Design and fabrication of conductive nanofibrous scaffolds for neural tissue engineering: Process modeling via response surface methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Soleimani ◽  
Shohreh Mashayekhan ◽  
Hossein Baniasadi ◽  
Ahmad Ramazani ◽  
Mohamadhasan Ansarizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Cell Compatibility ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Pump Flow Rate

Peripheral nervous system in contrary to central one has the potential for regeneration, but its regrowth requires proper environmental conditions and supporting growth factors. The aim of this study is to design and fabricate a conductive polyaniline/graphene nanoparticles incorporated gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds suitable for peripheral nervous system regeneration. The scaffolds were fabricated with electrospinning and the fabrication process was designed with Design-Expert software via response surface methodology. The effect of process parameters including applied voltage (kV), syringe pump flow rate (cm3/h), and PAG concentration (wt%), on the scaffold conductivity, nanofibers diameter, and cell viability were investigated. The obtained results showed that the scaffold conductivity and cell viability are affected by polyaniline/graphene concentration while nanofiber diameter is more affected by the applied voltage and syringe pump flow rate. Optimum scaffold with maximum conductivity (0.031 ± 0.0013 S/cm) and cell compatibility and suitable diameter were electrospun according to the software introduced values for the process parameters (voltage of 13 kV, flow rate of 0.1 cm3/h, and PAG wt.% of 1.3) and its morphology, cell compatibility, and biodegradability were further investigated, which showed its potential for applying in peripheral nervous system injury regeneration.

scholarly journals Effect of Process Parameters on Organic Micro Patterns Fabricated on a Flexible Substrate Using the Near-Field Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Writing Method

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhou Chen ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
Libing Zhang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Xiaowei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Micro Pattern ◽  
Mixed Material ◽  
Micro Patterns

A micro pattern is a key component of various functional devices. In the present study, using the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) mixed material as the direct-writing solution and photographic paper as the flexible insulating substrate, the organic micro patterns of various shapes, such as the curve of the second-order self-similar structure, the helical curve, and the wave curve, were fabricated on the flexible insulating substrate by using the near-field electrohydrodynamic direct-writing method. The effects of process parameters, such as the applied voltage, direct-writing height, flow rate of the injection system, and moving velocity of the substrate, on the width and the conductivity of the organic micro patterns were studied in the near-field electrohydrodynamic direct-writing process. The results show that the width of an organic micro pattern increases with the increase of the applied voltage of the high-voltage power supplier and the flow rate of the injection system under the condition where the three other process parameters remained constant, respectively, while the width of an organic micro pattern decreases with the increase of the direct-writing height and the moving velocity of the flexible substrate, respectively. The fabricated organic microcircuit patterns of the natural drying in air at room temperature were tested by a thin film thermoelectric tester at a detection temperature. The results show that the conductivity of a fabricated organic micro pattern decreases with the increase of the electric field intensity, while the effect of moving velocity and the flow rate on the conductivity is small under the condition where the three other process parameters remained constant.

scholarly journals Microfiltration of wheat starch suspensions using multichannel ceramic membrane

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Ikonic ◽  
Zoltan Zavargo ◽  
Aleksandar Jokic ◽  
Zita Seres ◽  
Gyula Vatai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Flux Decline

This work investigates influence of different process parameters such as transmembrane pressure, flow rate and concentration of wheat starch suspension on the average permeate flux and permeate flux decline. Used membrane in all experiments was 19 channels ceramic membrane with 0.2 ?m pore size. Experimental results were analyzed using response surface methodology. It is observed that the significant average permeate flux enhancement of 200% was achieved by the increase of the transmembrane pressure, while the increase of flow rate and concentration affected the increase in average permeate flux in the range of 40-100%. Permeate flux decline was almost independent of the transmembrane pressure, but the increase of the flow rate, as well as the decrease of the concentration led to decrease of permeate flux decline in the range of 20-50%.

Influence of process parameters on the characteristics of electrohydrodynamic-printed UV-curing conductive lines on the fabric

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Guo ◽  
Hu Jiyong ◽  
Xiong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Property ◽  
Line Width ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Printing Process

Abstract As a similar technology to the near-field static electrospinning, the emerging electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology with digital printing process and compatibility of viscous particle-blended inks is one of the simplest methods of fabricating multifunctional electronic textiles.With increasing demands for textile-based conductive lines with controllable width and excellent electrical performance, it’s of great importance to know the influence of key process parameters on the morphology and electrical properties of EHD-printed UV-curing conductive lines on the fabric. This work will systematically explore the effect of the EHD printing process parameters (i.e. applied voltage, direct-writing height, flow rate and moving velocity of the substrate) on the morphology and electrical performance of the EHD-printed textile-based conductive lines, especially focus on the diffusion and penetration of inks on the rough and porous fabric. The UV-curing nano-silver ink with low temperature and fast curing features was selected, and the line width and electrical resistance of printed lines under different process parameters were observed and measured. The results showed that, unlike previous results about EHD printing on smooth and impermeable substrates, the ink diffusion related to fabric textures had a greater effect on the fabric-based conductive line width than the applied voltage and direct-writing height in the case of a stable jet. Meanwhile, the relationship between the line width and the flow rate met the equation of = 407.28 ∗ 1⁄2 , and the minimum volume on fabric per millimeter was 0.67μL to form continuous line with low electrical resistance. Additionally, the higher substrate moving velocity resulted in a smaller line width, while it deteriorated the thickness uniformity and electrical property of printed lines. Generally, due to the effect of surface structure of the fabric on the spreading and penetrating behavior of inks, the flow rate and the substrate moving velocity are two significant parameters ensuring the electrical property of printed lines. It is believed that these findings will provide some guides for applying electrohydrodynamic printing technology into flexible electronics on the woven fabric.

scholarly journals The effect of process parameters on the electrospun polystyrene fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
BANCIU CRISTINA ◽  
BĂRA ADELA ◽  
CHIȚANU ELENA ◽  
MARINESCU VIRGIL ◽  
SBÂRCEA GABRIELA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Polymeric Product ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Small Pore

Electrospinning is one of the methods for obtaining nano/microfibers, using polymeric solutions. These nanofibrous membranes are highly porous with interconnected pores, having high specific surface area and small pore size, making them a suitable candidate for filtration applications. The properties of electrospun fibers are influenced by polymer solution, solvent, solution concentration, viscosity, electrical conductivity, electrical voltage, spinneret to collector distance etc. Expanded polystyrene is a polymeric product that is usually used for insulation and packaging. Recycling expanded polystyrene into nanofibers with applications in filtration could be useful from an economic point of view. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of expanded polystyrene polymer solution characteristics (concentration, viscosity) and the process parameters (applied voltage, distance between the tip and the collector plate, flow rate of the polymer solution) on the morphology and the properties of the obtained electrospun fibers. Therefore, three EPS solutions with 10, 15 and 20% wt. concentration were prepared and were electrospun under processing conditions with an applied voltage of 12, 15 and 18 kV, a spinneret-to-collector distance of 20 cm, a flow rate of solution of 1.5 and 2 mL/hour, a spinneret diameter of 0.8 mm and stationary copper substrate. The morphology of the electrospun fibers was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile strength and elongation tests.

scholarly journals Fabrication of PVA/Carbon-Based Nanofibers Using Electrospinning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gatut Yudoyono ◽  
Diky Anggoro ◽  
Lutfi Fitria Ningsih ◽  
Rizki Romadoni
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Fiber Spinning ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Pump Flow Rate ◽  
Small Pore

Nanofibers are widely used in various fields, including water filtration. In the development of nanofibers as water filtration, a mixture of carbon in a polymer solution is often used. Nanofibers can be made by several methods such as multicomponent fiber spinning techniques, melt blowing, electrospinning. Electrospinning is currently a simple development method but can produce nanofibers with a small fiber diameter, it is easy to develop and many parameters can be controlled. Parameters that affect the results of the nanofibers that are formed include flow rate or syringe pump flow rate and high voltage dc high voltage. Various types of nanofibers can be produced from various types of polymers, both natural polymers and synthetic polymers. Generally, because they have properties and characteristics such as high surface area, small pore size, and the possibility to be developed in various applications. Therefore, this chapter discusses the electrospinning of carbon nanofibers using PVA polymer.

scholarly journals Prediction of Optimum Weld Tensile Strength Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
C. E. Etin-Osa ◽  
L. M. Ebhota
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Gas Flow Rate

Metals are often subjected to various types of stresses, usually under tensile stress, quick failure of material can be encouraged especially when poor combinations of process parameters are employed in joining of the material. Tensile strength is regarded as the maximum stress that a material can sustain under tension. The aim of this study is to predict the weld tensile strength of tungsten inert gas (TIG) mild steel welds using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), with the purpose of achieving optimum results. The input parameters considered were current, voltage, and gas flow rate. The TIG welding process was used to join two pieces of mild steel plates, after which tensile test was conducted on the specimen. The experimental result was analyzed using the RSM. Weld Tensile test of 596.218MPa with a desirability value of 95.70% was observed to be the best, resulting from the optimized process parameters of current of 120.00 Amp, voltage of 20.00 volt and gas flow rate of 12.00 L/min.

Effect of Applied Voltage on Polymer Aggregation in Electrospraying of Thermoplastic Polymer

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2522-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Jadhav ◽  
Li Jing Wang ◽  
Rajiv Padhye
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymer ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Polymer Liquids ◽  
Polymeric Solutions ◽  
Uniform Droplets

In an electrospraying process, the polymer solution interacts with the electric field. Charged polymeric solutions causing polymer liquids to move, break into drops or spray into fine droplets. Electrospraying has the ability to generate very small & uniform droplets of polymeric solution. It is envisaged that electrospraying is a promising technology to coat a polymer on surface at submicron range. The polymer aggregation is important while coating. The process parameters including applied voltage, nozzle-collector distance, solution flow rate, and solution concentration play an important role in polymer droplets aggregation on surface. This research paper investigates the effect of applied voltage on aggregation of polymer droplets.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

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