scholarly journals Yoga Research and Public Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash R. Patwardhan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Utility ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Research on yoga is witnessing an unprecedented proliferation currently, partly because of great interest in yoga’s health utility. However, yoga research does not seem to be sufficiently public health oriented, or its quality corresponding to its quantity. Yoga research is falling short to enable key stakeholders like end users, prescribers, and payers to meaningfully, confidently, and fruitfully answer the questions like: Is it generalizable? Is it standardizable? Which yoga style should be used/recommended/paid for? Or will it be worth the money? Therefore, it is important to examine the alignment to purpose or value of yoga research from a public health point of view so as to make it more practical. The issues such as lack of clear definition of yoga, wide variation in its dosage, cacophony of lineage-based styles, no data about comparative effectiveness between the yoga components, confounders and biases clouding the evidence regarding its benefits, too little data on long-term adherence, equivocal results about its cost effectiveness, discussions lacking embrace of better methods in research, and absence of a theory of yoga are examined. This is not a detailed discussion of every issue yoga research faces, but a high-level overview of those that have direct practical bearing. In the end, a few pragmatic approaches are offered. The article suggests that yoga-component analysis, development of a theory of yoga, adoption of a health-aligned functional typology of yoga, development and testing of a simple universal basic prototype of yoga intervention, emphasis on research about long-term adherence, and discouragement for mere proof of concept research might make yoga research serve the stakeholders better. It urges the research community to practice “context cognizant scholarship” to disentangle health compatible yoga from its historical-cultural-social body before examining it for health or medical application.

scholarly journals Establishing an ad hoc COVID-19 mortality surveillance during the first epidemic wave in Belgium, 1 March to 21 June 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Renard ◽  
Aline Scohy ◽  
Johan Van der Heyden ◽  
Ilse Peeters ◽  
Sara Dequeker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Mortality Surveillance ◽  
Related Mortality

Background COVID-19-related mortality in Belgium has drawn attention for two reasons: its high level, and a good completeness in reporting of deaths. An ad hoc surveillance was established to register COVID-19 death numbers in hospitals, long-term care facilities (LTCF) and the community. Belgium adopted broad inclusion criteria for the COVID-19 death notifications, also including possible cases, resulting in a robust correlation between COVID-19 and all-cause mortality. Aim To document and assess the COVID-19 mortality surveillance in Belgium. Methods We described the content and data flows of the registration and we assessed the situation as of 21 June 2020, 103 days after the first death attributable to COVID-19 in Belgium. We calculated the participation rate, the notification delay, the percentage of error detected, and the results of additional investigations. Results The participation rate was 100% for hospitals and 83% for nursing homes. Of all deaths, 85% were recorded within 2 calendar days: 11% within the same day, 41% after 1 day and 33% after 2 days, with a quicker notification in hospitals than in LTCF. Corrections of detected errors reduced the death toll by 5%. Conclusion Belgium implemented a rather complete surveillance of COVID-19 mortality, on account of a rapid investment of the hospitals and LTCF. LTCF could build on past experience of previous surveys and surveillance activities. The adoption of an extended definition of ‘COVID-19-related deaths’ in a context of limited testing capacity has provided timely information about the severity of the epidemic.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF PROBABILITY OF THE LONG TERM FATAL OUTCOME OF STROKE BY THE DATA OF TERRITORY AND POPULATIONAL REGISTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
О. A. Klochikhina ◽  
L. V. Stakhovskaya ◽  
Е. A. Polunina
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Individual Probability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Aim. To develop a prediction model of individual probability of long term (within first 28 days from the onset) outcome of stroke.Material and methods. By the method of territory-populational registry, in 2009-2016 in 16 regions of Russia, an analysis performed, of significant predictors of fatal stroke outcome. Overall, 50902 strokes registered in persons older 25 y. In 1553 there were no data on long term mortality. By the results of revealed significant predictors of the fatal outcome of stroke by LOTUS method, a tree-branching was done for development of probability of long term fatal outcome during the first 28 days from disease presentation.Results. The significant predictors were acquired, of the fatal outcome of stroke, and graded by odds ratio. Based on the definition of significant predictors of fatal outcome, first time a prediction model developed of probability of long term stroke fatal outcome taken heterogeneity and multifactorial nature of the disease. Clinical guidelines proposed.Conclusion. The developed prediction model of individual probability of long term stroke fatal outcome shows high level of sensitivity and specificity. Application of such model and of proposed clinical guidelines at various stages of patients management will facilitate diagnostical search, management strategy selection and improvement of prevention.

scholarly journals Building a model of strategic financial planning for an organization

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Olga Rudkovskaya ◽  
Vladimir Gerasenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Planning ◽  
Life Cycle Stage ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Strategy ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article considers approaches to the definition of strategic financial planning, reveals their shortcomings and advantages. Objective: To create a methodological basis for the development of the organization's financial strategy. Methodology: The article is based on the results of research of modern domestic and foreign theories of strategic planning. Application of the results: Increase the validity of the management decisions made based on the results of strategic financial planning. Conclusions: Strategic financial planning is proposed to be considered from the point of view of the system and process approach, which will allow to create an effective functional apparatus, including a system of goals and objectives, principles and tools for the formation and use of financial resources to carry out the activities on developing the directions of organization growth. The formed algorithm of developing a strategic financial planning model allows to take into account the organization’s life cycle stage and its market position in the industry when determining the target parameters of financial development in the long term perspective. An indicator of maximizing the return to capital represented by own and borrowed funds is proposed as a key indicator of the model under consideration. Complying with the set of limitations developed, this indicator provides a more reliable and comprehensive assessment of organization’s development planned directions.

scholarly journals Sustaining Engineering Informatics: Toward Methods and Metrics for Digital Curation

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Lubell ◽  
Sudarsan Rachuri ◽  
Mahesh Mani ◽  
Eswaran Subrahmanian
Keyword(s):  
Functional Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Curation ◽  
Open Archival Information System ◽  
User Access ◽  
Digital Objects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Design And Manufacture

Ensuring the long-term usability of engineering informatics (EI) artifacts is a challenge, particularly for products with longer lifecycles than the computing hardware and software used for their design and manufacture. Addressing this challenge requires characterizing the nature of EI, defining metrics for EI sustainability, and developing methods for long-term EI curation. In this paper we highlight various issues related to long-term archival of EI and describe the work towards methods and metrics for sustaining EI. We propose an approach to enhance the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) functional model to incorporate EI sustainability criteria, Digital Object Prototypes (DOPs), and end user access requirements. We discuss the end user’s requirements from the point of view of reference, reuse and rationale – the “3Rs” – to better understand the level of granularity and abstractions required in the definition of engineering digital objects. Finally we present a proposed case study and experiment.

MIGRATION PROCESSES IN RUSSIA: ANALYSIS OF TRENDS AND MECHANISMS OF STATE REGULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
YU.S. AITOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
General Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Today, the human migration is one of the most important factors in the socio-economic territorial development. This process requires considerable attention on the part of federal, regional and municipal general government. The main trends that characterize migration in Russia at the present time is a population tightening and a high level of its concentration in the European part of the country, a significant outflow of population from towns, small cities, as well as rural settlements, migration inflow to large and highly developed territories, an increase in the socio-economic development polarization in territories, etc. These problems are also considered in the Concept of the State Migration Policy in the Russian Federation for 2019-2025. At the same time, despite the adoption of the Concept several issues remain unresolved, such as the lack of state attention to internal Russian migration, the definition of specific needs of the region and municipalities, as well as the lack of a quantitative assessment of targets, etc. It is necessary to clarify the main directions and mechanisms for implementing Russia's migration policy. It is promising to consider population migration from the point of view of meeting the various interests and needs of the main participants in this process - a person, business, territory (locality, region, country), in our opinion. An essential point in the development of such a mechanism is an adequate and scientifically based description of the characteristics of each agent., It is necessary to develop a set of proposals for improving the migration policy and measures for its implementation to achieve a balance of interests of these agents.

Ethical Values Reassessed: Rethinking the Covid19 Pandemic First Triage Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
Sabine Hauser ◽  
◽  
Rouven Porz ◽  
Maria Aluaș ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Meta Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

"In March 2020, many countries in commissions and medical societies moved very quickly to draft fair and transparent triage guidelines; this in order to plan ahead for possible resource bottlenecks in the treatment of COVID-19 patients in intensive care units. There are a lot of consciously chosen (but also less reflected) ethical values in these guidelines. Our presentation compares the values of eight of such guidelines, but first shows how to read such values in the first place. Many health professionals are hardly aware of the explicit presentation of ethical-philosophical values. From a methodological point of view, this presentation is based on a hermeneutic-ethical approach. The guidelines are interpreted, an interpretation aid is developed, and the values of the guidelines are reconsidered in comparison. On a meta-level, we could identify different types of values, besides medical and ethical values, the guidelines were also filled with procedural, structural and legal-political values. On a content level, the unreflective handling of the value of autonomy, which often competes with the value of public health, is particularly evident. This competition is little reflected. Another point of divergence between the guidelines is the degree of precision or the difference between long-term and short-term medical prognosis. We believe that with our analysis we can contribute to making value discussions in health care more open and explicit. We would like to present these conclusions for discussion at this year’s EACME conference in Cluj. "

Planning and Health Policy in Finland

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Härö ◽  
T. Purola
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Present System ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
High Level

The health services system in Finland is analyzed from the point of view of planning–oriented activities. Society has traditionally been the main provider of services in this country, and executive responsibilities of local autonomous authorities are balanced with the centralized control carried out by legislative measures and subsidies. An organized information system is a prerequisite to planning (this is especially true in a country with Finland's type of organizational structure). The Finnish system is based on problem–oriented data banks. Health interview surveys which link social background data with health–related information have a key role in this system; these surveys are well suited to before and after comparisons. Information is capable of producing action only if it is properly analyzed and timed. In order to obtain information about actual goal expectations of the decision–makers, the special–purpose planning departments are located at a high level of government in Finland. Typical methods of implementation, such as financial subsidies, are described in this paper, and economic estimates and long–term budgeting are given as examples of guides for the central authorities. The use of before and after studies to measure the effect of the policies is described, and some observations on the weaknesses in the present system are presented.

scholarly journals Stakeholders and Apart Hotels: Multiple Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-169
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kyoko Wada
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Case

Means of accommodation involve a wide range of social actors and agents, as well as different business models. Management strategies in this sector have been increasingly important for long-term sustainability and competitiveness of business organizations. This study aims to analyze the interactions between apart-hotels and their stakeholders to foster an improvement of services provided, aligning the interface of strategic management from the point of view of managers and their key stakeholders. It is an exploratory study, with qualitative chacter, along with multiple case studies of the following establishments: Travel Inn, Hotels Slaviero and Etoile george v. Brazilian enterprises, which manage lodging facilities with apart-hotel concepts, combining features that enable comparative analysis of the study. For conceptual understanding, this study was based on literature about stakeholders, taking the work of Freeman (1984) and Freeman et al (2010) as main references. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with managers of lodging facilities and their key stakeholders and through direct observation and documentation. We found that not all groups of influence are considered in the planning of service flats. However, the organizations surveyed indicated that the market has realized the importance of the groups that exert influence and are influenced by their goals, and are therefore increasingly alert for integration of such groups in their strategic planning.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Tax Culture Formation of Self-Employed

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Anna Kireenko ◽  
Mariya Izmailova
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Self-employment in Russia characterized by a high level of shadow employment. The special tax regime was designed to carry out this activity from shadow. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the taxpayers behavior and their tax culture. The purpose of the article is to study the tax culture, factors influencing its demonstration in the taxpayers behavior, as well as to identify the features of tax culture in the field of self-employment. The information base of the article composed documents regulating the activities of self-employed, statistical data on the quantity, structure and dynamics of self-employment in the Russia and other countries, sociological surveys of self-employed. The main difference in the interpretation of tax culture is associated with the definition of its subjects. Therefore, the role of subjective factors in the taxpayers behavior is often overestimated. It is concluded that it is necessary to consider the issue of the tax culture of the self-employed not only from the point of view of their mentality, but first of all from the point of view of the external conditions of their activity. Low and irregular incomes, lack of social guarantees and financial support lead to the formation of the self-employed tax culture in the conditions of «survival». In this regard, actions to improve the tax culture by influencing internal factors are ineffective.

scholarly journals Innovation and sustainability: the Italian scenario

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Rosanna Cataldo ◽  
Maria Gabriella Grassia ◽  
Paolo Mazzocchi ◽  
Claudio Quintano ◽  
Antonella Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sustainable Innovation ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Process Solutions ◽  
The Impact

Society and policy makers demand innovation systems oriented towards several goals of sustainable development. Therefore, recent literature has dedicated a growing interest to both innovation and sustainability in the pursuit of environmental, economic and social development; in addition, the emerging topic of ‘sustainable innovation’ (and ‘eco-innovation’) seems to combine the main features of them. The definition of these concepts has been significantly changed during the last decades, and a broad discussion continues today about which indicators should be used to measure innovation, sustainability and their combination. The current paper investigates this relationship, and - in the authors’ opinion - the research question connected to the impact of the innovative product (and service and process) solutions on sustainability can be addressed by means of a stable theoretical framework. To study the interaction between innovation and sustainability, the usage of specific territorial features might represent a useful perspective to manage short-and long-term environmental and economic issues. As for the theoretical model, the present article considers a specific technique suitable for investigating the entire set of characteristics involved in the model. From a public makers and managerial point of view, the possibility of improving the firm’ efficiencies in terms of several dimensions of sustainable innovation represents a relevant topic that must be encouraged.

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