scholarly journals COVID-19 Impacts on Employment and Livelihood of Marginal People in Bangladesh: Lessons Learned and Way Forward

2021 ◽  
pp. 097152312199507
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imran Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Marginal Population ◽  
The People ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) has created tremendous negative impacts on the livelihood of the marginal population in Bangladesh. Many people working in the informal sector have lost their job and income due to the ongoing pandemic. Unemployment and poverty among the people in both urban and rural areas throughout the country have increased. The success in economic growth in the last few decades could not save poor people to become extreme poor because economic prosperity was not inclusive in Bangladesh. This study tries to identify some of the impacts that COVID-19 has imposed on the lives of marginal population. Then it indicates some of the serious limitations of the existing economic policies. This article suggests that only growth-oriented policy measures are not sufficient to reconstruct the economy in the post-COVID era. Rather Bangladesh needs to adopt employment-oriented economic policies that are capable to create more jobs and reduce poverty and inequality.

Komparácia pro-poor rastu vo vidieckych a mestských oblastiach Indonézie

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Frličková
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Partial Period ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The paper analyses construction and use of a selected indicator of pro-poor growth – the rate of pro-poor growth. It further explains the interpretation of this indicator in absolute and relative terms and indicates how economic growth affects poverty and inequality. The selected indicator is applied to the example of Indonesia and compares pro-poor growth in urban and rural areas of the country, examines regional disparities in terms of pro-poor growth for the period 1996–2019. From the absolute interpretation, pro-poor growth is observed in both urban and rural areas over the whole period. In relative terms, results of pro-poor growth for the first partial period (1996–2000) differ. While there was a relative pro-poor growth in the rural areas, there was a strong pro-poor growth in the cities with a significant decline in inequality observed (incomes of poor people increased while the average income of the whole population dropped). Indonesia achieved trickle-down growth in both rural and urban areas in two remaining periods (2000–2010 and 2010–2019).

scholarly journals Social Progress Index for Urban and Rural Areas of a Region: Evidence from Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-435
Author(s):  
Maylee Inga-Hancco ◽  
Adamari Indigoyen-Porras ◽  
Sergio Parra-Alarcón ◽  
Juan Cerrón-Aliaga ◽  
Wagner Vicente-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The present study describes the methodological process proposed by the Social Progress Imperative Global Organization to calculate the Social Progress Index in urban and rural areas of the province of Huancayo, Peru, in 2020. The survey was based on 229 observations regarding basic human needs, foundations of well-being and opportunities. The result produced an index of 56.04 for urban areas and 53.98 for rural areas; results that are in the low and low middle range respectively, identifying deficiencies in the quality of economic policies, with respect to the sanitation service, where more than 30% do not have access to drinking water, and others. It was concluded that the index showed no improvement with respect to 2019, likewise the social gaps still persist and the well-being of the aforementioned population was not increased.

scholarly journals Religion, Moral and Modernisation of Urban Society: A Study on the Roles of Religion in Youth Development in Lampung, Republic of Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Suhandi ◽  
Azhar Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Process Data ◽  
The People ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Multi Access ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Role Of Religion

Modernisation is the consequence of the demands of the development that brings negative impacts to the society. It is undeniable that modernization also brings abundance of positive impacts that ease the life of people and that modernization and humanization cannot be separated. In this context, the youth are considered as unstable being, who easily being controlled by multi-access communication technology; from social, fashion, behaviour, lifestyle, and ideology. Almost all of the damaging sides of technology affect the youth. Religion as the spiritual agent has a major role in combating this change in the society. Religion can act as the social control to hinder from immoral behaviour and worthless actions among the society. The main issue in the current study is to investigate the role of religion in strengthening the moral among the teenagers. This research was conducted by using qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interview and documentation. The participants of this research were the people of the rural areas in Bandar Lampung. After data collection was carried out, the data were processed qualitatively using the data reduction process, data exposure, and data verification. To conclude, the existence of the negative effects of modernization resulted from lack of religious virtues and parents’ control over their children’s social behaviour.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Hedgerows in Urban Areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Paullyne Charllotte Gonçalves Celestino ◽  
Lúcia de Fatima de Carvalho Chaves ◽  
André Luiz Alves de Lima Galdino ◽  
Jéssica de Oliveira Souza ◽  
Uaine Maria Félix Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
The People ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Homogeneous Composition ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The One

The research aimed to analyze the maintenance, composition, pruning, planting aspects and architectural elements on urban hedgerows. This study was carried out in an area of Imbiribeira, Recife, PE, Brazil, during six months. The survey was conducted in an area of 30 city blocks (37.024 hectares). The application of the questionnaire was directed to people residing, working, or owning real estate that contained hedgerows. Maintenance (person with the responsibility of pruning and maintenance of the hedge and types of maintenance performed on the hedges); Plant species aspects (species used were classified into groups of plant species: arboreal, shrub, herbaceous and climbing plants); Composition (homogeneous or heterogeneous); Pruning (maintenance or topiary); Planting aspects (planting alignment, spacing rhythm and dimensions of the hedge). In the study area, 30 blocks were sampled, where the presence of hedgerows was observed in 18 of them. The people responsible for the maintenance and management of hedgerows were mostly non-professional workers. The practice of watering hedgerows was found in 95.24% of the visited properties. The use fertilizer was found in 28.57% of the cases and only 4.76% of the properties use pesticide products due to phytosanitary problems. Most of the hedgerows had a homogeneous composition. Topiary pruning is the most practiced treatment on the hedgerows, with a frequency of 82.28% in the study area. The quincux planting with no definite spacing rhythm was the most found. The most observed Planting Alignment in the study area was in line. The most observed Spacing Rhythm was the one with no rhythm of planting. Although hedgerows are widely used in urban and rural areas, studies on their maintenance, composition, structure, ecological importance and relevance to biodiversity conservation are scarce.

scholarly journals PERKEMBANGAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DAN KESENJANGAN SOSIAL REGIONAL DI INDONESIA 2011-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Prasodjo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

This article discusses on poverty rate and inequlity in urban and rural areas during 2011-15. It shows that poverty rate tends todecrease. The poverty in rural area is worse than that in the urban one. The urban poor people work in the informal sector or in the small business. The poor in the rural areas work in the agriculture sector. The majority of poorest provinces is in the east Indonesia. However, the majority of the poor people live in Java island. Eventough the income inequility in Indonesia is moderate, but it  has been increased since 2011. There are many more poor people above the national poverty line. The government could inprove rural and east Indonesia infstructure in order to increase agriculture production. In this way the poverty in rural area and the gap between east and west Indonesia could decrease.

PEMBANGUNAN DESA-KOTA DI INDONESIA DARI PERSPEKTIF PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH DAN MIGRASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Ranggi Ade Febrian
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Migration Strategy ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Development Paradigm

The problem of rural-urban inequality can not be separated from the development paradigm that assumes thatconsidered better urban and rural areas are higher or the subordination of urban areas. The problem is growingwith the increasing levels of poverty in Indonesia, which was recorded by the BPS period March 2015 as much as28.59 million (11.22% of the total population of Indonesia) in both urban (10.65 million) and rural (17.94million soul). The poverty rate is increasing 860 thousand inhabitants of 27.73 million people in the period ofSeptember 2014, with details of the number of poor people in urban areas amounted to 10.36 million and 17.37million rural people. This paper attempts to analyze the development of villages and cities in Indonesia from theperspective of regional development and migration. Strategy is needed in rural development the city is by adopt-ing the concept of regional development and migration that it contains substances sustainable development ofboth macro and micro, so the construction of rural cities will be able to run well and in line with the Nawa Citathird Indonesian development of the region penggiran by strengthening areas and villages within the frameworkof the Unitary Republic of Indonesia.

Mass Vaccination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Augusta Brazelton
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The People ◽  
Global Health Policy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

While the eradication of smallpox has long been documented, not many know the Chinese roots of this historic achievement. This book examines the People's Republic of China's public health campaigns of the 1950s to explain just how China managed to inoculate almost six hundred million people against this and other deadly diseases. The book tells the story of the people, materials, and systems that built these campaigns, exposing how, by improving the nation's health, the Chinese Communist Party quickly asserted itself in the daily lives of all citizens. This crusade had deep roots in the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, when researchers in China's southwest struggled to immunize as many people as possible, both in urban and rural areas. But its legacy was profound, providing a means for the state to develop new forms of control and of engagement. The book considers the implications of vaccination policies for national governance, from rural health care to Cold War-era programs of medical diplomacy. By embedding Chinese medical history within international currents, the book highlights how and why China became an exemplar of primary health care at a crucial moment in global health policy.

scholarly journals Micro-Finance for Poor and Non-Poor Communities of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Prasad Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Poor Communities

 The micro-finance institutions are providing service to the people with the noble purpose to improve their socio-economic status which ultimately helps to reduce the poverty Nepal. In the Nepalese context, micro-finance institutions are providing the equal services to all people living in the remote and rural areas. The main objective of this study was to identify the economic importance of micro-finance institutions for poor and non-poor communities of Nepal. The study was conducted in Syangja district among the 385 beneficiaries of micro-finance. This study found that there was no significant association between the poor and non-poor people regarding the success of small scale business with the support of micro-finance, and increasing the amount of saving because p = .524 and .402 respectively which was greater than .05 significant levels. The difference could be observed in the increase in income level of poor and non-poor. Slight better improvement could be seen among the poor people, there was significant association between poor and non-poor because of p = .019.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of the Housing Construction in the Republics of the USSR in the 1920s-1980s

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-595
Author(s):  
Igor Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
The People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Despite 30 years of market reforms, the main difference between the housing sector in Russia and other post-socialist countries and that of the advanced Western nations lies in housing tenure distribution. In the former states, outright homeowners with property mainly built in the planned economy dominate the market. At the same time, in the latter countries, the majority of households pay rent or take out a mortgage (these types of households account for three-quarters of households in the USA and on average almost two-thirds of households in Western and Northern European nations). This article examines the evolution of main indicators of housing construction in the USSR as well as in the 15 Union republics from 1918 to 1990. The research rests upon a database composed by the author from more than 120 official statistical sources at the national and Republics' level. This work covers not only state housing construction but also individual housing construction as well as housing construction cooperatives in the USSR republics, which the post-Soviet and foreign scholarly literature have often neglected. We identify the main stages of housing construction in the USSR and analyze the data on housing completions in urban and rural areas, the evolution of the housing stock, flats and houses built, and the statistics on the people in the Union Republics who improved their living conditions. The time series collected and per capita indicators across the 15 republics of the USSR calculated by the author, reveal quite synchronized development of their housing sectors. Nevertheless, the three Baltic republics were leaders in many per capita indicators, whereas the RSFSR, the Kazakh, Byelorussian and Armenian SSR stood out in terms of housing completions and share of people who improved their living conditions. At the same time, the Georgian, Ukrainian and Moldavian SSR excelled in floor area per person.

scholarly journals Tradisi Panyambleh Kucit Butuan Dalam Upacara Macaru Sasih Kelima Di Ulun Setra Desa Pakraman Batuyang Kecamatan Sukawati Kabupaten Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Ni Kadek Yuli Anggriani
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
The People ◽  
Traditional Function ◽  
Hindu Community ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>The Panca Yadnya ceremony is inseparable from the life of the Hindu community in Bali. Like the Panyambleh Kucit Butuan tradition carried out by the people in Pakraman Batuyang village which is one of the series of Panca Yad namely Bhuta Yad which is held once a year precisely falls on the day of the fifth Tilem Sasih held in Ulun Setra by giving Pacaruan with Kucit Butuan. The song by Kucit Butuan in Ulun Setra, all of the Sesuhunan in the form of Barong, Rangda and Bhatara-bhatari Kahyangan Tiga participated in the implementation of the tradition of Panyambleh Kucit Butuan.</em><em> </em><em>The results obtained in this study: 1) The procession of the Panyambleh Kucit Butuan tradition in Ulun Setra, Pakraman Batu Village which includes several series, namely Nedunan Ida Bhatara Ratu Sakti. After that, Ida Bhatara Barong and Rangda went hand in hand towards the location of the traditional retreat, namely to Ulun Setra, Pakraman Batuyang Village (worship to teben) which was carried out in the fifth tilem. Arriving at the place of execution The tradition of chanting (worshiping the teben) is carried out with a renewal ceremony ready for brumbum by giving a cucumber dish but previously held the tabuh as a series of rituals in the traditional tradition with this point, the tool or means of the Tradition by Kucit Butuan, covering Pejati Upa witness, segehan agung, caru is ready for brumbun, Banten which is used in the Chinese tradition with a hint of worship Hulu and teben consists of several parts, among others, male black Butuan Cucumber, Mantai Panyambleh Kucit Butuan Tradition, which is the Baruna Astawa. Baruna Astawa is the main instrument used to carry out the traditional tradition of chanting, with a hint of a point, Dhurga Astawa. Astawa Dhurga is the main pillar used for ngastawa in the implementation of the novel ceremony ready for brumbun and panyamblehan kucit butuan in a series of cucumber grains, Manggala The tradition of purified grains covering the Pinandita / Pamangku Pura Penataran Agung and Pemangku Manca Desa Khayangan.2) Panyambleh Kucit Butuan's traditional function in Ulun Setra, Pakraman Batu Village, which is a traditional tradition with a lot of functions for the people of Pakraman Batuyang Village in general as a form of community service to the Creator of effort. 3) The impact of the Panyambleh Kucit Butuan tradition in Ulun Setra Pakraman Village consists of positive and negative impacts.</em></p>

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