Effects of Peritoneal Dialysis with an Overnight Icodextrin Dwell on Parameters of Glucose and LIPID Metabolism

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian J.H. Bredie ◽  
Frank H. Bosch ◽  
Pierre N.M. Demacker ◽  
Anton F.H. Stalenhoef ◽  
Robert Van Leusen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol

Objective To examine whether a reduced daily glucose load by overnight application of the less-absorbed glucose polymer icodextrin would have favorable effects on lipid profiles of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Study Design Randomized crossover study with two subsequent periods of 6 weeks. Setting Home PD unit of a secondary-care hospital. Patients Twenty-one nondiabetic CAPD patients (15 male, 6 female; mean age 50.3 ± 11.8 years). Intervention Participants were randomly assigned to receive an overnight dwell with either standard glucose solution or with a 7.5% icodextrin-containing solution. Main Outcome Measures Relation between reduction in the total amount of intraperitoneal infused glucose and parameters of glucose (plasma glucose, insulin, and HbA1C) and lipid metabolism [free fatty acids, plasma lip-ids, lipoproteins, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) sub-fraction profile]. Results After the icodextrin dwells, a reduction of plasma total cholesterol (from 5.43 ± 0.85 to 4.86 ± 0.70 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (from 3.38 ± 0.87 to 2.93 ± 0.73 mmol/L, p = 0.001) was observed. Also, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (from 0.95 ± 0.27 to 0.90 ± 0.24 mmol/L, p = 0.029) was reduced, but the plasma total cholesterol-to-HDL ratio remained similar. Plasma free fatty acids and triglyceride levels tended to decrease (from 0.16 ± 0.10 to 0.13 ± 0.08 mmol/L, p = 0.06, and from 2.14 ± 1.96 to 1.92 ± 1.03 mmol/L, respectively). Evaluation of LDL subfraction profiles after ultra-centrifugation showed a more buoyant LDL subfraction profile with fewer dense LDL particles in 6 patients and no changes in 14 patients after icodextrin. The effects on lipids were not accompanied by a decrease in fasting plasma glucose (from 5.76 ± 1.29 to 5.86 ± 0.80 mmol/L) or insulin levels (from 19.5 ± 14.4 to 20.3 ± 13.0 mU/L). Conclusion These results suggest a beneficial effect on lipid profiles of CAPD patients with the use of an overnight dwell with icodextrin.

Effects of Intravenous Calcitriol on Lipid Profiles and Glucose Tolerance in Uraemic Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Hua Lin ◽  
Yuh-Feng Lin ◽  
Kuo-Cheng Lu ◽  
Liang-Kuang Diang ◽  
Shoou-Hwa Chyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Apoprotein B ◽  
Glucose Curve

1. Secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure may contribute to abnormalities of lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance. Amelioration of secondary hyperparathyroidism has been reported to mitigate the hyperlipidaemia and improve glucose tolerance experimentally. 2. The effect of the partial suppression of hyperparathyroidism by intravenous calcitriol on lipid levels and glucose tolerance was studied in 15 haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. All received intravenous calcitriol 1 μg at the end of haemodialysis thrice weekly for eight weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test and plasma lipid profiles including triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein A-I and apoprotein B were determined simultaneously before and after eight weeks of therapy. 3. Before calcitriol treatment, uraemic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism displayed a significant higher triglyceride and a significant lower HDL-C and apoprotein A-I as well as marked glucose intolerance with an increment of the area below the glucose curve when compared with healthy control subjects. 4. After eight weeks of calcitriol treatment, there was a significant decrement in serum intact parathyroid hormone (476.45 ± 48.33 versus 191 37 ± 30.17 ng/l, P < 0.001) and plasma triglyceride (2.24 ± 0.34 versus 1.80 ± 0.29 mmol/l, P < 0.05) as well as a significant increment of plasma apoprotein A-I (38.13 ± 2.14 versus 44.19 ± 2.18 μmol/l, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant change in serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and apoprotein B. These patients also became more glucose tolerant with a significant decrease of the area below the glucose curve and a significant rise in the area under the insulin curve after glucose load. Furthermore, the insulinogenic index increased significantly. 5. It was concluded that in addition to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism may participate in the abnormal lipid metabolism, glucose tolerance and insulin secretion seen in dialysis patients and these abnormalities could be, at least in part, improved by intravenous calcitriol treatment.

scholarly journals Is Almond Consumption More Effective Than Reduced Dietary Saturated Fat at Decreasing Plasma Total Cholesterol and LDL-c Levels? A Theoretical Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy M. Ortiz ◽  
Steven Garcia ◽  
Arnold D. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change In Mean

Hypercholesterolemia can be a consequence of excessive dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA), while almond-supplemented diets can improve lipid profiles. However, the differential and independent impacts of dietary SFA and almondsupplemented diets on plasma total cholesterol (pTC) and low-density lipoprotein (pLDL-c) concentrations have not been directly compared and are not well described. We reviewed the available data to construct multiple regression analyses to theoretically assess the impact of relative almond intake (RAI) and dietary SFA on reducing pTC and pLDL-c concentrations. Strong, negative correlations between RAI and percent change in mean pTC(R=0.776;P=0.005)and RAI and percent change in mean pLDL-c(R=0.818;P=0.002)were detected. The relationships between percent change in mean dietary SFA, and percent change in mean pTC and mean pLDL-c were weaker and only significant for pLDL-c. The multiple regression analyses demonstrated modest improvements in the strength of the correlations for both pTC(R=0.804;P=0.016)and pLDL-c(R=0.855;P=0.005). The models suggest that the increase in RAI contributes to the reduction in pTC and pLDL-c to a greater extent than a reduction in dietary SFA, but a simultaneous decrease in dietary SFA should further improve lipid profiles.

Six-Month Prospective Cross-Over Study to Determine the Effects of 1.1% Amino Acid Dialysate on Lipid Metabolism in Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhukar Misra ◽  
David A. Reaveley ◽  
Jacqueline Ashworth ◽  
Bruce Muller ◽  
Mary Seed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
To Receive

Objective To evaluate the effect of 1.1% amino acid dialysate (A AD) (Nutrineal, Baxter, Castlebar, Ireland) on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Design Patients were alternately assigned to receive AAD in the first (group A), or the second (group B), 6 months of a prospective cross-over study. Setting University teaching hospital. Patients Eighteen stable CAPD patients with a serum cholesterol 5.5 mmol/L or greater. Interventions One post prandial exchange of AAD during a 24-hour period for 6 months. Main Outcome Measures A significant change in serum lipid levels. Results Patients in group A (n = 10) received a single daily exchange of AAD in place of their post prandial dextrose exchange for the first 6 months, and then crossed over to the dextrose phase. Patients in group B (n = 8) continued their usual dextrose dialysis for the first 6 months and then crossed over to receive AAD in the latter 6 months. Measurements of serum lipids and lipoproteins along with other biochemical parameters were made at regular intervals. Although a downward trend in mean serum total cholesterol was seen on AAD in group A, no significant change in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in any group. Mean serum triglycerides fell on AAD in both groups, but were not statistically significant. Serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and apolipoprotein B were elevated in both groups but did not change on AAD or with time. No change was observed in serum apoprotein A1 levels. Serum Lp(a) was not correlated to dialysate protein excretion. No change in mean serum albumin was observed, in either group, on AAD. KT/V urea, total weekly creatinine clearance, net ultrafiltration, and dialysate protein excretion remained unchanged on AAD. Conclusions The use of A AD, although clinically safe and without side effects, had no effect on the dyslipidem ia in our group of CAPD patients.

The effects of pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational weight gain on maternal lipid profiles, fatty acids and insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muge Gul Gulecoglu Onem ◽  
Canan Coker ◽  
Kemal Baysal ◽  
Sabahattin Altunyurt ◽  
Pembe Keskinoglu
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Gestational Weight

Abstract Objectives Pregnancy is associated with physiological alterations in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. This study investigates the associations between pregestational body mass index (pBMI) and the rate of gestational weight gain (rGWG) in the second trimester with the biomarkers of lipid, fatty acids metabolism and insulin resistance. Methods Sixty nine pregnant women followed. The body weights of the pregnant women were measured and blood samples were obtained at 11–14th and 24–28th weeks of pregnancy. Glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin levels and fatty acids were measured. Rate of GWG (kg/week) and The Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The pregnant women were stratified according to their pBMI and the 2nd trimester rGWG. Results The rate of GWG was significantly higher for the group with pBMI<25, compared to the group with pBMI≥25 (p=0.024). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the second trimester compared with the first trimester. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-6 (n − 6) and omega-3 (n − 3) fatty acid levels and n − 6/n − 3 ratio were significantly higher in the second trimester. Glucose was significantly decreased and insulin was increased in the second trimester. In the overweight/obese group; HOMA-IR, insulin, AA, palmitoleic acid and stearic acid were found to be high in comparison to the group with low/normal pBMI. No parameters were associated with rGWG. Conclusions The changes in lipid parameters, free fatty acids, insulin and HOMA-IR in the second trimester were compatible with the changes in lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. Pregestational BMI was shown to have a stronger influence on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and fatty acids than rGWG.

scholarly journals Evaluation of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients for dyslipidemia in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Janak G. Chokshi ◽  
Apal P. Gandhi ◽  
Ishvarlal M. Parmar ◽  
Dipen R. Damor
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome consisting of metabolic, vascular and neuropathic components that are interrelated. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a considerably increased risk of premature atherosclerosis, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral arterial disease. Dyslipidemia is a common feature of diabetes. There is an association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Methods: The study was done on 50 adult diabetes mellitus (T2) patients from IPD of General Medicine wards at SMS Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. 50 healthy age and sex matched healthy volunteers were taken as control. They were evaluated for lipid profile i.e., Total Cholesterol (TC),Triglyceride (TG), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and glycemic status i.e., Fasting blood glucose (FBS), Postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (PP2BS) & Glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C).Results: Diabetic cases had statistically highly significant (p<0.001) elevated levels of total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and VLDL as compared to controls. Serum TG, serum TC, LDL-C and VLDL-C had positive correlation with the postprandial plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c.Conclusions: Significant correlations between HbA1c levels and lipid levels point towards the usefulness of HbA1c for screening high-risk diabetic patients. High TC, TG, LDL-C and HbA1c with normal or low HDL-C is seen in almost all diabetic patients either alone or in combinations.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF CHRONIC CONSUMPTION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON LIVER OF WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
SURENDRA BABU THANGACHI ◽  
VARSHA SRIRAM MOKHASI ◽  
SHABINA KOMATH CHENOLY
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if there were any harmful effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the liver of Wistar albino rats chronically at three different doses, namely, low, mid, and high doses equivalent to human consumption doses in developing countries. Methods: The Wistar albino rats (n=24) were divided into four groups, namely control, Low dose MSG (180 mg/kg), Mid dose MSG (360 mg/kg), and High dose MSG (720 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period (120 days), animal blood was collected retro-orbitally to analyze the liver enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total protein, Albumin, and Total Bilirubin in blood serum. Lipid profiles, namely, Triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and Total cholesterol were subjected to analysis using blood serum. Results: Significant increase (p<0.05) in AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin in serum of MSG induced low, mid, and high dose groups when compared to control group were recorded. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in LDL, decrease in HDL, increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides of MSG-induced animal groups. Conclusion: The effects of MSG on serum liver enzymes and lipid profiles in this present animal study were not severely alarming even though the dosage was chronic which opens further discussion on the controversies revolving around MSG.

scholarly journals “A Comparative Study of Efficacy of Atorvastatin Alone and Atorvastatin with Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combination in Patients with Hyperlipidaemia Attending Tertiary Care Hospital”

2021 ◽  
pp. 482-490
Author(s):  
C. Srinivasa ◽  
K. La Kshminarayan ◽  
V. Srinivas ◽  
B. V. S. Chandrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Current treatment with statins has become an integral part of vascular diseases but monotherapy has a significant residual event rate. Due to particularly one of the factor associated with atherogenic lipid phenotype that is characterized by a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and increase in non-HDL cholesterol like Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Omega-3 Fatty acids have demonstrated a preventiverole in primary and, particularly secondary cardiovascular diseases.  Hence this study was planned to compare the efficacy of Atorvastatin alone with Atorvastatin and Omega-3 fatty acids in treatment in hyperlipidaemia patients. Methods: The study was comparative, randomized, and prospective and open labeled conducted in MI patients. A total of 100 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided randomly into two Groups (Group–A and Group-B). Group-A was given Atorvastatin 10mg/day and Group-B was given Atorvastatin 10mg/day and Omega-3 fatty acids 600mg/day for 6 months. Follow up was done every month and efficacy was measured by assessing the lipoprotein levels in serum. Results: The results were compared before treatment and after 6 months treatment.The levels were significantly decreased Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), Triglycerides (TG) and HDL levels were increased in Group–A and Group-B. When these results compared between two Groups the HDL levels were increased also it shown high significance (<0.001) but there were no significance changes in other cholesterol levels. Conclusion: The present study results showed that Atorvastatin and Omega-3 fatty acids treatment was more effective than Atorvastatin alone treatment in improving HDL-C levels from base line and it may have a additive effect in major coronary artery diseases.

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