Time perspective as an antecedent of trust in a manager and its impact on employee attitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-152
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Douglas A Hershey
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Employee Perceptions ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Interpersonal Perceptions ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Path Analysis Model

A manager’s personality has been demonstrated to have an influence on employees’ level of trust. However, it has yet to be demonstrated whether trust levels are based, in part, on a manager’s time perspective. In this study a between-subjects scenario-based experimental approach was employed, which involved administration of six different scenarios. Each described a hypothetical manager who exhibited one of six time perspectives: past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic, future oriented, and balanced. Participants (N = 630) rated the extent to which the manager could be trusted and what they believed their attitude would be if they were to work for the individual. Findings revealed that managers who exhibited a past positive, future oriented, or balanced time perspective were perceived to be more trustworthy and had higher ratings of trust than supervisors with a past negative or present fatalistic orientation. A path analysis model further demonstrated that employee perceptions of trustworthiness (an antecedent of trust) covary with time perspective, as did employee attitudes (a trust-linked outcome). This research contributes to the development of theory by shedding light on the way interpersonal perceptions shape employee attitudes. From an applied perspective, the findings suggest interpersonal perceptions influence workers’ attitudes toward their manager and their job.

scholarly journals Relationship of representations about the object of activity and time perspectives for teachers of different ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 18079
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Zheldochenko ◽  
Oksana Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Individual

The article analyzes the problem of professionalization of the individual in pedagogical activity. The results of an empirical study of the ideas of teachers of different ages about the object of their professional activity are presented. It is shown that at each stage of professionalization, with an increase in the length of teaching experience, the assessment of the attitude to time changes, and through this – the assessment of the individual's attitude to the surrounding reality in General, as well as to himself, his experience and future prospects. Significant relationships between indicators of teachers ' perceptions of the object of professional activity and indicators of the time perspective of teachers of different ages are shown. The study involved 148 College teachers. Work experience varies from 1 year to 40 years. Age limits from 20 to 63 years. To confirm the research hypothesis that there may be significant relationships between professional ideas and time perspectives among teachers of different ages, we used a set of methods, including: "Questionnaire aimed at the study of ideas about the object of activity (E. I. Rogova)," F. Zimbardo's time perspective Questionnaire (ZTPI)". Methods of mathematical and statistical processing, presentation of the obtained data: descriptive statistics, determination of the reliability of differences: according to the Kruskal-Wallace criterion. Empirically, it is established that there are significant relationships between the assessment of attitudes to time and ideas about the object of activity in teachers of different ages.

scholarly journals Time perspective influence on management leadership styles and the mediating role of self-efficacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Gassemi ◽  
Julie Papastamatelou ◽  
Alexander Unger
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Multifactor Leadership ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership

AbstractWe examined if time perspectives (TP) and the Deviation from a Balanced Time Perspective (DBTP—cf. Stolarski et al. Time Soc 20(3):346–363, 2011) have an effect on four types of Leadership Styles. Based on previous studies it was observed, that Self-Efficacy (SE) is determined by time perspectives (Epel et al. J Appl Soc Psychol 29(3):575–596, 1999). In particular, the transformational and transactional leadership styles could depend on higher self-efficacy of managers. We additionally tested if general self-efficacy (GSE) mediates the influence of time perspectives and the Deviation from a Balanced Time Perspective on Leadership Styles. We recruited a sample of former MBA-students, who now work in the middle management of German companies. We used the zimbardo time perspective inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo and Boyd J Pers Soc Psychol 77(6):1271–1288, 1999), the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) by Felfe and Goihl (Deutsche überarbeitete und ergänzte Version des Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) [German revised and extended version of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ)], Zentrum für Umfragen Methoden und Analysen, Mannheim, 2002) and the general self-efficacy-scale by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (Generalized Self-Efficacy scale, Nfer-Nelson, Windsor, 1995). Past Positive orientation has no significant effect on any of the four leadership styles. The present hedonistic dimension enhances and the past negative orientation reduces the transformational leadership style. The present fatalistic orientation reduces the Transformational and transactional leadership styles, but enhances the laissez-faire leadership style. Moreover, future enhances the transformational and transactional leadership styles. DBTP reduces the transformational and transactional leadership styles. The mediator role of GSE was confirmed for the transformational and transactional leadership style. Managers’ time perspectives are important for implementing an efficient leadership style.

scholarly journals Temporal Prospects of Persons with Restrictive Quarantine Conditions: Sex and Age Analysis

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Individual

The paper presents a theoretical and empirical study of gender and age characteristics of the content of time perspectives of persons who are in restrictive conditions of quarantine. Theoretical substantiation of the importance of forming a coordinated time perspective of the individual for its integration into the social system, includes an analysis of the structural and functional purpose and typological characteristics of time perspectives. The regulatory content of the time-space continuum of the personality in the conditions of deprivation is emphasized and the restrictive conditions of quarantine in the signs of multifunctional deprivation are outlined, which determine the content of the time perspective of the subjects of self-isolation. The purpose of the presented material is a theoretical and empirical study of gender and age characteristics of the content of time perspectives of persons who are in the restrictive conditions of quarantine and substantiation of signs of their life balance. Based on the analysis and theoretical generalization of the problem, a program of individual-oriented survey of persons in self-isolation in connection with the pandemic COVID-19, which includes testing methods and a set of methods for mathematical processing of results. Gender and age differences in the time perspectives of persons in restrictive quarantine conditions were noted: men of all ages are determined by the dominance of the time perspective of the hedonistic-fatalistic present, colored in men from 25 to 50 years by the characteristics of the negative past and transcendent future; and in men over 50 - the characteristics of the transcendent future; women (age range up to 50 years) are determined by the dominance of the time perspective of the future direction, and women over 50 years - the dominance of the time perspective of the negative past. The absence of signs of vital balance of the identified profiles of time perspectives is proved and the main vectors of formation of the optimal profile of time perspective are outlined: the vector of actualization of the future for males and the vector of activation of the present for the studied women.

The relationship between the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and violations of business ethics in China: Unbalanced time perspective increases the acceptance of unethical business behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Unger ◽  
Jin Yan ◽  
Rainer Busch
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Ethical Orientation ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
The Relationship

Scope of research In a sample of 316 Chinese MBA students, the influence of Time Perspective on two types of unethical behaviors was tested. We differentiated between rule-based and social-concern issues. Time Perspective was measured by using a Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Participants’ evaluation of the issues as ethical—or unethical—and their behavioral intention to violate business ethics were measured. Hypotheses We assumed that Past-Positive and Future will enhance ethical orientation, whereas Past-Negative, Present-Fatalistic and deviance from balanced time perspective (DBTP) will reduce ethical orientation (evaluation of unethical practices as ethical and high behavioral intention to apply unethical practices). Results For evaluation of rule-based issues, Past-Positive, Present-Hedonistic and Future significantly influenced in the predicted direction, whereas no significant effects of time perspectives for social concern issues were observed. According to behavioral intention, only Present-Fatalistic reached significance for both types of ethical issues in the predicted direction. Further, it was shown in a mediation-model that the influence of DBTP on behavioral intention to show unethical practices is mediated by the evaluation as ethical/unethical in the case of rule-based issues (in the case of social concern, the factors reached no significance or only nearby significances, respectively). Chinese managers with a high deviation from a balanced time perspective showed reduced evaluation of unethical practices as unethical, and an enhanced behavioral intention to show unethical practices. Other potential variables of influence, such as age, gender, the size of company, and the degree of globalization were considered, and their influences were controlled. Conclusions and limitations Time perspectives are of relevance for business ethics, but the relationship was only shown for rule-based issues. In the case of social concern, the relationship was only shown for Present-Fatalistic on behavioral intention.

Motivations for Volunteering and Its Associations with Time Perspectives and Life Satisfaction: A Latent Profile Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 932-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Hwa Kee ◽  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
John C. K. Wang ◽  
Muhammad Idzhar Bin Kailani
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Group Profile ◽  
Latent Profile

This study aims to examine motivation for volunteering and its association with time perspective and life satisfaction among volunteers ( N = 221). Latent profile analysis was used to profile individuals based on their time perspectives and then to compare group differences in life satisfaction and volunteering motivation. Three profiles were identified. Profile 1 ( n = 32; 14.5%) was a “balanced time perspective group,” Profile 2 ( n = 102; 46.2%) was a “maladaptive group,” and Profile 3 ( n = 87; 39.3%) was a “nonchalant group.” Profile 1 showed the highest life satisfaction compared to the two remaining groups. Significant group differences in volunteering motivation between this group and the other two were also reported. These findings suggest that time perspective may be appropriate for understanding motivation for voluntarism and life satisfaction.

scholarly journals What Are the Optimal Levels of Time Perspectives? Deviation from the Balanced Time Perspective-Revisited (DBTP-r)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-183
Author(s):  
Konrad S. Jankowski ◽  
Marcin Zajenkowski ◽  
Maciej Stolarski
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective

Time for love: Partners’ time perspectives predict relationship satisfaction in romantic heterosexual couples

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Stolarski ◽  
Katarzyna Wojtkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Kwiecińska
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
General Relationship ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Relationship Length ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective

The aim of the present research was to explore the role of individual differences in time perspective (TP) in predicting two relationship quality indicators: general relationship satisfaction and sexual satisfaction, in romantic heterosexual couples. A total amount of 100 dyads took part in the study. Our study revealed that relationship satisfaction indices are predicted by partners’ time perspectives; both actor and partner effects proved significant. For instance, past-negative was related to lower general relationship satisfaction, whereas past-positive proved detrimental to sexual satisfaction. Higher relationship (but not sexual) satisfaction was related to a more balanced time perspective. Moreover, we demonstrated that the role of some time perspective dimensions may change with relationship length, e.g., a relationship between future-positive (FP) time perspective and females’ relationship satisfaction proved to change across relationship course from significantly negative to strongly positive. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found no evidence for assortative mating effects for time perspective dimensions. The present results provide evidence for the role of psychological temporality in relationship functioning and suggests potential utility of time perspective theories in practical interventions aimed to improve romantic relationships’ quality.

scholarly journals Styles of Vital Activity Regulation in accordance with the Temporal Perspective Balance

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
O. N. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Relationship

The paper deals with the relationship between the characteristics of individual time perspective and the processes of self-regulation that affect the quality of life. The research features personal characteristics of people engaged in entrepreneurial activities. The author has conducted a comparative analysis of time perspective balance in relation to the styles of self-regulation in three groups: successful entrepreneurs, individuals who refuse to engage in entrepreneurial activities for various reasons, and individuals who keep failing to organize their own business. The obtained results have revealed that a balanced time perspective in combination with regulatory modeling and evaluation processes is necessary for successful business activity. If time perspective is unbalanced, it does not allow the individual to use their positive potential to the full, even if life regulation processes are well-developed.

Different Future Time Perspectives Interplay in Predicting Life Satisfaction

GeroPsych ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Lu ◽  
Angel Y. Li ◽  
Helene H. Fung ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Frieder R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Future Self ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study addresses prior mixed findings on the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and well-being as well as examines the associations between three aspects of FTP and life satisfaction in the health and friendship domains. 159 Germans, 97 US Americans, and 240 Hong Kong Chinese, aged 19–86 years, completed a survey on future self-views (valence) and life satisfaction. They also reported the extent to which they perceived future time as expanded vs. limited (time extension) and meaningful (openness). Findings revealed that individuals with more positive future self-views had higher satisfaction. However, those who perceived their future as more meaningful or perceived more time in their future reported higher satisfaction even when future self-views were less positive.

Management of Guidance and Counseling on Learning Discipline

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syauqi Mubarok
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Path Analysis Model

This article aims to examine and describe the influence of guidance and counseling management on learning discipline. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method using survey techniques. Data collection techniques that used are documentation studies and field studies. Moreover, the data analysis technique that has been used to answer the research hypothesis is statistical analysis with a path analysis model. The location of the study was at the Ciledug Vocational High School Al-Musaddadiyah Garut, with 85 respondents taking part in the survey. The results of the discussion show that guidance and counseling management has a positive and significant effect on the discipline of learning

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