interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha while increasing superoxide dismutase levels.  E. arvense prevented MTX-induced testicular damage via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Toxicological effects of thimerosal on rat kidney: a histological and biochemical study

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. U. Ijaz ◽  
S. A. Majeed ◽  
A. Asharaf ◽  
T. Ali ◽  
K. A. Al-Ghanim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

Abstract Thimerosal is an organomercurial compound, which is used in the preparation of intramuscular immunoglobulin, antivenoms, tattoo inks, skin test antigens, nasal products, ophthalmic drops, and vaccines as a preservative. In most of animal species and humans, the kidney is one of the main sites for mercurial compounds deposition and target organs for toxicity. So, the current research was intended to assess the thimerosal induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were categorized into four groups. The first group was a control group. Rats of Group-II, Group-III, and Group-IV were administered with 0.5µg/kg, 10µg/kg, and 50µg/kg of thimerosal once a day, respectively. Thimerosal administration significantly decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), and protein content while increased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels dose-dependently. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, urobilinogen, urinary proteins, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were substantially increased. In contrast, urinary albumin and creatinine clearance was reduced dose-dependently in thimerosal treated groups. The results demonstrated that thimerosal significantly increased the inflammation indicators including nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activities, DNA and histopathological damages dose-dependently. So, the present findings ascertained that thimerosal exerted nephrotoxicity in male albino rats.

Cardioprotective Effects of Diet with Different Grains on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidative System in Obesity-Induced Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kim ◽  
H. Shin ◽  
S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Male Rats

In the present study, the nutritional quality of four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) were evaluated in terms of plasma lipid parameters, gut transit time, and thickness of the aortic wall in rats. The rats were then raised for 4 weeks on the high-fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93 G) diets containing 1 % cholesterol and 20 % dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into 4 groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the following grains: WR, AD, BW, or WB. The level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in liver was shown to be higher in rats by the order of those fed WR, AD, GB, and BW. This indicates that other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group (p < 0.05). Plasma lipid profiles differed significantly according to grain combination, and decreased aortic wall thickness was consistent with the finding of decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05) and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in rats fed AD, BW, and GB (p < 0.001). The antioxidant and hypolipidemic capacities of grains are quite high, especially those of adlay, buckwheat, and glutinous barley. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the whole grains had a cardioprotective effect. This effect was related to several mechanisms that corresponded to lowering plasma lipids, decreasing TBARS, and increasing antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals P0529THE DIFFERENCE IN DIETARY RESTRICTION-INDUCED NEPHROPROTECTIVE MECHANISMS IN YOUNG AND OLD ANIMALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezda Andrianova ◽  
Ljubava Zorova ◽  
Irina Pevzner ◽  
Vasily Popkov ◽  
Denis Silachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Kidney Slices ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Old Rats

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a widespread disease affecting mostly old people. Dietary restriction (DR), based on the reduction of food intake, is believed to be one of the most efficient approaches ameliorating damage in different pathological conditions including age-associated diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective mechanisms of DR in the model of AKI in young and old rats. Method All experiments were made on young (3-4 months) and old (22-24 months) male rats. DR was performed by limiting the amount of food for 35% of the ad libitum (AL) daily intake. Since earlier, we showed ineffectiveness of 4-weeks DR in old rats, in this study we applied 35% DR lasting 8 weeks for old rats and 4 weeks for young rats. During DR, we registered the weight loss and measured the level of adiponectin, as this hormone is closely associated with adipose tissue metabolism. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) was used as a model of ischemic AKI. I/R was performed by clamping the left renal pedicle for 40 minutes followed by reperfusion with simultaneous contralateral nephrectomy. The severity of AKI was evaluated by measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and the levels of protein biomarkers of AKI (NGAL and L-FABP) in urine. Proliferation in kidney epithelium in response to I/R was analyzed by PCNA protein level in kidney tissue. We evaluated the function of mitochondria by measuring TMRE/MitoTracker Green ratio in vital kidney slices; in kidney homogenates, we also analyzed levels of Bcl-XL and Bcl-XS proteins. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by staining vital kidney slices with DCF. The content of lipid peroxidation products was measured using Image-iT Lipid Peroxidation Kit, and the level of carbonylated proteins was determined by OxyBlot Protein Oxidation Detection Kit. The activation of autophagic-lysosomal system was estimated by western blotting to LC3 II/LC3 I ratio and LAMP1 level, as well as by staining vital kidney slices with LysoTracker Green probe. Results The body weight of rats during DR dropped as far as 20% by the end of 4 weeks in young rats and 30% by the end of 8 weeks in old rats. Nevertheless, adiponectin concentration elevated during DR only in the serum of young rats. DR strongly influenced mitochondria function, in particular, elevated mitochondrial membrane potential both in kidney cells of young and old rats. DR also resulted in increasing the Bcl-XL level. We revealed the decrease of ROS and lipid peroxidation products in vital kidney slices, but only in kidneys of young rats. However, DR reduced the content of carbonyl groups more than 2 times in animals of both ages. We showed that activation of autophagy in response to DR and I/R occurred only in the kidneys of young rats, indicating deterioration of autophagy signaling in old animals. We also found that 48 h after I/R PCNA level increased 19 times in young kidney, although old rats showed only 4-fold elevation of kidney cells proliferation. Estimation of kidney injury markers (NGAL, L-FABP) in urine revealed that 2-month DR led to some protection in old rats. Nonetheless, despite all positive alterations in kidney tissue of old rats, DR was not able to ameliorate impairment of kidney function after I/R, whereas all young rats showed significant improvement of SCr and BUN levels. Conclusion Short-term DR has a significant nephroprotective effect against renal I/R in young rats. Old animals require longer periods of food restriction, after which some protective alterations are observed. We propose, protection of kidney in old and young rats is implemented through slightly different mechanisms and some of them are missing in old animals.

scholarly journals The Effect of Superoxide Dismutase on Inhibition of Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Sepsis Based on Kidney Tissue Histology and Murine Sepsis Score

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jufitriani Ismy ◽  
Maimun Syukri ◽  
Dessy R. Emril ◽  
Nanan Sekarwana ◽  
Jufriady Ismy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sepsis Score

Sepsis is one of the leading causes contributing to the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). Oxidative stress can be used as the main approach against sepsis-induced AKI. One of the primary antioxidants that plays a role in warding off oxidative stress is superoxide dismutase (SOD). This research aimed to observe the effect of antioxidant SOD in inhibiting sepsis in AKI based on kidney tissue histopathology. The research method was an experimental laboratory with a post-test-only control group design. Twenty-five adult male rats aged 12–16 weeks, weighing between 200 and 250 g, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, as a positive control, where rats were injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS); Group II, as a negative control; Group III, as treatment 1, where rats were injected with LPS and administered orally with SOD (Glisodin®) 250 IU daily; Group IV, as treatment 2, where rats were injected with LPS and administered orally with SOD (Glisodin®) 500 IU daily; and Group V, as treatment 2, where rats were injected with LPS and administered orally with SOD (Glisodin®) 1000 IU daily. Rats were administered with SOD (Glisodin®) by oral gavage with a flexible feeding tube for 16 weeks, given once daily in the morning, and then injected with LPS of 10 mg/kg body weight. Glisodin SOD had a significant effect on murine sepsis score (MSS). MSS influenced the tubular injury score linearly. We conclude that the optimal dose of SOD at 1000 IU for inhibiting sepsis-induced AKI incidence is compared to SOD at a dose of 250 and 500 IU. The antioxidant effect of SOD can prevent sepsis-induced AKI with oxidative stress events.

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and expression of kidney injury molecule 1 in the rat model

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Özlem Öztopuz ◽  
◽  
Hakan Türkön ◽  
Müşerref Hilal Şehitoğlu ◽  
Başak Büyük ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Tnf Α

In recent years, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy has been considered as an effective method for the treatment of gentamicin (GM)-induced renal toxicity. However, the findings related to the use of HBO2 for GM toxicity are limited and contradictory. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective role of HBO2 on GM-induced nephrotoxicity. For this purpose, Wistar albino rats (n=28) were randomly divided into four equal groups: C, HBO2, GM and GM+HBO2. GM (100 mg/kg, ip) and HBO2 were applied over seven days. On the eighth day blood and kidney tissue samples were harvested. The albumin, creatinine, and urea levels were determined from serum samples. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) values were analyzed spectrophotometrically. The relative expression level of TNF-α, IL-1β and Kim-1 gene were determined by qRT-PCR assays; histopathologic investigation was completed in kidney tissue samples. Serum urea, albumin and creatinine levels significantly increased in the GM group compared to the GM+HBO2 group. For antioxidant parameters the GM+HBO2 group was not statistically different from the C group but was significantly different compared with the GM group. TNF-α, IL-1β and Kim-1 gene expression levels in the GM group were statistically increased compared to the GM+HBO2 group (p=0.015, p=0.024, p=0.004) respectively. Severe tubular necrosis, epithelial desquamation and mild peritubular hemorrhage were observed in the GM-administrated group, while HBO2 exposure ameliorated these alterations. In conclusion, HBO2 exposure may be defined as a potential method for the prevention of GM-induced renal toxicity.

Carbendazim-induced haematological, biochemical and histopathological changes to the liver and kidney of male rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Selmanoğlu ◽  
N Barlas ◽  
S Songür ◽  
E A Koçskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Mononuclear Cell Infiltration ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Mean Cell Hemoglobin

Carbendazim is a systemic broad-spectrum fungicide controlling a wide range of pathogens. It is also used as a preservative in paint, textile, papermaking and leather industry, as well as a preservative of fruits. In the present study, carbendazim was administered at 0, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg per day doses orally to male rats (Rattus rattus) for 15 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples, liver and kidney tissues of each animal were taken. Serum enzyme activities, and haematological and biochemical parameters were analysed. In toxicological tests, 600 mg/kg per day doses of carbendazim caused an increase of albumin, glucose, creatinine and cholesterol levels. Also, at the same doses, white blood cell and lymphocyte counts decreased. However, mean cell hemoglobin and mean cell hemoglobin concentrations increased. Histopathological examinations revealed congestion, an enlargement of the sinusoids, an increase in the number of Kupffer cells, mononuclear cell infiltration and hydropic degeneration in the liver. At the highest doses, congestion, mononuclear cell infiltration, tubular degeneration and fibrosis were observed in the kidney tissue. These results indicate that 300 and 600 mg/kg per day carbendazim affected the liver and kidney tissue and caused some changes on haematological and biochemical parameters of rats.

scholarly journals Involvement of S100A8/A9-TLR4-NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexian Tan ◽  
Xiaohe Zheng ◽  
Zena Huang ◽  
Jiaqiong Lin ◽  
Chuli Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ros Generation

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a common cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI). S100A8/A9-TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway triggers inflammation, apoptosis and tissue injury in several AKI models. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of S100A8/A9-TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in CIKAI is not clear. We aimed to investigate the possible role of S100A8/A9-TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathophysiology of CIAKI. Methods: We treated male rats and NRK-52E cells by iopromide to establish in vivo and in vitro models of CIAKI. We collected serum and urine samples to detect renal function. We obtained kidney tissue for histological analysis and detection of protein concentration. We used inhibitor of TLR4 and NLRP3-siRNA to further testify their role in CIAKI in NRK-52E cells. Results: Iopromide caused elevation of SCr, BUN and NGAL level, decrease of endogenous creatinine clearance, morphological injury and tubular apoptosis, enhanced IL-1β and IL-18 expression, and increased expression of S100A8/A9, TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammsome. In NRK-52E cells, iopromide caused enhanced apoptotic rates and ROS generation, which could be ameliorated by inhibitor of TLR4 and NLRP3-siRNA. Moreover, inhibition of TLR4 dampened NLRP3 expression. Conclusion: S100A8/A9-TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway represented a key mechanism of CI-AKI, which provided a potential therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Renoprotective Effects of Origanum majorana Methanolic L and Carvacrol on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Kidney Injury in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Izadpanah Gheitasi ◽  
Arsalan Azizi ◽  
Navid Omidifar ◽  
Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Origanum Majorana

Background. The most important cause of acute renal failure in normal kidneys is ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effects of Origanum majorana (OM) methanolic extract, carvacrol, and vitamin E on I/R-induced kidney injury in male rats. Material and Method. Thirty Wistar male rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups; sham, I/R, I/R + OM (300 mg/kg), I/R + carvacrol (75 mg/kg), and I/R + vitamin E (100 mg/kg). Renal function markers, oxidant-antioxidant parameters, and histopathological examination were evaluated. Results. It was exhibited that the urea, creatinine, protein carbonyl, glomerular filtration rate, total thiol, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and histopathological changes markedly reversed in the treatment groups with OM or carvacrol in comparison to the I/R merely group. Conclusion. We conclude that OM extract or its ingredient, carvacrol, exerts renoprotective impacts in I/R-induced kidney injury possibly by scavenging free radicals and increasing antioxidant power.

scholarly journals Development of nutritional iron deficiency in growing male rats: haematological parameters, iron bioavailability and oxidative defence

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. M. Alférez ◽  
Javier Díaz-Castro ◽  
Inmaculada López-Aliaga ◽  
María Rodríguez-Ferrer ◽  
Luis Javier Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain

Despite Fe deficiency having been widely studied, the sequence of events in its development still remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of nutritional Fe-deficiency development on haematological parameters, Fe bioavailability and the enzymes involved in oxidative defence in recently weaned male Wistar albino rats. Control (C) and Fe-deficient (ID) groups were fed the AIN-93 G diet with a normal Fe level (45 mg/kg diet) or with a low Fe level (5 mg/kg diet), respectively, for 20, 30 or 40 d. At day 20 serum Fe, serum ferritin and the saturation of transferrin decreased drastically, decreasing further in the course of Fe-deficiency development for the saturation of transferrin. The development of Fe deficiency did not affect plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance production, or catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in erythrocyte cytosol. Fe deficiency diminished hepatic Fe content and CAT and GPx activities in hepatic cytosol only at day the 20. However, in spite of the minor Fe deposits in the brain of ID rats, the CAT and GPx activities in the brain cytosolic fraction did not differ in any of the studied periods v. control rats. These results show that brain is a tissue that does not seem to depend on Fe levels for the maintenance of antioxidant defence mechanisms in the course of nutritional Fe deficiency.

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