‘Bringing it All Back Home’ - Using RDD Telephone Methods for Large-scale Social Policy and Opinion Research in the UK

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Dominic McVey ◽  
Nick Moon ◽  
Iain Noble
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health Related Behaviour ◽  
Opinion Polls ◽  
Random Digit Dialling

Despite the extent of telephone ownership in the UK rising to levels comparable with those in the USA the use of telephone methods here, although growing, remains at a consistently and significantly lower level, even where the use of such methods might solve specific research problems. The major reason for this is the hitherto presumed inability to apply two stage Random Digit Dialling (Mitofsky-Waksberg) sampling methods. The authors review the position in the UK and the deficiencies of telephone sampling methods used there hitherto. They present proposals for a new method of implementing RDD in the UK and thus true probability sampling for telephone methods. In addition they present data from a number of surveys carried out to test the proposed methods, in particular a survey of health related behaviour and beliefs among adults aged 16-74 in England and a number of opinion polls. They also review briefly other polls carried out during the 1997 General Election campaign. They review the effectiveness of the proposed method and the possible future for telephone surveys in the UK.

Internet search query analysis can be used to demonstrate the rapidly increasing public awareness of palliative care in the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McLean ◽  
Paul Lennon ◽  
Paul Glare
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Internet Search ◽  
Search Query ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundA lack of public awareness of palliative care (PC) has been identified as one of the main barriers to appropriate PC access. Internet search query analysis is a novel methodology, which has been effectively used in surveillance of infectious diseases, and can be used to monitor public awareness of health-related topics.ObjectivesWe aimed to demonstrate the utility of internet search query analysis to evaluate changes in public awareness of PC in the USA between 2005 and 2015.MethodsGoogle Trends provides a referenced score for the popularity of a search term, for defined regions over defined time periods. The popularity of the search term ‘palliative care’ was measured monthly between 1/1/2005 and 31/12/2015 in the USA and in the UK.ResultsResults were analysed using independent t-tests and joinpoint analysis. The mean monthly popularity of the search term increased between 2008–2009 (p<0.001), 2011–2012 (p<0.001), 2013–2014 (p=0.004) and 2014–2015 (p=0.002) in the USA. Joinpoint analysis was used to evaluate the monthly percentage change (MPC) in the popularity of the search term. In the USA, the MPC increase was 0.6%/month (p<0.05); in the UK the MPC of 0.05% was non-significant.DiscussionAlthough internet search query surveillance is a novel methodology, it is freely accessible and has significant potential to monitor health-seeking behaviour among the public. PC is rapidly growing in the USA, and the rapidly increasing public awareness of PC as demonstrated in this study, in comparison with the UK, where PC is relatively well established is encouraging in increasingly ensuring appropriate PC access for all.

scholarly journals New Directions in Mental Health Care Evaluation

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-78
Author(s):  
Isaac Marks ◽  
Joseph Connolly ◽  
Matthijs Muijen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Care Evaluation ◽  
Evaluative Research ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Care Evaluation

Mental health care evaluation is a priority area as mental health care services are changing rapidly, more than are most other medical services. Budgets are finite, and there is concern for value for money in meeting the needs of patients and families. A one-day workshop brought together leading figures in the USA and Europe to discuss how a unit and consortium might be established to give cohesion and catalyse evaluative research in this fragmented field in the UK. Sound scientific data are available which have not yet been widely disseminated or used in policy making. There are rich opportunities for cross-national projects. The USA has intriguing innovations in evaluative research in mental health, some on a large scale, and these are relevant to the UK.

scholarly journals Smart Mask – Wearable IoT Solution for Improved Protection and Personal Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarkko Hyysalo ◽  
Sandun Dasanayake ◽  
Jari Hannu ◽  
Christian Schuss ◽  
Mikko Rajanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
And Control

<div> <div> <div> <p>The use of face masks is an important way to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we envision the Smart Mask, an IoT supported platform and ecosystem aiming to prevent and control the spreading of COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses. The integration of sensing, materials, AI, wireless, IoT, and software will help gathering of health data and health-related event detection in real time from the user as well as from their environment. In larger scale, with the help of AI-based analysis for health data it is possible to predict and decrease medical costs with accurate diagnoses and treatment plans, where comparison of personal data to large-scale public data enables drawing up a personal health trajectory, for example. Key research problems for smart respiratory protective equipment are identified in addition to future research directions. </p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Development of Doctoral Education: The Landscape of Doctoral Students' Experience Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
S. V. Zhuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Doctoral Education ◽  
Doctoral Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Career Trajectories ◽  
Education Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
The Uk

Regular surveys of doctoral students on their career trajectories, satisfaction with the program and the learning process, with the organization of supervision, etc. are widespread in leading foreign universities. The results of such surveys are used to improve programs and assess the effect of the introduced measures. In Russia, however, there is a lack of empirical data on the doctoral students’ experience, which makes it impossible to identify and address the reasons for the low performance of the Russian doctoral education observed over the past few years. To support the discussion about the need for such monitoring surveys in Russia, this article presents the results of an analysis of open information from the websites of about 150 foreign institutions that organize doctoral student surveys at the national, cross-university, and institutional levels. The presented review shows how actively doctoral education data collection takes place in the USA, Canada, Australia, and the UK, where there are one or more large-scale projects stimulating the collection of data from several universities, and how the results of such research are used by universities, employers, and applicants. On the example of topics related to the motivation for entering doctoral programs, to the career trajectories of doctoral students, and to the organization of supervision, it is discussed how the described research practices can be used for the evidence-based development of Russian doctoral education.

scholarly journals Behaviour change opportunities at mother and baby checks in primary care: a qualitative investigation of the experiences of GPs

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (669) ◽  
pp. e252-e259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Talbot ◽  
Emily Strong ◽  
Sarah Peters ◽  
Debbie M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health Related Behaviour ◽  
Potential Opportunity

BackgroundPregnancy is widely recognised as a ‘teachable moment’ for healthy behaviour change and the postnatal period has been identified as the opportune time to initiate this change. In the UK, all women are offered a routine health check at 6–8 weeks postpartum with their GP. This provides a potential opportunity to facilitate long-term behaviour change discussions.AimTo explore GPs’ views and experiences of using the postnatal check as a health-related behaviour change opportunity.Design and settingA qualitative, inductive study in general practice.MethodSemi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 18 GPs. Audiorecorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsOne theme emerged from the data: the postnatal check is an unrealised opportunity to facilitate health-related behaviour change. This theme was organised into three subthemes: opportunity for health-related behaviour change; role responsibility; and patient-led versus GP-led behaviour change.ConclusionAlthough GPs recognise the postnatal check as a potential opportunity for health-related behaviour change, it is underutilised as they do not perceive this to be the purpose of the check and are uncertain as to their role in facilitating lifestyle changes. To enable this long-term lifestyle behaviour change opportunity to be utilised more fully, further research is needed to understand women’s expectations of the postnatal checks and the scope for further recommendations, guidance, and communication training around behaviour change.

scholarly journals Including household effects in Big Data research: the experience of building a longitudinal residence algorithm using linked administrative data in Wales

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Susan Tingay ◽  
Matthew Roberts ◽  
Charles B.A. Musselwhite
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The effect of the wider social-environment on physical and emotional health has long been an area of study. Extrapolating the impact of the individual's immediate environment, such as living with a smoker or caring for a chronically-ill child, would potentially reduce confounding effects in health-related research. Surveys, including the UK Census, are beginning to collect data on household composition. However, these surveys are expensive, time consuming, and, as such, are only completed by a subsection of the population. Large-scale, linked databanks, such as the SAIL Databank at Swansea University, which hold routinely collected secondary use clinical and administrative datasets, are broader in scope, both in terms of the nature of the data held, and the population. The SAIL databank includes demographic data and a geographic indicator that makes it possible to identify groups of people that share accommodation, and in some cases the familial relationships among them. This paper describes a method for creating households, including considerations for how that information can be securely shared for research purposes. This approach has broad implications in Wales and beyond, opening up possibilities for more detailed population-level research that includes consideration of residential social interactions.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FORMATION OF HIGH-DENSITY LOW-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
O. A. Kryzhantovska ◽  
◽  
T. S. Rumilec ◽  
T. T. Morozova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
High Density ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Small House ◽  
The Uk

The article discusses key issues related to the historical prerequisites for the formation of a high-density low-rise residential development. This is a complex and long process, the stages of which took place at different times and in different countries of the world. Today, such a building is very promising for modern rapidly growing cities, so it is important to track the history of its formation and the features of such planning decisions at different times. Such architecture can become a new vector in the development of modern cities, because low-rise residential buildings are much more comfortable than high-rise buildings. The article gives examples of low-rise city houses in different histories and in different countries. The aim of this work is to review the historical background of the formation of modern high-density low-rise buildings. The following historical examples of low-rise high-density buildings are considered: early single-family residential buildings of the ancient settlements of Mesopotamia and Egypt, residential buildings in Ancient Greece and Rome, blocked residential buildings for workers in the 19th century. In the UK, townhouses of the 1920s and 30s. In the USA, etc. The article shows the planning decisions and the appearance of low-rise high-density residential buildings. The main features of such houses are quarterly development, large-scale man, blocked development and the presence of a small house area.

scholarly journals A seven-day cycle in COVID-19 infection and mortality rates: Are inter-generational social interactions on the weekends killing susceptible people?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itay Ricon-Becker ◽  
Ricardo Tarrasch ◽  
Pablo Blinder ◽  
Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Regular Time ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

AbstractWe observed a significant seven-day cycle in (i) reported COVID-19 new cases* (in 7/12 countries), and in (ii) reported COVID-19 deaths¥ (in 7/12 countries), based on data from the 12 developed North-American and European countries that reported more than 1,000 deaths by April 28th (Spain*, Italy* and Switzerland*, Belgium¥, Canada¥ and the USA¥, Germany*¥, Netherlands*¥, Sweden*¥ and the UK*¥). Daily reported numbers (March 29th to April 28th) are based on Our World in Data database (derived from the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention, ECDC). In all seven countries, numbers of new cases peaked on Thursday-Friday, five days after the weekend, corresponding with a reported ~5-day lag between contact with an infected person and the manifestation of clinical symptoms. Death tolls peaked on Wednesday-Thursday in all seven countries, ~12-14 days following a weekend, corresponding with the reported median of 14-day hospitalization before death. One may suspect that the weekend restricts the availability of testing or reporting of new cases, that are eventually reported during the following week. However, to completely account for both observations, this artifact should occur uniformly in all the above-mentioned countries and consistently along the entire month studied. Moreover, deaths are defined events and seems less likely to be recorded or reported inaccurately, at least for the vast majority of cases. Thus, we hypothesize that an increase in inter-generational social interactions occurs during the weekend, which facilitates transfer of COVID-19 from younger people to older vulnerable individuals. These and additional infected older people account for most recognized COVID-19 cases and deaths, which may occur at regular time intervals, specifically in this vulnerable population. Additional explanations may include weekly rhythms in immune functions, hospital care quality, or other various health-related behaviors. Our hypotheses should be re-tested and refined based on databases that accurately report events’ times when these will become available.

Relative Quality of Internet-Derived Oesophageal Cancer Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
TD Reid ◽  
C Beaton ◽  
IL Davies ◽  
D Arnold ◽  
JBM Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Worldwide internet access is increasing exponentially. The UK Government Office for National Statistics reported that between 2002 and 2009 the proportion of UK households with internet access increased from 46% to 70%. Between 2007 and 2009 the proportion of UK adults using the internet to access health information rose from 27% to 42%. Similar situations exist in Continental Europe and the USA, where 52% of internet users and 61% of adults respectively search online for medical information. In 2003 it was estimated that 4.5% of all internet searches globally were for health related information. Moreover, patients now frequently choose to seek health information online. Indeed Hesse et al reported that almost one in two patients search the internet before consulting a physician.

scholarly journals Legal challenges for the cannabis industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Peter Yeoh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Recreational Use

Purpose The purpose of this paper to examine laws and regulations applicable to cannabis in the USA and the UK, including legal reforms and international treaty obligations. Design/methodology/approach This study relies on primary data from statutes and secondary data from online and offline resources, including relevant case studies. Findings Federal laws in the USA and existing UK cannabis legal regime generally prohibit recreational use of cannabis. Increasingly, various individual states in the USA have enabled the use of cannabis health-related uses, thereby challenging the status of the UN treaties on drug enforcement. As the USA struggles to reconcile the conflicts between federal law on cannabis and individual states within its borders, much of the rest of the world, including the UK, are struggling with how best to reconcile their domestic positions with their UN treaty obligations. Social implications Recent disclosures of past recreational use of prohibited drugs by several candidates vying to be the UK Prime Minister suggests why understanding the laws governing the use of cannabis is useful and relevant to the general public. Originality/value This paper provides a general but integrated review of national laws in the USA and the UK, as well as international treaties governing the use of cannabis.

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