scholarly journals Lifestyle Changes Among Medical Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Study Across Nine Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110192
Author(s):  
Francisco Perez-Dominguez ◽  
Francisca Polanco-Ilabaca ◽  
Fernanda Pinto-Toledo ◽  
Daniel Michaeli ◽  
Jadi Achiardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Public And Private

The global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disrupted both public and private life for many. Concerning medical students, practical teaching and classrooms were substituted with a virtual curriculum. However, how this new academic environment has affected students’ health and lifestyles has yet to be studied. In this study, we surveyed 2,776 students from nine different countries about changes in their university curricula and potential alterations in their daily habits, physical health, and psychological status. We found negative changes across all countries studied, in multiple categories. We found that 99% of respondents indicated changes in their instruction delivery system, with 90% stating a transition to online education, and 93% stating a reduction or suspension of their practical activities. On average, students spent 8.7 hours a day in front of a screen, with significant differences among countries. Students reported worsened studying, sleeping, and eating habits with substantial differences in Latin American countries. Finally, the participants frequently expressed onset and increase in both mental and physical health symptoms: backache, asthenopia, irritability, and emotional instability. Altogether, these results suggest a potential risk in the health and academic performance of future doctors if these new academic modalities are maintained.

scholarly journals “No hay democracia sin feminismo”: Julieta Kirkwood, teoría y docencia feminista para un nuevo contrato social en Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Mónica González GARCÍA
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Men I ◽  
Political Work ◽  
Augusto Pinochet ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Epistemic Strategies

Fundadora del llamado segundo feminismo histórico chileno, la obra de Julieta Kirkwood presenta una intensa trayectoria por espacios que incluyen el ejercicio académico y el activismo político, buscando establecer un diálogo entre las prácticas democráticas que la sociedad civil luchaba por recuperar en el contexto de la dictadura militar de Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990) y el respeto a los derechos de las mujeres tanto en la vida pública como en la privada. Para Kirkwood, el mejoramiento de la situación de las mujeres era una dimensión ineludible de la recuperación de la democracia, razón por la cual afirmó que “el feminismo enriquece y contribuye a quitar el carácter restrictivo al concepto de liberación social y política, haciéndolo extensivo a las mujeres como grupo específico, y respecto de las cuales bajo enfoques más globales de interpretación histórica, se planteaban formas muy difusas... de ‘emancipación femenina’”. En este trabajo analizo la reflexión feminista elaborada por Julieta Kirkwood en relación al proceso de redemocratización chileno y a la producción y difusión de un conocimiento feminista como tarea crucial para la creación de un nuevo tipo de ciudadanía para mujeres y hombres. Específicamente, reviso los cuadernos de discusión académica que publica en la FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) de Santiago durante la década de 1980, así como las obras póstumas Feminarios (1987) y Tejiendo rebeldías (1987), con el objetivo de determinar las estrategias epistémicas con las que buscó interrumpir el debate (masculino) sobre la democracia e introducir el feminismo como eje fundamental para una mejor convivencia de todos los chilenos.Julieta Kirkwood, Re-democratización. Chile"There is no democracy without feminism": Julieta Kirkwood, feminist theory and teaching for a new social contract in ChileAbstractFounder of the so-called second historic feminism in Chile, Julieta Kirkwood’s trajectory encompassed academic and political work with the aim of establishing a dialogue between the democratic practices civil society struggled to recover during Augusto Pinochet’s military dictatorship (1973-1990), and the respect for the rights of women in both public and private life. The improvement of women’s situation in the country was, for Kirkwood, an ineludible dimension of the return to democracy, a context in which she believed “feminism contribute[d] to remove the restrictive connotation of social and political liberation as it was understood by global frames of historical interpretation, by making it extensive to women as a specific group and regarding to whom there ha[d] only existed diffuse ideas… for a ‘feminine emancipation’”. In this essay I analize the feminist thought elaborated by Julieta Kirkwood in relation to the redemocratization process in Chile and the production and dissemination of feminist knowledge as a crucial task for creating a new type of citizenship for women and men. I am specifically looking at the notebooks she published at FLACSO (Latin American School of Social Sciences) in Santiago during the 1980s, as well as to her posthumous works Feminarios (1987) and Tejiendo rebeldías (1987), in order to determine her epistemic strategies to interrupt the (male) debate on democracy and to introduce feminism as a fundamental axis for a better coexistence of all Chileans.Julieta Kirkwood’s, Redemocratization. Chile

scholarly journals Social and Psychiatric Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic and Distance Learning On High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Comparing Turkey and Denmark

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LS Seyahi ◽  
SG Ozcan ◽  
N Sut ◽  
A Mayer ◽  
BC Poyraz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Private School ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

AbstractObjectiveIn this study we investigated the socio-psychological effects of both the pandemic and distance learning on high school students in Turkey and Denmark. We aimed to assess whether there were any differences a) between students attending public or private schools in Turkey and b) between two countries having different approaches to pandemic and considerable socio-cultural and economic differences.MethodsWe conducted a web-based questionnaire study in a cross-sectional design using Survey Monkey platform and sent out via social media to high school students from Turkey and Denmark. The survey collected socio-demographic data, several variables associated with pandemic and distance education and their effects on social life and psychological status. Additionally, emotional status was assessed using positive (PA) and negative affects (NA) schedule (PANAS). The survey ran from July 3 and August 31 2020.ResultsWe studied 565 (mean age: 16.5 ± 1.0) Turkish and 92 (mean age:17.7 ± 1.0) Danish students, of whom the majority were female adolescents (63% vs 76%). Students educated in public (47.6%) and private high schools (52.4%) were nearly similar in number in Turkish group, whereas in the Danish sample almost all students were from public school (98.9%). Turkish students were significantly more likely to be compliant with the pandemic related restrictions. Besides that, there were significant socio-economic disparities between Turkish and Danish students and also within Turkey between public and private school students. Turkish online education system was significantly less adequate and satisfactory compared to the Danish system. These were even worse for those who were attending public schools in Turkey. Regardless of the socio-economic differences, the majority of the students in both countries has been negatively affected by the pandemic and related restrictions and had a negative opinion about distance education. This was also true for the PANAS scores. The total scores of PANAS were similar between Turkish and Danish students (PA: 27.0 ± 7.6 versus 25.8 ± 5.6; NA: 24.8± 7.5 versus 24.5± 7.3) and also within Turkey between public and private school students (PA: 26.8 ± 7.5 versus 27.1 ± 7.6; NA: 24.7± 7.2 versus 25.0± 7.8). While female students were significantly more severely affected in the Turkish group, no such gender differences were observed in the Danish group. Additionally, considerable portion of the students in Turkey and Denmark expressed loneliness (55.2% vs 59.8%, p<0.706), boredom (71.2% vs 58.7%, p=0.019) and anxiety towards the future (61.4% vs 22.8%, p<0.001). Decreased physical activity, sleep problems, eating disorders and domestic abuse were other complaints.ConclusionsAdolescents from both countries have been severely affected by the pandemic and its related restrictions and expressed negative views about distance education. Turkish online education system seemed to be less satisfactory when compared to Danish system and within Turkey, public school students had significantly more disadvantages compared to those attending private schools. Despite the fact that there were several socio-economic inequalities among students, in general, there were no robust significant differences regarding psychological status and opinion about distance learning, indicating a global worsening of emotional status during pandemic.

Family Affairs: Class, Lineage and Politics in Contemporary Nicaragua

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Vilas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Social Totality ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Sociological Studies

As I get older I give more importance to continuities, and try to discover them under the appearances of change and mutation. And I have reached the conclusion that there is only one great continuity: that of blood.Class structure never entirely displaces other criteria and forms of differentiation and hierarchy (e.g. ethnicity, gender, lineage) in the constitution of social identities and in prompting collective action. Class as a concept and as a point of reference is linked to these other criteria; often it is subsumed in them, thus contributing to the definition of the different groups' forms of expression and of their insertion into the social totality. But class does not eliminate these other criteria nor the identities deriving from them, nor can it preclude the relative autonomy derived from their specificity, as they define loyalties and oppositions which frequently cross over class boundaries. The relevance of these criteria in Latin America is even greater since the society's class profile is less sharply defined because of the lower level of development of market relations and urban industrial capitalism.Several studies have pointed to the importance of ruling families in shaping the socio-economic structure of Latin American countries, their political institutions and their cultural life. Prominent families have been considered the axis of Latin America's history from the last part of the colonial period until the beginnings of the present century – and until even more recently in some countries. Interestingly enough, these historical studies have contributed to a better understanding of one of the features most frequently discussed in today's sociological studies of Latin America: the weak or inchoate differentiation between public and private life and between collective and individual action.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Eating Habits, Sleeping Behaviour, and Physical Activity Status of Final Year Medical Students in Ankara-Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Tülay A. Bosi Bağcı ◽  
Ayşegül Kanadıkırık ◽  
Emel Somyürek ◽  
Gülce Gerçek ◽  
Hamza Berdan Tanrıkulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective: The massive increase in COVID-19 cases led to the implementation of nationwide lockdown in Turkey. While enforced lockdown is an effective strategy to abate the transmission of the virus, it causes significant lifestyle changes in every part of the community. This study aims to assess the changes in eating habits, sleeping behaviour, and physical activity status of final year medical students (interns) whose education was suspended during the pandemic. Design: In this cross-sectional epidemiological study, an online questionnaire was created. Interns were asked questions regarding sociodemographic status, eating habits, sleeping behaviour and physical activity status before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in dietary habits and sleep quality were evaluated under the guidance of Turkish Nutrition Guide, Determination of Nutritional Status Report, Turkey National Nutrition and Health Survey and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Setting: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine-Ankara/Turkey. Participants: Among 536 students, a total of 340 students (63.4%) answered the questionnaire. Results: After the beginning of lockdown, an increase in body mass index (BMI) was observed in both female(p=0.002) and male students(p=0.013). Students having healthy dietary habits increased by 18.8% and unhealthy dietary habits decreased by 3.2% during lockdown(p<0.001). Overall, 63.2% of students reported a decrease in physical activity, and 33.6% reported a reduction in sleep quality whereas 38.6% reported an improvement in sleep quality. There was no significant difference in sleep quality between genders(p=0.075). Conclusions: This study indicated that medical school suspension and enforced lockdown led to significant changes in interns’ eating behaviour, physical activity, and sleeping habits.

scholarly journals The Effects of Caffeinated Beverage Consumption on the Sleep Habits and Lifestyle of Medical Students in Public and Private Medical Universities in Karachi, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maham Noor Afroz ◽  
ayesha Asghar ◽  
Shaheera Kamal ◽  
Saneea Ishfaque ◽  
Shueeta Chandar bhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: To determine the effects of caffeine consumption on the sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU) and Hamdard College of Medicine. On 422 undergraduate students aged 18-25 years, through random sampling. The duration of the study was from January 2019 to June 2019. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaire which included data regarding sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Results: Majority (81.6%) of the students consumed caffeine while only (18.4%) did not. One third of the participants (31.8%) reported caffeine consumption increased their academic performance and (57.3%) reported that it does not. More than half of the participants (63.3%) who consumed caffeine slept during class, whereas (47.2%) never had difficulty in falling asleep during the night. Conclusion: This research concluded that caffeine does have some role on sleep habits of medical students as they tend to have less sleep hours, experience day time dysfunction, average quality of sleep, and falling asleep during class. It has been concluded that caffeine has no effect on eating habits of medical students however, it does increase the screening time, keeping them active.

State-cathedral nature of the first-rate Kiev

2000 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
M. M. Nikitenko
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Local Version ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Main Center

The inclusion of Eastern Slavs in the sphere of religious and cultural influences of Byzantium was a tremendous event both in national and in world history. Since then, the main center of the culture of Kievan Rus, incorporating a complex of ideas and functions of the spiritual, public and private life of ancient Russian society, became the Eastern Christian temple in its local version

Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil Aniket ◽  
Dindore Pallavi ◽  
Arbar Aziz ◽  
Kadam Avinash ◽  
Saroch Vikas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immune Booster ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19-Related Perceived Improvements in Dietary Health: Results from a US Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Kelly Cosgrove ◽  
Christopher Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survey Responses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial lifestyle changes. No US study has identified predictors of perceived dietary healthfulness changes during the pandemic period. This study included analyses of lifestyle and dietary healthfulness changes using 958 survey responses from US primary household food purchasers. Information was collected related to demographics, COVID-19-related household changes, and health-related habits before and during the pandemic. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness during the pandemic period. Overall, 59.8%, 16.4%, and 23.4% of participants reported that their eating habits likely changed, may have changed, and likely did not change, respectively. Of the participants whose dietary habits likely or may have changed, 64.1%, 16.8%, and 19% reported healthier, neither healthier nor less healthy, and less healthy eating habits, respectively. COVID-19-related income loss, more meals consumed with household members in front of the television, an increase in food advertisement exposure, increased perceived stress, and better perceived current health were significant predictors of a perceived increase in dietary healthfulness. Overall, dietary habits were perceived to become healthier during the pandemic. The predictors of perceived improvement in dietary healthfulness were surprising and indicate the need for further study of these factors in crisis and noncrisis situations.

scholarly journals Lifestyle, psychological stress, and incidence of adolescent constipation: results from the Toyama birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Yamada ◽  
Michikazu Sekine ◽  
Takashi Tatsuse ◽  
Yuko Fujimura
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Bowel Movement Frequency ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Abstract Background We aimed to clarify the predisposing factors for adolescent constipation in a longitudinal study, because while factors associated with childhood constipation have been reported, prospective studies on the incidence of constipation are lacking. Methods We enrolled 5540 adolescents aged 12 to 13 years from the Toyama Birth Cohort Study—a community-based prospective study examining children’s health. The incidence of constipation, defined as bowel movement frequency of less than once every 2 days, was surveyed during the three-year period from baseline (grade 4) to follow-up (grade 7). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between the incidence of adolescent constipation and their lifestyle variables. Results A total of 261 adolescents (4.7%) developed constipation during the three-year period. Female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.62,) overweight (OR = 0.60), and infrequent intake of fruits (OR = 1.50) at baseline were associated with the incidence of constipation. Furthermore, factors related to lifestyle changes and psychological status such as skipping breakfast (OR = 1.73), becoming physically inactive (OR = 1.55), and being persistently irritated (OR = 1.80) were significantly associated with the incidence of constipation. Conclusion Our prospective study demonstrated that female sex, insufficient fruit intake, and deteriorating lifestyles such as skipping breakfast and becoming inactive during the 3-year period were associated with the incidence of adolescent constipation. Beyond anecdotal, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is recommended to reduce the incidence of adolescent constipation.

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