scholarly journals Anandamide and endocannabinoid system: an attractive therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virna Margarita Martín Giménez ◽  
Sandra Edith Noriega ◽  
Diego Enrique Kassuha ◽  
Lucía Beatriz Fuentes ◽  
Walter Manucha
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Renal Physiology ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
The Relationship

Cardiovascular disease is currently not adequately managed and has become one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current therapies are inadequate in terms of preventing its progression. There are several limitations, such as poor oral bioavailability, side effects, low adherence to treatment, and high dosage frequency of formulations due to the short half-life of the active ingredients used, among others. This review aims to highlight the most relevant aspects of the relationship between the cardiovascular system and the endocannabinoid system, with special attention to the possible translational effect of the use of anandamide in cardiovascular health. The deep and detailed knowledge of this interaction, not always beneficial, and that for years has gone unnoticed, is essential for the development of new therapies. We discuss the most recent and representative results obtained in the field of basic research, referring to the aforementioned subject, emphasizing fundamentally the main role of nitric oxide, renal physiology and its deregulation in pathological processes.

scholarly journals The role of cardiovascular disease in the relationship between air pollution and incident dementia: a population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindana D Ilango ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Perry Hystad ◽  
Aaron van Donkelaar ◽  
Jeffrey C Kwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dementia Diagnosis ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Evidence suggests a link between air pollution and dementia. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be a potential determinant of dementia. This motivated us to quantify the contribution of CVD to the association between air pollution and dementia. Methods A cohort of Canadian-born residents of Ontario, who participated in the 1996–2003 Canadian Community Health Surveys, was followed through 2013 or until dementia diagnosis. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was estimated with a 3-year average and 5-year lag before dementia diagnosis. Incident CVD was evaluated as a mediator. We used multi-level Cox proportional and Aalen additive hazard regression models, adjusting for individual- and neighbourhood-level risk factors to estimate associations with NO2 and PM2.5. We estimated the total, direct and indirect effects of air pollution on dementia through cardiovascular disease. Results This study included 34 391 older adults. At baseline, the mean age of this cohort was 59 years. The risk of dementia was moderately higher among those more exposed to NO2 (hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99–1.19; and 100 additional cases per 100 000 [standard error (SE) <100x10-5]) and PM2.5 [(HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.99–1.64; 200 additional cases per 100 000] [SE 100x10-5]) after adjusting for covariates; however, these estimates are imprecise. A greater proportion of the relationship between PM2.5 and dementia was mediated through CVD than NO2 for both scales. Conclusions These results suggest some of the association between air pollution and dementia is mediated through CVD, indicating that improving cardiovascular health may prevent dementia in areas with higher exposure to air pollution.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Relationship Between Insomnia, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247028972098001
Author(s):  
Rebecca Leeds ◽  
Ari Shechter ◽  
Carmela Alcantara ◽  
Brooke Aggarwal ◽  
John Usseglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sex Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been attributed to differences in pathophysiology between men and women and to disparities in CVD management that disproportionately affect women compared to men. Similarly, there has been investigation of differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia attributable to sex. Few studies have examined how sex and insomnia interact to influence CVD outcomes, however. In this review, we summarize the literature on sex-specific differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia as well as existing research regarding the relationship between insomnia and CVD outcomes as it pertains to sex. Research to date indicate that women are more likely to have insomnia than men, and there appear to be differential associations in the relation between insomnia and CVD by sex. We posit potential mechanisms of the relationship between sex, insomnia and CVD, discuss gaps in the existing literature, and provide commentary on future research needed in this area. Unraveling the complex relations between sex, insomnia, and CVD may help to explain sex-specific differences in CVD, and identify sex-specific strategies for promotion of cardiovascular health. Throughout this review, terms “men” and “women” are used as they are in the source literature, which does not differentiate between sex and gender. The implications of this are also discussed.

scholarly journals DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Laryngeal Cancer Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7486
Author(s):  
Mirosław Śnit ◽  
Maciej Misiołek ◽  
Wojciech Ścierski ◽  
Anna Koniewska ◽  
Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

AIM, DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 are the cell glycoprotein, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study was designed to assess the association between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 SNPs and laryngeal cancer risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study including 267 patients with histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer and 157 controls. The relationship between genetic variations DIAPH2 (rs6620138), PTPRD (rs3765142) and HIC1 (rs9901806) and the onset of laryngeal cancer were investigated. Statistical analysis to calculate the relationship between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 genes polymorphism and pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. RESULTS: The results showed that rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism could increase the onset risk of laryngeal cancer. Statistically significant differences in allele distribution of rs6620138 DIAPH2 and rs9901806 HIC1 in the case and control groups subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggested that genetic variation of rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of DIAPH2 gene in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer.

Hypothyroidism and cardiovascular system

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Verbovoy ◽  
Lyudmila A. Sharonova ◽  
O. V. Kosareva ◽  
N. I. Verbovaya ◽  
Yu. A. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents data on the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. The role of dyslipidemia, adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin), C-reactive protein, deficiency of vitamin D3 in the development of cardiovascular disease in hypothyroidism is discussed. The article describes characteristics of myocardial remodeling, its dysfunction and their correlation with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Plasticizers and Cardiovascular Health: Role of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyla A. Callaghan ◽  
Samuel Alatorre-Hinojosa ◽  
Liam T. Connors ◽  
Radha D. Singh ◽  
Jennifer A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
And Function

Since the 1950s, the production of plastics has increased 200-fold, reaching 360 million tonnes in 2019. Plasticizers, additives that modify the flexibility and rigidity of the product, are ingested as they migrate into food and beverages. Human exposure is continuous and widespread; between 75 and 97% of urine samples contain detectable levels of bisphenols and phthalates, the most common plasticizers. Concern over the toxicity of plasticizers arose in the late 1990s, largely focused around adverse developmental and reproductive effects. More recently, many studies have demonstrated that exposure to plasticizers increases the risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the 2000s, many governments including Canada, the United States and European countries restricted the use of certain plasticizers in products targeted towards infants and children. Resultant consumer pressure motivated manufacturers to substitute plasticizers with analogues, which have been marketed as safe. However, data on the effects of these new substitutes are limited and data available to-date suggest that many exhibit similar properties to the chemicals they replaced. The adverse effects of plasticizers have largely been attributed to their endocrine disrupting properties, which modulate hormone signaling. Adipose tissue has been well-documented to be a target of the disrupting effects of both bisphenols and phthalates. Since adipose tissue function is a key determinant of cardiovascular health, adverse effects of plasticizers on adipocyte signaling and function may underlie their link to cardiovascular disease. Herein, we discuss the current evidence linking bisphenols and phthalates to obesity and CVD and consider how documented impacts of these plasticizers on adipocyte function may contribute to the development of CVD.

scholarly journals Optimization of protocols of management of patients with generalized periodontitis at the background of cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
O.V. Kopchak ◽  
H.F. Biloklytska ◽  
O.V. Asharenkova ◽  
K.A. Yanishevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Autoimmune Processes ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
The Relationship

Many researchers have proven the relationship between periodontal disease and somatic pathology. Analysis of the data obtained from 348 patients showed that patients under the age of 49 were most often diagnosed with various forms of gingivitis — 36.3–51.65 % and generalized periodontitis (GP) I–II degree — 48.35–59.42 %. However, in patients aged 50–69 years, GP was the predominant disease and accounted for 93.2 %, with 56.03 % of patients having concomitant cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our studies showed that despite the significant prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with CVD, they did not systema-tically visit dentists for treatment. Our studies demonstrated a significant role of autoimmune processes in the formation and progression of chronic generalized periodontal disease in patients with concomitant comorbid conditions, in particular with cardiovascular disease. The data obtained by us demonstrated that one of the important autoantigens that determine the forms of syste-mic inflammatory response and progression of local and systemic endothelial dysfunction in GP with CVD is heat shock proteins. Taking this into consideration, a new differentiated approach to the treatment of GP in CVD was developed based on a new concept of pathogenesis. Pathogenetic therapy of GP in CVD is based on the simultaneous treatment of diseases (including the regenerative method of therapy) taking into account the severity of pathological processes that have an aggravating course. Interdisciplinary integration of dentists and cardiologists will optimize management protocols considering the presence and severity of somatic pathology and, therefore, will improve the quality of GP treatment in conditions of comorbidity.

scholarly journals Caregiver Stress: Biomarkers Linked to Disease Risk and the Psychobiology of Stress Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 179-179
Author(s):  
Janelle Beadle ◽  
Felipe Jain
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Adult Day Services ◽  
Experience Of Stress ◽  
Day Services ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Caregivers to older adults with chronic diseases frequently experience chronic stress which can negatively affect caregivers’ physical and mental health, and increase disease risk. This interdisciplinary symposium will highlight critical factors influencing caregiver stress, and the role of biomarkers in detecting caregiver disease risk. First, we will discuss the effects of stress and emotional experiences on risk for cardiovascular disease in caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). In the first talk, Dr. Mausbach will examine relationships among perceived stress, blood glucose and risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in caregivers of PWD. Next, Dr. Losada-Baltar will discuss the degree to which caregivers’ ambivalent feelings towards providing care are associated with inflammatory markers of cardiovascular risk. Following this, two talks will investigate critical links between stress and caregiver emotional well-being. Dr. Liu will report relationships among the stress-related hormone cortisol, sleep, and anxiety in the context of adult day services. Dr. Beadle will examine the degree to which caregivers’ affiliative, empathetic interactions with others relate to their experience of stress through cortisol assessments and neuroimaging. The final talk by Dr. Jain will investigate the effects of a Mentalizing Imagery Therapy intervention for family PWD caregivers on stress, evidence for mindfulness as a causal mediator of stress reduction, and the relationship to brain networks associated with emotion regulation. Taken together, this symposium will identify relevant psychosocial and biological factors that contribute to caregiver stress, as well as discuss the psychobiology of amelioration of caregiver stress.

Cardiovascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Caroline ◽  
Ryan Bradley ◽  
Mimi Guarneri
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

The older population is challenging to treat for numerous reasons, including comorbid conditions and increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions, limiting medical therapy. They are at increased risk for loneliness and depression, which strongly impacts their cardiovascular outcomes, and they also have different values, usually prioritizing quality of life over mortality objectives. Finally, the elderly are underrepresented in cardiovascular clinical trials, thus limiting the applicability of guideline recommendations. This chapter emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of individual circumstances when assessing cardiovascular health in the elderly population. The chapter focuses on the role of nutrition, resiliency, and exercise for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nutrient deficiencies commonly seen with cardiovascular drugs are also discussed, as well as specific integrative strategies for optimizing dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure in this population.

The Link between Smoking and Covid 19 — A Short Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 931-933
Author(s):  
Swapnaja Gosavi ◽  
Sunita Shrivastav ◽  
Ranjit kamble ◽  
Pallavi Daigavane ◽  
Suchitra Gosavi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Smoking is always said to be a risk factor in many of the health conditions. Smokers are always at a higher risk. COVID 19 is a whole new chapter of its own. Recent research has stated that in COVID-19 smokers are 14 times more prone to death. Awareness in Indians is lacking, and they do not know the effects of smoking. Literature refers to the comorbidities like smoking, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diabetes etc. as "pre-existing conditions”. The term coronavirus is used because of their appearance to a crown-like structure having long spikes of transmembrane glycoproteins. The link between coronavirus and smokers is still unknown. the role of angiotensin in smokers and its link-up with coronavirus needs to be understood. However, clarification regarding the casual link of these comorbidities to COVID-19 does not exist in the present literature. This article focuses on the link between smoking and COVID 19 and its effects. It provides detailed knowledge regarding the link between coronavirus and smokers, which is the need of the hour as awareness is necessary for the present condition. This article focuses on the present condition as well as the link between smokers and the coronavirus.

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