Injection-molded PP composites reinforced with talc and nanoclay for automotive applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1478-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Nofar ◽  
Elif Ozgen ◽  
Burcu Girginer
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Two Alternatives

In this study, a commercially available polypropylene (PP) copolymer with 30-wt% talc was used as a reference material. Two different PP copolymers with 30- and 20-wt% talc were also taken as alternatives. Despite the reference PP compound, the other two alternatives are still under development and never used for the production of any exterior trim part in automotive industry. These three PP compounds were injection molded with fixed mold and barrel temperatures. Then, the samples were molded at different mold and barrel temperatures to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of the final product. Finally, the effect of addition of 1-, 3- and 5-wt% nanoclay on the final properties of the PP with 20-wt% talc was explored. Differential scanning calorimeter was used to analyze the crystallization behavior of the samples. Tensile, bending, and Izod and Charpy impact tests were performed on these samples. Heat deflection temperatures and Vicat softening points were also measured. The X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to see the dispersion of the nanoclay in the PP matrix.

Research on compatibility and surface of high impact bio-based polyamide

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832110055
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yuhui Zhang ◽  
Yuhan Xu ◽  
Xiucai Liu ◽  
Weihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
High Impact ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The super-tough bio-based nylon was prepared by melt extrusion. In order to improve the compatibility between bio-based nylon and elastomer, the elastomer POE was grafted with maleic anhydride. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) were used to study the compatibility and micro-distribution between super-tough bio-based nylon and toughened elastomers. The results of mechanical strength experiments show that the 20% content of POE-g-MAH has the best toughening effect. After toughening, the toughness of the super-tough nylon was significantly improved. The notched impact strength was 88 kJ/m2 increasing by 1700%, which was in line with the industrial super-tough nylon. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the crystallization behavior of bio-based PA56, and the effect of bio-based PA56 with high crystallinity on mechanical properties was analyzed from the microstructure.

scholarly journals Multiscale Copper-µDiamond Nanostructured Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
Daniela Nunes ◽  
Vanessa Livramento ◽  
Horácio Fernandes ◽  
Carlos Silva ◽  
Nobumitsu Shohoji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Copper ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Transmission Electron

Nanostructured copper-diamond composites can be tailored for thermal management applications at high temperature. A novel approach based on multiscale diamond dispersions is proposed for the production of this type of materials: a Cu-nDiamond composite produced by high-energy milling is used as a nanostructured matrix for further dispersion of micrometer sized diamond. The former offers strength and microstructural thermal stability while the latter provides high thermal conductivity. A series of Cu-nDiamond mixtures have been milled to define the minimum nanodiamond fraction suitable for matrix refinement and thermal stabilization. A refined matrix with homogenously dispersed nanoparticles could be obtained with 4 at.% nanodiamond for posterior mixture with mDiamond and subsequent consolidation. In order to define optimal processing parameters, consolidation by hot extrusion has been carried out for a Cu-nDiamond composite and, in parallel, for a mixture of pure copper and mDiamond. The materials produced were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and microhardness measurements.

A Study on Nanocrystalline Nickel Parts Prepared by Jet Electrodeposition

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Jin Song Chen ◽  
Yin Hui Huang ◽  
Bin Qiao ◽  
Jian Ming Yang ◽  
Yi Qiang He
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Nanocrystalline Nickel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Jet Electrodeposition ◽  
Fine Grained Structure

The principles of jet electrodeposition orientated by rapid prototyping were introduced. The nanocrystalline nickel parts with simple shape were fabricated using jet electrodeposition. The microstructure and phase transformation of nanocrystalline nickel were observed under the scanning microscope and X-ray diffraction instrument. The results show that the jet electrodeposition can greatly enhance the limited current density, fine crystalline particles and improve deposition quality. The nickel parts prepared by jet electrodeposition own a fine-grained structure (average grain size 25.6nm) with a smooth surface and high dimensional accuracy under the optimum processing parameters.

scholarly journals Kaolinite-Magnesite or Kaolinite–Talc-Based Ceramics. Part II: Microstructure and the Final Properties Related Sintered Tapes

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Aghiles Hammas ◽  
Gisèle Lecomte-Nana ◽  
Imane Daou ◽  
Nicolas Tessier-Doyen ◽  
Claire Peyratout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kaolinitic Clay

In recent decades, talc and kaolinite have been widely used as raw materials for the ceramic industry. In this study, the final characteristics of kaolinitic clay mixed with 6 mass% of magnesite obtained in our previous work were compared with those obtained with mixtures of kaolin (kaolin BIP) and talc (as the source of magnesium oxide). However, different amounts of talc in the kaolin powder were studied, namely 10, 30, and 50 mass% of added talc (with respect to kaolin + talc). The tape casting process was used during this work in order to manufacture the green tapes in an aqueous system with 0.2 mass% of dispersant. Subsequently, the green tapes were heated to 1000 and 1100 °C with a dwelling time of 12 min. The green and sintering tapes were characterized using the following techniques: DTA/TG, X-ray diffraction, porosity, and flexural strength analyses. The results obtained from our previous work indicate that the specimen with 6 mass% of MgCO3 sintered at 1200 °C for 3 h exhibited the best performances, with high flexural strength and weak porosity value—117 MPa and 27%—respectively. As results from this study, the optimal mechanical and thermal properties of sintering tapes were obtained for the specimen with 10 mass% of added talc sintered at 1100 °C. Indeed, this specimen exhibited 50 MPa and 43% of stress to rupture and apparent porosity, respectively.

scholarly journals Grafting Hyperbranched Polymers onto TiO2 Nanoparticles via Thiol-yne Click Chemistry and Its Effect on the Mechanical, Thermal and Surface Properties of Polyurethane Coating

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhan ◽  
Lei Xiong ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Chenying Li
Keyword(s):  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers ◽  
Nanocomposite Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Modified

In this study, we proposed a novel and facile method to modify the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles and investigated the influence of the surface-modified TiO2 nanoparticles as an additive in a polyurethane (PU) coating. The hyperbranched polymers (HBP) were grafted on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles via the thiol-yne click chemistry to reduce the aggregation of nanoparticles and increase the interaction between TiO2 and polymer matrices. The grafting of HBP on the TiO2 nanoparticles surface was investigated by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposite coatings containing various amounts of TiO2 nanoparticles were measured by dynamic mechanical thermal (DMTA) and tensile strength measurement. Moreover, the surface structure and properties of the newly prepared nanocomposite coatings were examined. The experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of the surface-modified TiO2 nanoparticles can improve the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposite coatings. The results also reveal that the surface modification of TiO2 with the HBP chains improves the nanoparticle dispersion, and the coating surface shows a lotus leaf-like microstructure. Thus, the functional nanocomposite coatings exhibit superhydrophobic properties, good photocatalytic depollution performance, and high stripping resistance.

Structure and properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/poly(L-lactic acid) quasi core/sheath melt-electrospun microfibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 1770-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaizhong Xu ◽  
Benedict Bauer ◽  
Masaki Yamamoto ◽  
Hideki Yamane
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

A facile route was proposed to fabricate core–sheath microfibers, and the relationships among processing parameters, crystalline structures and the mechanical properties were investigated. The compression molded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) strip enhanced the spinnability of PHBH and the mechanical properties of PLLA as well. The core–sheath ratio of the fibers was determined by the prefab strip, while the PLLA sheath component did not completely cover the PHBH core component due to the weak interfacial tension between the melts of PHBH and PLLA. A rotational target was applied to collect aligned fibers, which were further drawn in a water bath. The tensile strength and the modulus of as-spun and drawn fibers increased with increasing the take-up velocities. When the take-up velocity was above 500 m/min, the jet became unstable and started to break up at the tip of the Taylor cone, decreasing the mechanical properties of the fibers. The drawing process facilitated the crystallization of PLLA and PHBH, and the tensile strength and the modulus increased linearly with the increasing the draw ratio. The crystal information displayed from wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns and differential scanning calorimetry heating curves supported the results of the tensile tests.

Preparation of Organoclay for Polymeric Nanocomposites Membranes

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 899-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keila Machado Medeiros ◽  
Taciana Regina de Gouveia Silva ◽  
Luana Rodrigues Kojuch ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Contact Area ◽  
Bentonite Clays

Bentonites are the most used fillers in the development of nanocomposites, due to their characteristics that provide nanosized particles, contributing to a large contact area between the clay and the polymer. In general, the additions of small amounts of organoclay improve the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites. Bentonite clays and organoclays were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry (TG). The results of XRF, XRD and FTIR confirmed the presence of quaternary ammonium salt in the organoclay structure. From TG, it was observed that the organoclay showed better thermal stability when compared with bentonite clay.

Crystallization Characteristics Of Phase Change Nanoparticle Arrays Fabricated By Self-Assembly Based Lithography

2008 ◽  
Vol 1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Simone Raoux ◽  
Daniel Krebs ◽  
Leslie E. Krupp ◽  
Teya Topuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nanoparticle Arrays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanodot Arrays ◽  
Patterned Materials

ABSTRACTPhase change nanodot arrays were fabricated using self-assembly diblock copolymer template PS-b-PMMA (polystyrene-poly (methyl-methacrylate)) and studied by time resolved X-ray diffraction. The size of the nanodots was less than 15nm in diameter with 40nm spacing. This method is quite flexible regarding the patterned materials, and can be used on different substrates. The crystallization behavior of small scale phase change nanodot arrays was studied for different materials, such as Ge15Sb85, Ge2Sb2Te5 and Ag and In doped Sb2Te. It was found that the nanodots had higher crystallization temperatures compared to their corresponding blanket films and crystallized over a broader temperature range.

Effects of Different Content of TiO2 on Crystallization Behavior and Properties of Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 Glass-Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Xiu Quan Zhao ◽  
Zheng Cao ◽  
Yu Teng Wu ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Chang Jiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Different Content

Glass-ceramic materials of the Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 system, with various amounts of TiO2 added, have been prepared. The appropriate heat treatment temperatures were selected according to the information provided by the differential thermal analysis (DTA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that in the LZS glass-ceramics system, the main phases are Li2ZnSiO4, cristobalite, tridymite and quartz. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that crystals appear as lamellar and spherical particles in the glass-ceramics samples. In addition, the average coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE) values first decreased, then increased and finally tended to flatten. When the content of TiO2 increased to 6%, the CTE value decreased to 9.15×10-6/K, reached the lowest value. When the content of TiO2 increased to 10%, the CTE value reached highest value 13.90×10-6/K.

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