Selling the role of salvage: Cell salvage past and present

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Lucy Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Salvage ◽  
Autologous Transfusion ◽  
Allogenic Transfusion ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Meta Analyses

The use of transfused blood, be it from an allogenic (donor) or autologous (same patient) source, is not a new treatment and in fact has been experimented with since the mid 1800s. The role of cell salvage and re-infusion of a patient’s own blood, however, has only begun to gain real popularity in the last 20 years, after the undertaking of several large scale meta-analyses which have shown that not only is autologous transfusion no less efficacious when compared to allogenic transfusion, but also potentially safer for a number of reasons. Autologous transfusion is also more cost effective overall and potentially quicker to initiate in an emergency situation. Despite the body of evidence to support the use of salvaged blood for transfusion, hesitation around its use still persists, with staff apprehension around set up of cell salvage equipment and general underestimation of intraoperative blood loss being key factors in its underuse.

Role of Rasayana in Prevention of COVID-19 - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 716-722
Author(s):  
Sneha Dhakite ◽  
Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
And Control

The “Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)” is caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, a newly discovered member of the Coronaviridae family of viruses which is a highly communicable. There is no effective medical treatment till date for Coronavirus disease hence prevention is the best way to keep disease away. Rasayana proved to be highly efficacious and cost effective for the Prevention and Control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are lacking. Rasayana Chikitsa is one of the eight branches of Ashtanga Ayurveda which helps to maintain healthy life style. Rasayana improves immunity and performs many vital functions of human body. Vyadhikshamatva that is immune mechanism of the body is involved in Prevention of the occurrence of a new disease and it also decreases the virulence and progression of an existing disease. In COVID-19 the Respiratory system mainly get affected which is evident from its symptoms like cold, cough and breathlessness. Here the drugs help in enhancing immune system and strengthening functions of Respiratory system can be useful. For this purpose, the Rasayana like Chyavanprasha, Agastya Haritaki, Pippali Rasayana, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haridra, Ashwagandha, Tulsi are used. Rasayana working on Respiratory system are best for Prevention of Coronavirus and boosting immune system. Rasayana Chikitsa can be effective in the Prevention as well as reducing symptoms of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Environmental Engineering Techniques to Restore Degraded Posidonia oceanica Meadows

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Luigi Piazzi ◽  
Stefano Acunto ◽  
Francesca Frau ◽  
Fabrizio Atzori ◽  
Maria Francesca Cinti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Sessile Invertebrates ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Time

Seagrass planting techniques have shown to be an effective tool for restoring degraded meadows and ecosystem function. In the Mediterranean Sea, most restoration efforts have been addressed to the endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica, but cost-benefit analyses have shown unpromising results. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of environmental engineering techniques generally employed in terrestrial systems to restore the P. oceanica meadows: two different restoration efforts were considered, either exploring non-degradable mats or, for the first time, degradable mats. Both of them provided encouraging results, as the loss of transplanting plots was null or very low and the survival of cuttings stabilized to about 50%. Data collected are to be considered positive as the survived cuttings are enough to allow the future spread of the patches. The utilized techniques provided a cost-effective restoration tool likely affordable for large-scale projects, as the methods allowed to set up a wide bottom surface to restore in a relatively short time without any particular expensive device. Moreover, the mats, comparing with other anchoring methods, enhanced the colonization of other organisms such as macroalgae and sessile invertebrates, contributing to generate a natural habitat.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of the implementation of autologous transfusion technologies throughout England

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Dixon ◽  
Virge James ◽  
Daniel Hind ◽  
Craig J. Currie
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Salvage ◽  
Autologous Transfusion ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Intraoperative Cell Salvage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Preoperative Autologous Donation

Objectives:This study aims to provide the first estimates of the costs and effects of the large scale introduction of autologous transfusion technologies into the United Kingdom National Health Service.Methods:A model was constructed to allow disparate data sources to be combined to produce estimates of the scale, costs, and effects of introducing four interventions. The interventions considered were preparing patients for surgery (PPS) clinics, preoperative autologous donation (PAD), intraoperative cell salvage (ICS), and postoperative cell salvage (PoCS).Results:The key determinants of cost per operation are the anticipated level of reductions in blood use, the mean level of blood use, mean length of stay, and the cost of the technology. The results show the potential for considerable reductions in blood use. The greatest reductions are anticipated to be through the use of PPS and ICS. Vascular surgery, transplant surgery, and cardiothoracic surgery appear to be the specialties that will benefit most from the technologies.Conclusions:Several simplifications were used in the production of these estimates; consequently, caution should be used in their interpretation and use. Despite the drawbacks in the methods used in the study, the model shows the scale of the issue, the importance of gathering better data, and the form that data must take. Such preliminary modeling exercises are essential for rational policy development and to direct future research and discussion among stakeholders.

Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Ru3Pd6Pt Cathode Catalyst in a PEM Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Leyva-Noyola ◽  
O. Solorza-Feria
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Set Up

Nanoparticles of Ru3Pd6Pt have been previously produced by different synthesis routes that involve high temperatures and relative high pressures and long time. The usage of a conventional microwave assisted synthesis reduces environmental risk impact as well as the cost effective production in large scale with minimum set up modifications. These features are the motivations for the use of microwaves in the synthesis of the Ru3Pd6Pt catalyst for PEM fuel cell applications to reduce the Pt loading. In this communication a tri-metallic electrocatalyst was produced by the reduction of the corresponding metallic salts, RuCl3, PdCl2, and H2PtCl6 in ethylene glycol using a modified conventional microwave device. Oxygen reduction reaction kinetic analysis results conducted to a Tafel slope, (-b = 41.2 ± 1.7 mV dec-1) at low overpotential, and exchange current density (i0 = 3.01 ± 0.39 × 10-5 mA cm-2) in 0.5M H2SO4. This electrocatalyst exhibited good performance and stability in a single H2/O2PEM fuel cell.

Effective zinc mobilization to rice grains using rhizobacterial consortium

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sachin Kumar Vaid ◽  
Prakash Chandra Srivastava ◽  
Satya Pratap Pachauri ◽  
Anita Sharma ◽  
Deepa Rawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Set Up

Low Zn in staple food grains like rice is closely related to large scale Zn malnutrition in many countries of the World. Zinc biofortification of rice grains by some cost effective agronomic method is important for low income farmers. To explore the possibility of enhancing the bioavailability of Zn in rice grains besides higher yields of two cultivars, the combinations of varying Zn fertilizer doses with or without inoculation of rhizobacteria consortium under split plot design set up were evaluated in two years field trials. Microbial inoculation + 5 kg Zn ha-1 to I year rice crop resulted in the highest number of effective tillers, grain yields, Zn concentration and uptake in grains and straw and total Zn uptake in both years. Grain yield of rice during two years increased by 19.7-27.9 and 17.1-20.4 percent over control under treatments receiving microbial inoculation + 5 kg Zn ha-1 to I year rice and 5 kg Zn ha-1 alone to I year rice crop, respectively. The highest concentration of Zn (10.9-19.1 mg kg-1) and the lowest concentration of phytic acid (18.5-25.3 g kg-1) in dehulled rice grains were recorded with soil application of 5 kg Zn ha-1; however, the values were at par with those observed under microbial inoculation + 5 kg Zn ha-1 (12.0-17.0 mg Zn kg-1 and 19.2-26.9 g phytic acid kg-1). The percent utilization of soil applied Zn increased with microbial inoculation in both the years and it was relatively higher in NDR 359 as compared to PD 16.

scholarly journals Le rôle des corvées dans le système des redevances acquittées par les habitants des villages de ius Valachicum en Petite-Pologne et en Ruthénie de la Couronne aux XVe et XVIe siècles

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 249-267
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Jawor
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up

The Role of Serfdoms in the Obligation System of the Inhabitants of Villages on the Wallachian Law in Lesser Poland (Małopolska) and Crown Ruthenia (15th-16th century). The aim of the article is an attempt to define a role of serfdoms in the system of obligations provided by the population living in the settlements established on the Wallachian law. On the basis of a critical analysis of a relatively numerous sources preserved from the region in question (in particular, the documents associated with the rights given to individual villages, inventories, and royal domain), an attempt was made to verify the common belief in the scholarship on this topic about the lack of, or at least the minimum, share of the serfdoms for the owners in the obligation system of the inhabitants. As a result, a specific feature of the Wallachian law was indicated, which was the obligation – elsewhere unknown or occurring only in minute traces – of performing small errands a few times in a year for the benefit of the dukes (kniaź). It was recorded throughout the entire studied period and in all of the areas partaking in the Wallachian colonisation. In contrast, there are many more doubts regarding the conviction about a complete lack of serfdoms for the owners of villages. The presented source material indicates that there were indeed settlements to which this duty did not apply (and perhaps this situation was even dominating), but in other places the older and usually less strenuous forms of labours were present (annual works, duties “under the order”, ect.), while the attempts to impose weekly serfdoms date back to the 1530s and 1540s. Its widespread implementation in the areas outside of mountains is strictly linked to the development of a grange, set up for the production of grain. For the Wallachian settlements this meant a limitation, and then a thorough disposal of their privileged legal status. It is not a matter of coincidence that this colonising tendency was clearly restrained at the turn of the 16th and 17th century. This fate was avoided only be the villages situated in a typically mountainous area where the natural conditions prevented the production of crops on a large scale. Populations living therein – that were ruled by the Wallachian law – lasted longer and the processes of assimilation and integration with the local surroundings took place more slowly.

scholarly journals Amino acids targeted based metabolomics study in non-segmental Vitiligo: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rezvan Marzabani ◽  
Hassan Rezadoost ◽  
Peyman Chopanian ◽  
Nikoo Mozafari ◽  
Mohieddin Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractIntroductionVitiligo is an asymptomatic disorder that results from the loss of pigments (melanin), causing skin or mucosal depigmentation and impairs beauty.ObjectiveDue to the complexity of the pathogenesis of this disease and various theories including self-safety theory, oxidative stress, neurological theory and internal defects of melanocytes behind it, and finally, the vast role of amino acids in body metabolism and various activities of the body, amino acids targeted based metabolomics was set up to follow any fluctuation inside this disease.MethodologyThe study of amino acid profiles in plasma of people with non-segmental vitiligo using a liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescent detector was performed to find remarkable biomarkers for the diagnosis and evaluation of disease severity of patients with vitiligo. Twenty-two amino acids derivatized with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and fluorylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC), were precisely determined. Next, the concentrations of these twenty-two amino acids and their corresponding molar ratios were calculated in 37 patients (including 18 females and 19 males) and corresponding 34 healthy individuals (18 females and 16 males). Using R programing, the data were completely analyzed between the two groups of patients and healthy to find suitable and reliable biomarkers.ResultsInterestingly, comparing the two groups, in the patient group, tyrosine, cysteine, the ratio of tyrosine to lysine and the ratio of cysteine to ornithine were increased while, arginine, lysine, ornithine and glycine ratios to cysteine have been decreased. These amino acids were selected for identification of patients with accuracy of detection of approximately 0.95 using the assessment of logistic regression.ConclusionThese results indicate a disruption of the production of melanin, increased immune activity and oxidative stress, which are also involved in the effects of vitiligo. Therefore, these amino acids can be used as biomarker for the evaluation of risk, prevention of complications in individuals at risk and monitoring of treatment process.

scholarly journals The Role of Mindset in Education : A Large-Scale Field Experiment in Disadvantaged Schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Huillery ◽  
Adrien Bouguen ◽  
Axelle Charpentier ◽  
Yann Algan ◽  
Coralie Chevallier
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Disadvantaged Schools ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
The Impact

This article provides experimental evidence of the impact of a four-year inter-vention aimed at developing students’ growth mindset and internal locus ofcontrol in disadvantaged middle schools. We find a 0.07 standard deviationincrease in GPA, associated with a change in students’ mindset, improved be-havior as reported by teachers and school registers, and higher educational andprofessional aspirations. International empirical benchmarks reveal that theintervention is at least ten times more cost-effective than the typical educa-tional intervention. However, while reducing between-school inequality whentargeted to disadvantaged schools, the program benefits less to more fragilestudents, therefore increasing within-school inequality.

scholarly journals 10 easy steps to conducting transparent, reproducible meta-analyses for infant researchers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta Gasparini ◽  
Sho Tsuji ◽  
Christina Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Analytic Models

Meta-analyses provide researchers with an overview of the body of evidence in a topic, with quantified estimates of effect sizes and the role of moderators, and weighting studies according to their precision. We provide a guide for conducting a transparent and reproducible meta-analysis in the field of developmental psychology within the framework of the MetaLab platform, in 10 steps: 1) Choose a topic for your meta-analysis, 2) Formulate your research question and specify inclusion criteria, 3) Preregister and carefully document all stages of your meta-analysis, 4) Conduct the literature search, 5) Collect and screen records, 6) Extract data from eligible studies, 7) Read the data into analysis software and compute effect sizes, 8) Create meta-analytic models to assess the strength of the effect and investigate possible moderators, 9) Visualize your data, 10) Write up and promote your meta-analysis. Meta-analyses can inform future studies, through power calculations, by identifying robust methods and exposing research gaps. By adding a new meta-analysis to MetaLab, datasets across multiple topics of developmental psychology can be synthesized, and the dataset can be maintained as a living, community-augmented meta-analysis to which researchers add new data, allowing for a cumulative approach to evidence synthesis.

Leveraging Social Media in Facilitating Women Entrepreneurs in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Madhura Manish Bedarkar ◽  
Mahima Mishra ◽  
Ritesh Ashok Khatwani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Set Up

This article explores the role of social media in facilitating women entrepreneurs in India. It adopts a case study approach to explore the effectiveness of social media platforms in supporting women entrepreneurs. PULA (Pune Ladies), a closed Facebook Group, set up in 2015 for women in Pune, was selected as a case study. Fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted among 15 active women entrepreneurs of this group to explore the benefits received in terms of visibility, marketing opportunities, revenue generation, psychological benefits (sense of belongingness, self-confidence, motivation), and counselling to name a few. Their responses were analyzed for commonalities and divergences. The article finds that PULA not only offers a cost-effective platform for women entrepreneurs to showcase their products/services but also helps them in enhancing the visibility and financial performance of their businesses. The findings of this study will guide women entrepreneurs in leveraging social media platforms through greater visibility, networking and marketing their products/ services more efficiently.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document