Detection of Circulating CEA-IgM Complexes in Early Stage Colorectal Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Castaldi ◽  
M. Marino ◽  
L. Beneduce ◽  
C. Belluco ◽  
F. De Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Detection Specificity

We have recently shown that alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), biomarkers associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, may be detected in patient sera as circulating immune complexes with IgM, and that assessment of serum levels of AFP-IgM and SCCA-IgM may be used for the detection of liver cancer. In this study we measured the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as free form (FCEA) and complexed to IgMs (CEA-IgM) in sera of patients affected by colorectal carcinoma (CRC) at different stages as well as in healthy subjects. FCEA levels were above the 5 ng/mL cutoff in 43% of CRC patients (31/72) and CEA-IgM levels were above the 200 AU/mL cutoff in 38% of CRC patients (27/72). Serum levels of CEA-IgM immune complexes (IC) and FCEA did not overlap and 64% of patients (46/72) were positive for at least one marker without compromising the detection specificity (94%). Early detection of CRC was significantly improved by CEA-IgM IC assay. CRC patients at an early stage (stage 1) had elevated CEA-IgM levels in 29% of cases (7/24), while FCEA levels were elevated in only 8% of cases (2/24). These results indicate that CEA-IgM is a complementary serological marker to FCEA which is much more sensitive for early stage CRC, and that the combination of these biomarkers may be useful in the early detection of colorectal cancer.

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen serum levels as prognostic parameter in patients with early stage vulvar cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 904-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas A. Hefler ◽  
Gerhard Sliutz ◽  
Sepp Leodolter ◽  
Paul Speiser ◽  
Elmar Joura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Vulvar Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen ◽  
Prognostic Parameter

scholarly journals Evaluation of Liver Enzymes and calculation of AST to ALT ratio in patients with acute viral hepatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Arun Pandeya ◽  
Naveen Kumar Shreevastva ◽  
Arun Dhungana ◽  
Anup Pandeya ◽  
Binita Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Control Serum

Background: Acute viral hepatitis is a common liver-associated abnormality encountered in clinical practice. The number of biochemical parameters is estimated to detect a hepatic abnormality, which can measure the severity and types of damage to hepatocytes, among which liver enzymes and bilirubin levels are assessed routinely which are raised in acute viral hepatitis.Objective: This study aims to assess the liver enzymes, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, and calculation of AST to ALT ratio in acute viral hepatitis and to compare these parameters with the control group.Methodology: This study included a total of 81 subjects diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis as cases and age and sex-matched, the same number of healthy subjects as control. Serum levels of AST and ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin were analyzed using standard methods. Serum AST to ALT ratio was calculated. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 17.0 and the results were expressed as mean ±standard deviation (SD).Results: A mean serum activities of aminotransferases were statistically significantly raised in viral hepatitis compared to that in control.AST (514.85±350.66 VS 25.65±5.29; p<0.001) and ALT (781.65±525.69 VS 27.94±6.50; p<0.001). Similarly, serum levels of(ALP)were significantly increased in acute viral hepatitis compared to that in control (202.17±75.46 VS 98.83±27.99; p<0.001. However, a ratio of AST to ALT was decreased significantly (0.66±0.15 VS 0.94±0.21; p= 0.001) in acute viral hepatitis compared to that in control.Conclusion: Both the aminotransferases and bilirubin levels are raised significantly, where, a rise in ALT is greater than a rise in AST, hence, the ratio of AST to ALT is decreased significantly in acute viral hepatitis than that in control. Thus, this decreased pattern of AST to ALT can diagnose acute viral hepatitis at an early stage and can help appropriate care and treatment to the patients.

scholarly journals Hsa_circ_001659 serves as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyu He ◽  
Wei Chao ◽  
Zhizhuo Huang ◽  
Jianchao Zeng ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is prevalent worldwide and novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are needed to improve precision medicine. Circulating circular RNAs (circRNAs) are currently being considered as emerging tumor biomarkers. Methods: Candidate circRNA was selected by integrating analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using GEO2R program. The expression data of serum circ_001659 were obtained from the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic curves were applied to evaluate the clinical applications of circ_001659. Finally, biological functions and potential mechanisms of circ_001659 in tumor progression were investigated in CRC progression. Results: The results showed that the diagnostic performance of serum circ_001659 were excellent for CRC detection. The predictive values and likelihood ratios were satisfactory for the diagnosis of CRC, including patients in early-stage disease or patients with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-negative status. Serum levels of circ_001659 declined significantly 3 months after surgery in both preoperative CEA-positive and CEA-negative patients. Functionally, circ_001659 influenced tumor cell metastasis via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cytoskeleton organization. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that circ_001659 could be a useful serum biomarker for CRC diagnosis and prognosis. Targeting circ_001659 and its pathway may be meaningful for treating patients with CRC.

Impact of screening on presentation and survival of colorectal cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1535-1535
Author(s):  
M. S. Beg ◽  
A. Gupta ◽  
R. Komrokji ◽  
M. Atiq ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood Testing ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Fecal Occult ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Stage Stage

1535 Background: There is an increasing emphasis and utilization of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We evaluated the effect of screening on CRC presentation and outcome. Methods: We reviewed all the invasive CRC cases diagnosed between Jan 1995-Dec 2005 at the Cincinnati Veteran’s Affairs hospital. Individual case records were reviewed and the data collected including patient demographics, treatment, outcome, mode of presentation as well as whether CRC was detected as a result of screening. Results: Altogether 288 patients were diagnosed with CRC during the study period. The median age at presentation was 69.3 years and 18.8% were African-Americans. Early stage CRC was diagnosed in 63.4% cases (stage 1: 32.7%, stage 2: 30.8%) and 33.3% were diagnosed at advanced stage (stage 3: 18.1% and stage 4: 15.3%). Seventy seven (26.7%) CRCs were asymptomatic at presentation and were diagnosed as a result of screening. Predominant screening modalities included fecal occult blood testing (46.8%) and flexible sigmoidoscopy (22.1%). The proportion of screen- detected cases increased from 19% in 1995–1999 to 32% in 2000–05 (p = 0.047). Demographics, including age and race, as well as the site of CRC were similar to symptomatic cases. Screen-detected cancers presented early, with 77.9% presenting at early stage (stage 1: 55.8%, stage 2: 22.1%), compared to 51.5% (stage 1: 21.0%, stage 2: 30.5%) of symptomatic cancers (p <0.01). Only 1.3% of screen-detected CRC was found to be metastatic as compared to 21.0% of the symptomatic cases. The screen-detected cancers had significant survival advantage compared to symptomatic cases; with median survival being 81 months vs. 43 months in the latter (p =0.018). A proportional hazard regression analysis indicated that this improvement in survival was related to the fact that screening resulted in earlier stage at diagnosis. Only 20.3% of screen-detected CRC received adjuvant chemotherapy compared to 41.4% of symptomatic cases (p=0.002). Conclusions: An increasing proportion of CRC is being diagnosed as a result of screening. These cancers present at an earlier stage and are associated with a significantly improved survival. However, most CRC still presents symptomatically and more effective population screening is needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Underexpression of let-7a-5p and let-7f-5p microRNAs in Plasma and Stool Samples from Early Stage Colorectal Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 7s1 ◽  
pp. BIC.S25252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ghanbari ◽  
Neda Mosakhani ◽  
Virinder K. Sarhadi ◽  
Gemma Armengol ◽  
Nazila Nouraee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Improve Patient Survival ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Improve Patient

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Early detection of CRC can improve patient survival rates; thus, the identification of noninvasive diagnostic markers is urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have extensive potential to diagnose several diseases, including cancer. In this study, we compared the expression pattern of miRNAs from plasma and stool samples of patients with early stages of CRC (I, II) with that of healthy subjects. We performed miRNA profiling using microarrays on plasma and stool samples of eight patients with CRC and four healthy subjects. Seven miRNAs were found to be underexpressed in both plasma and stool samples of patients with CRC versus healthy subjects. Then, we aimed to verify two out of these seven differentially expressed miRNAs (let-7a-5p and let-7f-5p) by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on a larger set of plasma and stool samples of 51 patients with CRC and 26 healthy subjects. We confirmed the results of microarray analysis since their expression was significantly lower in stool and plasma samples of patients with CRC. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that fecal let-7f expression levels have significant sensitivity and specificity to distinguish between patients with CRC and healthy subjects. In conclusion, if the results are confirmed in larger series of patients, underexpressed let-7a-5p and let-7f-5p miRNAs in both plasma and stool samples of patients with CRC may serve potentially as noninvasive molecular biomarkers for the early detection of CRC.

scholarly journals Identification of microbial markers across populations in early detection of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanqi Wu ◽  
Na Jiao ◽  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Yida Zhang ◽  
Dingfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr

AbstractAssociations between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer (CRC) have been widely investigated. However, the replicable markers for early-stage adenoma diagnosis across multiple populations remain elusive. Here, we perform an integrated analysis on 1056 public fecal samples, to identify adenoma-associated microbial markers for early detection of CRC. After adjusting for potential confounders, Random Forest classifiers are constructed with 11 markers to discriminate adenoma from control (area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.80), and 26 markers to discriminate adenoma from CRC (AUC = 0.89), respectively. Moreover, we validate the classifiers in two independent cohorts achieving AUCs of 0.78 and 0.84, respectively. Functional analysis reveals that the altered microbiome is characterized with increased ADP-l-glycero-beta-d-manno-heptose biosynthesis in adenoma and elevated menaquinone-10 biosynthesis in CRC. These findings are validated in a newly-collected cohort of 43 samples using quantitative real-time PCR. This work proves the validity of adenoma-specific markers across multi-populations, which would contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

scholarly journals The Importance of Molecular Diagnostics and Screening Programs in Monitoring and Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer in the Republic of North Macedonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Jovanka Trpkovska ◽  
Nevenka Velickova
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Republic

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant diseases (12 % of the total) that occurs with an incidence of 15 – 30 new cases per 100,000 population per year in European Union countries. The risk of this disease during life depends on many factors such as age, diet, physical activity, personal and family predisposition. Several preventive measures can reduce the number of colorectal cancer patients. First of all, the regular screening which allows the detection of precancerous polyps or cancer in the early stage and their successful surgical removal. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of screening programs as a preventive measure for the early detection of colorectal cancer and to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this disease. The strategy for improving the early detection of colorectal cancer also implies availability of useful information about the importance of screening programs for everyone as well as educating health care staff about the program itself. Number of newly registered colorectal cancer cases in 2009 in the Republic North Macedonia stands at 547 with a rate of 26.7 compared to 2018 with 839 newly registered cases with a rate of 40.4 which clearly indicates an increasing trend of colorectal cancer. Multidisciplinary approach to early detection of colorectal cancer, continuity of Program funding and quality of services will lead to reduction of morbidity and mortality of this type of cancer.

scholarly journals Insight of microRNA role in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan-Liang Lye ◽  
Loh Teng-Hern Tan ◽  
Hui-Min Yap
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
High Association ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The colorectal cancer is among the most predominant cancer in the world including Malaysia. Numerous factors could contribute towards colorectal carcinogenesis and one of the factors is genetic predisposition. Mutations in the V-KiRas2 (Kras) oncogene have been implicated in 30-50% of the colorectal cancer patients and usually lead to poorer prognosis. The challenging ability for the early detection of colorectal cancer still poses an enormous challenge to oncologist as there are limited or no signs or symptoms in the early stage of colorectal cancer. Many studies were conducted hoping to further understand colorectal cancer for a better diagnosis and prognosis. As early detection of colorectal cancer frequently leads to good prognosis. The gold standard for prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. Lately a group of small, non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibited capable outcomes in cancer research. Numerous miRNAs were discovered to play a key role in regulatory mechanism in numerous cancers. Differential miRNAs expression among tumors and non-tumor controls are highly valuable in recognizing miRNAs that could have vital role in carcinogenesis. Recently some miRNAs were discovered to play a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Thus, miRNAs have emerged as highly useful tool for scientists to comprehend carcinogenesis better. For example, miR-21 and miR-106a were highly expressed in colorectal cancer. While miRNAs including miR-17-92 cluster, miR-21, miR-34, miR-135 and miR-196a also exhibited high association with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this article aims to provide insight of miRNAs role in colorectal cancer for a better understanding of this disease.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Carcinoembryonic and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Related to Some Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Colorectal Cancer Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratko Tomašević ◽  
Tomica Milosavljević ◽  
Dragoš Stojanović ◽  
Zoran Gluvić ◽  
Predrag Dugalić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histological Characteristics

SummaryBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important oncological and public health problem worldwide, including Serbia. Unfortunately, half of the patients are recognized in an advanced stage of the disease, therefore, early detection through specific tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), is the only way to cope with CRC expansion.Methods: Our cross-sectional study evaluated the influence of some clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of CRC on CEA and CA 19-9 serum levels, to determine whether these biomarkers could be related to CRC detection. The study included 372 participants: 181 suffered from CRC and 191 participants were controls. Endoscopic and histological examinations were used for CRC diagnosis, while additional ultrasound and abdominal computerised tomography imaging were used for staging the disease. Measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 was performed after CRC confirmation.Results: Age, gender, tumor localization, macro-morphological and histological characteristics did not influence biomarkers serum levels. Both were significantly higher (p<0.01) in patients with Dukes D stage of CRC compared with controls. Sensitivity (76.8%) and specificity (76.6%) of CEA alone were higher than for CA 19-9, but with no statistical significance. Furthermore, sensitivity of CEA alone in the Dukes A/B group was similar to the entire CRC patient group.Conclusions: Although not recommended as a screening method for the general population, elevated values of each biomarker indicate further diagnostic procedures and their simultaneous testing can improve the diagnostic sensitivity in early detection of CRC, as shown by the united analysis (AUC 0.842).

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Blood-Based Biomarkers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hauptman ◽  
Damjan Glavač
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Mortality and morbidity associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing globally, partly due to lack of early detection of the disease. The screening is usually performed with colonoscopy, which is invasive and unpleasant, discouraging participation in the screening. As a source of noninvasive and easily accessible biomarkers, liquid biopsies are emerging. Blood-based biomarkers have the potential as diagnostic and prognostic tool in CRC. Early stage detection of CRC with high sensitivity and specificity would likely lead to higher participation in the screening test. It would also improve the prognosis of the disease and improve the recurrence risk. In this review, we summarize the potential biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of CRC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document