Therapeutic Response of Epimedium gandiflorum’s Different Doses to Restore the Antioxidant Potential and Reproductive Hormones in Male Albino Rats

Current study was planned to explore the therapeutic response of different doses of hydroethanolic extract of Epimedium grandiflorum leaves in male albino rats. Phytochemical analysis, HPLC and FTIR spectroscopy results revealed the presence of wide range of phenolic compounds and functional groups, respectively. Further, extract not induced significant hemolysis (7.56 ± 1.297%) against PBS (3.65 ± 0.35%) as negative control; while have significant clot lysis (44 ± 5.2%) potential, exhibited DPPH (78.87 ± 5.427%) scavenging, H2O2 (31.82 ± 3.491%) scavenging, antioxidant and reducing power activities. In vivo experimentation in albino male rats’ revealed that administration of different doses (50, 100, 200 mg/Kg b.w.) of extract orally for 42 days after CCl4 intoxication significantly (P < 0.05) restore the selected parameters including liver enzymes, renal profiles, and stress markers and significantly (P < 0.05) increased reproductive hormones like testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and prolactin while significantly (P < 0.05) decreased progesterone and estradiol toward normal in dose dependent manner. Significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the structural architecture of testicular tissue particularly in high dose group (200 mg/Kg b.w.) was also observed. Results revealed E. grandiflorum has significant therapeutic response to address the healthcare problems particularly of impotency.

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Thiamethoxam Actara® induced alterations in kidney liver cerebellum and hippocampus of male rats

Journal of Xenobiotics ◽

10.4081/xeno.2017.7149 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hassina Khaldoun-Oularbi ◽

Noura Bouzid ◽

Soumia Boukreta ◽

Chahrazed Makhlouf ◽

Fariza Derriche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Male Rats ◽

Albino Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Neonicotinoid Insecticide ◽

Group 2 ◽

Histopathological Studies ◽

Kidney Liver ◽

Dose Dependent

Thiamethoxam (TMX), a second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, is one of the most widely used insecticides in Algeria. The present study assessed the effects of repeated subchronic exposure to the commercial formulation of thiamethoxam (Actara®, 25% WG) in albino male rats. The toxic effects of thiamethoxam (TMX) were studied biochemically and histopathologically. Twenty-eight male albino rats weighing between 226 and 243 g were randomly assigned to four groups. One group served as control, and the other three were served as experimental groups administered a neonicotinoid thiamethoxam (TMX; 26, 39 and 78 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. The effects of the insecticide on various biochemical parameters were evaluated at 2, 4 and 6 weeks. Histopathological studies were carried out in the liver, kidney, cerebellum and hippocampus at the end of the experiment. Changes in biochemical parameters glucose, ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), γGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase) ALP (alkaline phosphatase) urea and creatinine were observed in treated-groups in a dose dependent manner when compared to the control. Histopathological alterations were more intense in male rats from the TMX high dose group than those from group 2 and 3. Based on these results, subchronic oral administration of thiamethoxam altered the biochemical parameters, which correlated with histopathological changes in the liver kidney and brain.

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A Comparative Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants on Male Fertility Indices (Reproductive Hormones and Sperm Profile) of Albino Wistar Rats: An Animal Case Study

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v29i230138 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Oliver E. Ngwu ◽

J. I. Okoye

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Male Rats ◽

Mucuna Pruriens ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Velvet Bean ◽

Testosterone Concentration ◽

Group 1

The study aims to investigate the effects of the medicinal plants {seeds} on the reproductive hormones and sperm profile of male albino rats to ascertain their possible usefulness as fertility agent. Walnuts [Tetracarpidium conophorum], Sesame (Sesamine indicum), and Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) seeds were obtained and taken to the Department of plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN). The seeds were milled into fine powder. One hundred and ten sexually matured aibino rats of about twelve weeks weighing 130-180 g were divided into eleven groups (1-11) using completely randomized design. There were two different control groups and rats in group 1 served as the Control 1 and were fed with normal commercial feed. Rats in group 2 were administered with a drug (Ketoconazole) to induce infertility. The Infertility Induced groups were treated with low dose (groups 3-5), medium dose (groups 6-8) and high dose (9-11) for the period of nine (9) weeks. At the end and testes and Epididymides were surgically removed and weighed. Blood sample analysis revealed that the concentration of sex hormones measured in the male rats fed with medium plants (seeds) showed that the testosterone concentration significanty increased (p<0.05) in animal control group 1(normal rats) Therefore, these medicinal plants walnut seeds showed significant increase in their testosterone concentration, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which significantly enhanced the production of reproductive hormones which enriched the fertility status of these animals.

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Antioxidant Properties and Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Pulcria crispa on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters of Albino Rats

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i3330944 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

Haytham M. Daradka ◽

Ramadan Al- Shdefat ◽

Areej A. Eskandrani

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Different Doses

Background: Pulcria crispa (P. crispa) is an herbal plant traditionally used to treat common ailments. Objective: In this study, we investigated P. crispa for its phytochemical constituents, antioxidant properties and effects on biochemical and hematological parameters as well as safety in albino rats. Methods: Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of P. crispa was conducted using standard procedures. In vitro 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay were used for the investigation of antioxidant activity of extract. Acute effects on physical and behavioral changes and mortality were monitored up to 72 h after administration of different doses of C. crispa Chronic effects on body to organ ratio, biochemical and hematological parameters were measured after administration of rats with different doses of P. crispa extract for 30 days. Results: Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins were the most abundant constituents found in P. crispa extract, which displayed a significant antioxidant activity measured by reducing power and DPPH assays. No physical, behavioral changes and mortality were noted following the acute treatment of rats with the extract. Similarly, no significant change in body to organ weight ratio was observed after chronic treatment. Hematological parameters including RBCs, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH and MCHC values were unaltered while W.B.C count was elevated in P.crispa administered rats compared to control. crispa extract significantly reduced glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, bilirubin, AST and ALT levels, whereas, triglycerides and total protein levels were increased in response to P.crispa treatment. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that P. crispa extract is rich in bioactive compounds and possesses significant antioxidant properties. Extract was also found to be safe and had no significant adverse effects on hematological parameters and exerted beneficial effects on biochemical parameters.

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Effect of Tramadol on Sperm Profile of Male Albino Rats

Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry ◽

10.9734/ajrb/2018/v3i429844 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

I. S. Esua ◽

U. U. Uno ◽

U. B. Ekaluo

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Sperm Head ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Sperm Viability ◽

Albino Rat ◽

Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Tramadol is a potent analgesic effective in the treatment of mild to severe pains. However, the use of the drug can pose a threat to other organs and systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of graded doses of tramadol on sperm profile of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) using completely randomized design (CRD) with six rats in each group. Rats in group A served as the control group and were given just food and water while groups B and C were given tramadol at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively, daily for the period of 65 days. The treatment was administered via oral gavage and at the end of the treatments, the rats were sacrificed. Immediately after sacrifice, a puncture was made in the epididymis with a sterile pin and examined for semen pH. The epididymes were processed for epididymal sperm motility, viability, count and sperm head abnormality. Results: There was no significant difference in the weight of testes and semen pH. Sperm viability, sperm motility, sperm count and weight of epididymes significantly reduced (p<0.05) in tramadol treated animals when compared with the control. Results also indicated statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in sperm head abnormalities in rats treated with tramadol when compared with the control. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study reveal that tramadol has negative effects on weight of epididymes, sperm count, sperm viability, sperm motility and sperm head abnormalities in male albino rat as mammalian models in a dose dependent manner.

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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ULVA LACTUCA POLYPHENOLS FRACTION: CARDIOPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AGAINST ISOPROTERENOL-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i9.34629 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 133-136

Author(s):

RAVINDRAN NT ◽

MOHAMED SADIQ A

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Serum Markers ◽

Ulva Lactuca ◽

Albino Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Antioxidant Markers

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the activity of Ulva lactuca polyphenols fraction in protecting the myocardial infarction induced by a high dose of isoproterenol. Methods: This study was carried out using Wistar albino rats divided into six groups. Group 1 was the normal group. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 received isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) i.p. twice at an interval of 24 h on the 14th and 15th day. In addition to isoproterenol, Group 3 received verapamil (5 μmol/kg) as a single dose intravenously on the 14th day 10 min before isoproterenol and Groups 4, 5, and 6 received U. lactuca polyphenols fraction at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, for 14 days. On the 16th day, serum and heart samples were harvested from the animals and the cardioprotective and antioxidant activities were assessed by studying the levels of cardiac functional heart marker enzymes, lipid profile, reduced glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes. Results: U. lactuca polyphenols fraction, at the tested doses, restored the levels of all serum markers and enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and reduced glutathione) and heart homogenate antioxidant markers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) significantly, in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study suggests that U. lactuca polyphenols fraction has a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction and possess antioxidant activities.

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Biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney in male Wistar albino rats following exposure to Solignum®: a permethrincontaining wood preservative

Journal of Xenobiotics ◽

10.4081/xeno.2014.4596 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kingsley C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu ◽

Iniobong A. Charles

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Chronic Exposure ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Wood Preservative ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Male Rats ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

The present investigation was aimed to determine the effect of sub-chronic exposure to Solignum®, a permethrin-containing wood preservative on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidneys of male Wistar albino rats. Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control and three treatment concentrations containing 8 rats each. The treatment groups were exposed to Solignum® at dose rates of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively per day orally for four weeks. Data obtained from the study showed a progressive increase in the body weight of rats in control whereas, rats treated with different concentrations (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) of Solignum® decreased significantly (≤0.05) especially at the end of the second and fourth week when compared with control. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in the relative liver weights of rats treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BW Solignum® while rats treated with 400 mg/kg BW showed a significant increase when compared with control. The relative weight of kidneys in experimental groups increased significantly when compared with control. Biochemical analysis results illustrated that there was a significant increase in marker enzymes namely alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity at the end of the fourth week. Similarly, total bilirubin, serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Cl-) levels increased in a dose dependent manner in treated rats when compared with untreated control group. Serum total protein decreased significantly in experimental rats when compared with control. However, cholesterol and triglycerides showed no significant difference when compared with control. Histopathological examination of hepatocytes in treated rats was characterized by mild periportal inflammatory cells and cytoplasmic degeneration. Furthermore, histopathological examination of rat kidneys revealed inflammatory cells, congested vessel and interstitial hemorrhage in rats treated with Solignum®. Therefore, this present study is aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potentials associated with sub-chronic exposure to the commercial pesticide Solignum®.

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227 AN ALTERATION IN GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS INDUCED BY DI-(2 ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE AND FLUTAMIDE IN THE TESTIS OF IMMATURE MALE RATS

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv21n1ab227 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 211

Author(s):

K.-C. Choi ◽

T. T. B. Vo ◽

E.-M. Jung ◽

V. H. Dang ◽

E.-B. Jeung

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Male Reproductive System ◽

Male Rats ◽

Calcium Signal ◽

High Dose ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Immature Male ◽

Serum Lh ◽

Ethylhexyl Phthalate

In a previous study, we demonstrated that although endocrine disruptors (EDs) with androgenic and anti-androgenic effects may alter reproductive function, their effects on the developing male reproductive organs may be distinct. To continue this line of study, we treated immature rats to examine the adverse effects of di-(2 ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and flutamide (Flu) on the male reproductive system. Immature male SD rats were treated daily with DEHP and/or Flu at postnatal day (PND) 21 to 35 in a dose-dependent manner, and the changes evoked by these EDs were determined by differences in male reproductive tract and other organ weights, testicular histology, and serum LH and testosterone levels in combination with global microarray analysis. Interestingly, the testes, prostate, seminal vesicle weight, and anogenital distances were significantly decreased in response to the highest dose of DEHP and Flu. There were no differences in serum LH and testosterone concentration at PND 35 for immature male rats exposed to DEHP and/or Flu. However, treatment with DEHP and/or Flu caused histopathological changes in testes in which the degeneration and denseness of germ cells and/or dilatation of the tubular lumen were observed in response to the high dose [500 mg kg–1 of body weight (BW)] of DEHP and medium dose (10 mg kg–1 of BW) of Flu. Additionally, the results from cDNA microarray indicated that 1272 genes were up-regulated (more than 2-fold) and 1969 genes were down-regulated in response to DEPH and/or Flu. These genes were identified based on their roles in some physiological processes (i.e. lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, steroidogenesis, sex determination, and calcium signal transduction). The significant decreases were observed in the expressions of steroidogenic genes (i.e. Star, Cyp11a1, or Hsd3b). In addition, a common set of targeting genes, including CaBP1, Vav2, Plcd1, Lhx1, and Isoc1, were altered following EDs exposure, suggesting a potential set of biomarker genes for screening anti-androgenic and/or androgenicity of EDs. Taken together, we demonstrated that exposure to DEHP and/or Flu resulted in a temporal alteration in gene expression profile in the testes of immature male rats, and their toxicological effects on male reproductive system are distinct depending on their anti-androgenicity, suggesting new insight into molecular mechanism(s) underlying detrimental impacts of EDs with anti-androgenic activities in human and wildlife.

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Preparation and Evaluation of the Curative Effect of Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) Skin Collagen Composite Gel in a Rat Oral Ulcers Model

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1924-1931

Author(s):

Meineng Huang ◽

Sheng Jiang ◽

Tong Chen ◽

Xu Han ◽

Xinyu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Curative Effect ◽

Blue Shark ◽

Shark Skin ◽

Oral Ulcers ◽

Composite Gel ◽

Skin Collagen

Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of blue shark skin collagen composite gel on oral mucosal ulcer using the rat oral ulcers model stimulated by glacial acetic acid. Methods: Collagen from blue shark skin was isolated and physiochemically characterized by FTIR, SDS-PAGE and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Seventy standard male rats were divided into seven groups. The surface and the area of the ulcer were observed and calculated daily. After 12 days of administration, rats in the model group and the control group were killed and the ulcer and surrounding tissues were cut to pieces about one mm3 size. The specimens were stained with 10% formalin solution, paraffinembedded sections, HE staining and light microscope were used to observe the histopathological changes in ulcer tissues. Results: The high-dose group had the fastest ulcer healing effects after 12 days of treatment with blue shark skin collagen composite gel. The composite gel was found to significantly accelerate the healing of oral ulcers in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The blue shark skin collagen composite gel in this study may be a good biomedical material candidate for the treatment of oral ulcers in the near future. Potential of other marine fish skin collagen comples on healing oral ulcers should be also considered.

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Effects of Ribavirin on Thickness of Testicular Capsule in Albino Rats

BioMedica ◽

10.51441/biomedica/5-282 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 123-129

Author(s):

Alvia Batool ◽

Maryam Fatima ◽

Fozia Farzana

Keyword(s):

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Transient Effects ◽

Mature Adult ◽

Time Points ◽

Mutagenic Property ◽

Testicular Capsule ◽

Different Doses

Background and Objective: Ribavirin (RBV), due to its mutagenic property, exerts cytotoxic effects on the testicular seminiferous tubules and its interstitium in various experimental animals. However, no study was done on the morphology of testicular capsule. Therefore, the present experimental study is designed to observe the transient effects of RBV in different doses on the testicular capsule thickness in albino rats. Methods: A total of 72 sexually mature adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: A (control) and, B, C, D where RBV was administered intraperitoneally for 5 days in different doses (20, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively). Group received distilled water intraperitoneally. Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to three sacrificial time points that were 20th, 40th, and 60th day from the last exposure to drug. Randomly selected rats from each group were sacrificed on every time point. Histological slides were prepared and changes were observed microscopically. Results: On 20th sacrificial day, the increase in the thickness of capsules was seen in all groups with subcapsular edema in comparison to control group (p < 0.001). After discontinuation of drug, histological evidence of recovery in the form of decrease in the thickness of capsule with decrease in subcapsular edema were observed in low dose groups on 40th and 60th sacrificial days as compared to high dose groups which showed late recovery on both time points (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The testicular capsular thickening induced by RBV is reversible after cessation of treatment.

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Effect of Ashwagandharishta on the lipid profile of male and female rats

Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/jujbs.v9i1-2.53707 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1-2) ◽

pp. 59-68

Author(s):

Tasmina Rahman ◽

Mohammad Salahuddin Bhuiya ◽

Rakib Hasan ◽

MSK Choudhuri

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

Albino Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats

The effect of Ashwagandharishta on the lipid profile and chronic toxicity of both male and female Albino rats were observed for 51 days. Our results demonstrate that the treatment of the plant extract failed to exhibit any statistically significant change (increase/ decrease) in the serum cholesterol (Total), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride of the male rats. But the female rats showed highly (p<0.01) and very highly (p<0.001) significant decrease in the serum cholesterol (Total) levels of the medium and high dose treated groups respectively. Regarding HDL, ASG showed statistically significant decrease at low (p <0.05), medium (p<0.01) and high (p<0.001) dose treated female rats. The LDL level of the medium dose treated female rats were statistically significant (p <0.05). The serum Triglyceride decreased significantly at low (p<0.01) and high (p <0.05) dose treated female rats. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 9(1 & 2): 59-68, 2020 (June & December)

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