Behaviour of PLA/POSS nanocomposites: Effects of filler content, functional group and copolymer compatibilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110080
Author(s):  
Yelda Meyva Zeybek ◽  
Cevdet Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Grafted Copolymer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

The main purpose of this study was to investigate influences of three parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of the polylactide (PLA) matrix nanocomposites filled with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) particles. For the first parameter of “Filler Content”, nanocomposites with 1, 3, 5, 7 wt% basic POSS structure were compared. For the second parameter of “Functional Group,” basic POSS structure having only nonpolar isobutyl groups were compared with three other functionalized POSS structures; i.e. aminopropylisobutyl-POSS (ap-POSS), propanediolisobutyl-POSS (pd-POSS) and octasilane-POSS (os-POSS). Finally, for the third parameter of “Copolymer Compatibilization,” all specimens were compared before and after their maleic anhydride (MA) grafted copolymer compatibilization. Specimens were produced with twin-screw extruder melt mixing and shaped under compression molding. Various tests and analyses indicated that the optimum filler content for the improved mechanical properties was 1 wt%; while the optimum structure for strength and modulus was pd-POSS structure, in terms of fracture toughness it was basic POSS structure. Additional use of MA compatibilization was especially effective for the basic POSS and os-POSS particles.

Performance of polylactide against UV irradiation: Synergism of an organic UV absorber with micron and nano-sized TiO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 2489-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulas Can ◽  
Cevdet Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Uv Absorber ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Twin Screw

The main purpose of this study was to investigate mechanical and thermal performance of polylactide specimens against UV irradiation; first when only adding benzotriazole benzotriazole-based organic UV absorber (UVA), micro (200 nm) and nano (50 nm) sized titania (TiO2) particles alone, and then to reveal possible synergism when they are added together. Compounds were prepared by twin-screw extruder melt mixing, while the 2 mm thick specimens were shaped by compression molding. Specimens were exposed to UV irradiation under fluorescent lamps (UVB-313) with 0.50 W/m2 for the periods of 12 and 24 days. Changes in the performance of UV irradiated specimens were evaluated in terms of % weight loss, changes in color and chemical structure, including the decreases in the mechanical and thermal properties. Various tests and analysis revealed that synergistic benefits of using micro and nano TiO2 particles together with benzotriazole-type UVA were not only due to the effective stiffening, strengthening and toughening actions of titania particles, but also due to their very significant “UV screening” actions absorbing the photons of the UV irradiation, thus decreasing the degree of the detrimental photodegradation reactions leading to chain scissions in their PLA matrix.

Effect of Compatibilizers on Mechanical Thermal and Morphology Properties of HDPE/TiO2 Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
N. Wiriyanukul ◽  
S. Wacharawichanant
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Dispersion Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work studies the effect of PE-g-MA compatibilizer on mechanical thermal and morphological properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites. The HDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites with and without PE-g-MA compatibilizer were prepared by melt mixing technique in a twin screw extruder. The results found that Young's Modulus of HDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites increased with increasing TiO2 contents. The addition of PE-g-MA compatibilizer had no significant effect on the tensile strength and stress at break of HDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites. The decomposition temperatures of HDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites before and after adding PE-g-MA compatibilizer increased with increasing TiO2 contents. The dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in HDPE matrix was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The dispersion of nanoparticles in HDPE matrix with PE-g-MA compatibilizer was relatively good, only a few aggregates exited.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

Evaluation of Process Wear of Selected Tool Steels for Injection Molds

2013 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Greškovič ◽  
Ľudmila Dulebová ◽  
Branislav Duleba ◽  
Janusz W. Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Weight Decrease ◽  
Short Glass

The aim of this contribution is to test the suitability of selected types of tool steels used for manufacturing of injection molds. Experiments were realized by the simulation of adhesive wear using laboratory equipment Amsler, which allows the testing of grinding pairs. Evaluated grinding pairs consisted of tool steel and two types of roundels. Tested polymeric materials were based on pure PA6 and PBT filled with short glass fibers, prepared by mixing process in twin screw extruder. The wear of five types of tool steels were evaluated by weight decrease before and after the experiment, while changing the friction coefficient of grinding pairs, material of grinding pairs and sensing the roughness of steel before and after wear.

Effect of Compatibilizer on Impact Strength and Morphology of Polystyrene/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Pranee Saetun ◽  
Thunwawon Lekkong ◽  
Thongyai Supakanok
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Zno Particles ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

This article investigated the effects of particle size of zinc oxide (ZnO) and polystyrene-co-maleic anhydride (SMA) compatibilizer on impact strength and morphology of polystyrene (PS)/ZnO71 (71 nm) and PS/ZnO250 (250 nm) nanocomposites. PS/ZnO nanocomposites with varying concentration of ZnO and SMA were prepared by a melt mixing technique in a twin screw extruder. It was found that the impact strength of PS nanocomposites increased up to a ZnO content of 1.0 wt%. Moreover, PS/ZnO250 nanocomposites had higher impact strength than PS/ZnO71 nanocomposites. The addition of SMA increased the impact strength of PS/ZnO nanocomposites with increasing SMA content. The result showed that SMA could improve impact strength of nanocomposites. The dispersion of ZnO particles on PS/ZnO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was observed that the dispersion of ZnO particles of PS/ZnO nanocomposites without SMA was non-uniform and the agglomeration of ZnO particles in the polymer matrix increased with increasing ZnO content. The dispersion of ZnO particles of PS/ZnO nanocomposites after adding SMA was relatively good and only few aggregations exist. These observations support the results of the impact test where the PS/ZnO nanocomposites with SMA displayed higher impact strength than the PS/ZnO nanocomposites without SMA. The study showed that SMA was used as a compatibilizer to improve the dispersability and compatibility of ZnO particles in PS matrix.

Studies on Tensile Properties of Compatibilized and Uncompatibilized Low-Density Polyethylene/Jackfruit Seed Flour (LDPE/JFSF) Blends at Different JFSF Content

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ting Sam ◽  
Omar Sabbar Dahham ◽  
Pei Gie Gan ◽  
N.Z. Noimam ◽  
Jingi Y. Kuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Direct Introduction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Natural Fillers

Currently, natural fillers seem to be the suitable materials in polymer industry, which have emerged as a viable and abundant replacement for the relatively high-cost and non-renewable conventional fillers. However, the direct introduction of natural fillers into polymer matrix could effect negatively on some properties. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of jackfruit seed flour (JFSF) (before and after compatibilization) on the tensile properties of (LDPE/JFSF) blends. Different JFSF content (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.%) with (63-100 𝜇𝑚) particle size were prepared in this work. Twin-screw extruder at 150°C and 50rpm screw speed followed by hot-compress machine at 150°C and 10MPa pressure were used respectively to produce (LDPE/JFSF) blends. Adipic acid (AA) solution was added as a compatibilizer into all blends equally (25wt% AA into 75wt% JFSf). The changes of tensile and morphological properties were investigated. Results shown decreasing on tensile strength and elongation at break of LDPE/JFSF and LDPE/JFSF/AA as JFSF increased. In contrast, Young’s modulus increased up to 10 wt.% of JFSF and then decreased. However, the addition of Adipic acid, particularly for JFSF 5wt.% has improved the tensile properties of LDPE/JFSF blends. The SEM micrographs showed the agglomeration at high JFSF content (20 wt%) which in turn effected negatively on the tensile properties. However, the blends show homogeneous surfaces as AA added.

Structure and Properties of Recycled Aromatic Thermoplastic Polyester Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 527 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Remo Merijs Meri ◽  
Janis Zicans ◽  
Tatjana Ivanova ◽  
Rita Berzina ◽  
Guntis Japins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Weight Content ◽  
Recycled Polyethylene ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Nanofiller Content ◽  
Montmorillonite Nanoclay

Structure as well as mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites based on recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) are investigated. 1, 2 and 5 wt. % of unmodified montmorillonite nanoclay (MMT) were introduced in the RPET matrix by melt compounding in a twin screw extruder. Results of the investigations testify that optimum content of MMT for modification of RPET is between 1 and 2 wt. %. Up to this nanofiller weight content, the most rapid increase of stiffness, strength and impact toughness is observed. Besides it, at this nanofiller weight content the investigated composite have somewhat improved thermal resistance. It is demonstrated that the improvement of these properties is due to better distribution of MMT in the polymer matrix. At higher nanofiller content, the undesirable effects of the nanofiller agglomeration becomes more important.

Compatibilization Effect of Polyfunctional Monomers on PP/TPU Blends

2011 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Fang Guan ◽  
Jin Zhou Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polyfunctional Monomer ◽  
Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Compatibilization Effect

This paper mainly researched how polyfunctional monomers affect the Compatibilization of PP/TPU blends. With triallylisocyanurate (TAIC) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) which belong to polyfunctional monomers as compatibilizers, various PP/TPU blends were prepared via melt mixing by using a twin-screw extruder. It is investigated that the effect of polyfunctional monomer on the mechanical properties, morphology and melt flowing behavior of the blends. The results show that the compatibility of PP/TPU is improved by adding moderate TAIC or TMPTA, and the compatibilization effect of TMPTA is superior to TAIC, especially when the content of monomers is 3 phr.

Morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of PP/SEBS/talc composites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ivan Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Marisa Cristina Guimarães Rocha ◽  
Joaquim Teixeira de Assis ◽  
Ana Lúcia Nazareth da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Nucleating Effect

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of some experimental variables such as the content of styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) and talc, processing conditions and mixing protocol on the properties of polypropylene (PP). To achieve this objective, PP/SEBS blends and PP/SEBS/talc composites were processed in a corotating twin-screw extruder. A masterbatch of PP/talc was prepared before the extrusion of PP/SEBS/talc composites. The morphology of blends and composites was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed the dispersion of small rubber droplets in the PP matrix. Moreover, the micrographs also showed that SEBS and talc particles were uniformly dispersed and distributed in the polymer matrix. Results of thermal properties showed that talc had a nucleating effect, which promoted the increase of both PP crystallization temperature and crystallinity degree. The incorporation of talc in PP/SEBS blends led to an expressive increase in the impact resistance by 70% as compared with the reference blend: PP/SEBS 80/20% (w/w). This result reveals that although the PP/SEBS/talc composites showed a separated morphology, the good dispersion and distribution of this mineral filler in the polymers contributed to avoid crack propagation and increase the impact properties. The tensile properties in the elastic region were not significantly affected.

Performance Properties of Irradiated Recycled Polypropylene as a Compatibilizer in Recycled Polypropylene/Microcrystalline Cellulose Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorasikin Samat ◽  
Nurul Hakimah Mohd Lazim ◽  
S.N.R. Motsidi ◽  
Noor Azlina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
Degradation Tests ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Surface Observations

Effects of irradiated rPP compatibilizer, on the mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose composites (rPP/MCC), are investigated. rPP is irradiated with an electron beam at dosages ranging from 10, 20, 30 to 50kGy. A matrix, containing of unirradiated and irradiated rPP (50:50 by ratio), is then added to 5, 20 and 40wt% MCC fibres. The composites are prepared using a twin screw extruder, followed by injection moulding. The properties are then characterized using tensile and thermal degradation tests. The improvement of Young’s modulus by up to about 45% suggests a compatibilising effect of the irradiated rPP. Fracture surface observations reveal an adhesion between rPP matrix and MCC fibres. However, the thermal stability deteriorated with the addition of MCC and irradiated rPP.

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