scholarly journals Eco-Friendly and Community Sustainable Textile Fabric Dyeing Methods From Thai Buffalo Manure: From Pasture to Fashion Designer

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110582
Author(s):  
Suthasini Bureekhampun ◽  
Chanida Maneepun
Keyword(s):  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Muddy Water ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Color Fading ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Buffalo Dung ◽  
Eco Fashion

The research objective was to study local traditional wisdom of the art of producing fabric dye from fresh buffalo manure (FBM). Data were collected from rural weaving community cooperative (co-op) members and experts in Thailand’s northeastern Mekong River province of Nakhon Phanom. The study’s Method 1 added buffalo dung water, salt, and a mordant together, which was brought to a boil for 30 minutes. Method 2 added buffalo dung water and salt, which was brought to a boil for 10 minutes, after which a mordant agent was added, then boiled for an additional 30 minutes. There were five different formulas for each method using a different mordant. Results revealed that Method 1 had the best dyeing solution and produced a consistent, commercially usable, washable fabric with three-tone coloring and long-lasting yarn. Method 1 also used a hot dyeing technique in which cotton yarn and FBM were disinfected in a boiling vat while natural odor-reducing additives were added. Moreover, Method 1 consisted of either (1) FBM, salt, and lye, (2) FBM, salt, and muddy water, or (3) only salt added to FBM. These three solutions yielded a material in which testing by the Thailand Textile Institute (THTI) using ISO standards was determined to have a moderate degree of lightfastness, as well as an excellent resistance to color fading after washing. The study is important as it adds a wealth of knowledge to the literature concerning eco-friendly eco-fashion, sustainable products, and economically viable traditional handicraft textile production techniques.

Prehispanic Highland Textile Technologies: A View from the First Millennium AD at Hualcayán, Ancash, Peru

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
M. Elizabeth Grávalos ◽  
Rebecca E. Bria
Keyword(s):  
Middle Horizon ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
Interregional Interaction ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Arid West

The exceptional preservation of perishable artifacts on the arid west coast of the Andes has led to an abundance of knowledge on prehispanic textile production. Yet comparatively little of this knowledge is based on highland examples due to their poor preservation in the moist environment of the Andean sierra. Systematic excavations in 2011–2012 at the archaeological complex of Hualcayán in highland Ancash, Peru, revealed surprisingly well-preserved textiles and cordage from four partially looted machay-style tombs. In this article we provide an overview of textile forms, production techniques, and iconography from a sample of 292 textile and cordage fragments, equaling 20% of Hualcayán's assemblage. This work contributes to a better understanding of ancient Andean weaving in general and interregional interaction during the Early Intermediate period and Middle Horizon (ca. AD 1–1000) in particular. Significantly, we document variability in cotton yarn and a general uniformity in camelid yarn and weaving techniques in the overall sample. These findings, in combination with similarities in weaving techniques and style between coastal examples and Hualcayán's fabrics, suggest a coastal–highland relationship.

The Characterization of Some Ancient Egyptian Funerary Linens from the Twenty-First Dynasty Discovered in the Bab El-Gasus Excavation

2021 ◽  
pp. 030751332110223
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. Al-Gaoudi ◽  
Nermin M. Aly
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Thread Diameter ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
First Dynasty ◽  
Thread Count

The ancient Egyptians had a distinct and flourishing textile industry with diverse characteristics. The developments in archaeological textile studies over the last few decades have assisted in identifying the techniques used in the manufacture of fabrics and demonstrated the complexity of this ancient industry. The ancient Egyptians are well-known for the production of linen fabrics of varying structures and purposes for everyday use by different social classes. The Bab El-Gasus tomb at Deir El-Bahari, the tomb of the priests and priestesses of Amun, is one of the most important excavations for this subject as within the tomb several types of funerary linen textiles from the Twenty-First Dynasty (1070–945 BC) were discovered. This paper aims to characterize some of these linen pieces that were preserved and displayed at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The pieces are of high-quality linen, were decorated, and retain their original colours. Investigations were carried out to study their main textile characteristics such as thread diameter, twist direction, thread count and weave type, in addition to characterizing the diagnostic features of the textiles such as fringes, selvedges, self-bands, hues, decoration and their state of deterioration. A Dino-Lite portable digital microscope was used to examine the linen textiles. There were various significant findings and the study revealed some of the distinctive characteristics and versatility of ancient Egyptian textiles, offering new insights for the textile production techniques used at that time.

‘Nothing like Textiles’: Manufacturing Traditions in Textile Archaeology

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Johanna Banck-Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Technical Features

Textiles are evaluated mainly in regard to their visual appearance and technical features of textile production. From a modern point of view, it is their optical perception that is most often displayed in reconstructions. This, however, can rarely be achieved due to the poor and fragmentary preservation of archaeological textiles, which hinders gathering basic information about details of the production technique. Sources illustrating garments or putative textile patterns are often additionally consulted to achieve a better understanding of the textiles. Over the past two decades, the author has made an effort to present a different approach to textile archaeology, that is to demonstrate that the significance of textiles was predominantly governed by culture-specific production techniques whose differences were optical – i.e. at the first glance imperceptible even for experts. Textile patterns were predominantly applied during production. There was little subsequent embellishment where textiles acted as a carrier of the decoration. This means that patterns were rarely additionally integrated after the basic weave was complete, for instance as in the case of embroidery. In consequence, archaeological textiles assume a different cultural and historical significance than previously thought. They are not merely objects whose surfaces served as carriers for culture-specific patterns. In this context, embroidery is of particular significance, as it is a procedure for subsequent decoration of fabrics. In this article, the author presents prehistoric, including the Bronze and Iron Ages, textile finds that have been described as embroidery but are actually a combination of weaving and wrapping weaving techniques.

Development of a novel hybrid yarn production process for functional textile products

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1462-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazife Korkmaz Memiş ◽  
Gizem Kayabaşı ◽  
Demet Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Fibre Bundle ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Hybrid Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Yarn Production ◽  
Textile Products

In this study, an innovative method consisting of electrospinning and conventional textile production techniques was built up to produce hybrid yarns enabling the production of functional textile products. The principle of the developed method is to open the twist of spun yarn, make this fibre bundle conductive for use as a collector, collect the electrospun nanofibres onto the conductive opened fibre bundle and finally twist this structure to produce hybrid yarn. To determine the feasibility of the developed method, surface morphology, chemical composition, coating features and tensile properties of the hybrid yarns were compared with that of the pure yarn and nanofibre-coated yarns produced without untwisting and retwisting processes. Test results demonstrated that untwisting process in hybrid production method provided the application of nanofibres interior structure of the spun yarn while retwisting process made integration of classical textile fibres and nanofibres together and hence locking the obtained yarn structure effectively. Thanks to the integrated structure, it was successful to get the yarn have the required tensile properties for weaving, knitting and other processes. Three minutes was determined as the optimum coating time for the effective nanofibre deposition and tensile properties. Summing up the results, it was believed that the method helps to benefit from the special properties of nanofibres for the functional yarn production together with durability and higher tensile properties of the spun yarns for larger usage areas. The presented findings could encourage the researchers to commercialize the method in order to get nanofibre-coated functional yarns.

Discussion on “New production techniques—engines”

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Mountford ◽  
H.G. Gregory ◽  
D.M. Anthony ◽  
D.A. Fairnie ◽  
E.B. Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Production ◽  
Production Techniques

PENGARUH PELARUT KLOROFORM DALAM PEMURNIAN GLISEROL DENGAN PROSES ASIDIFIKASI ASAM KLORIDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Windi Monica Surbakti ◽  
Gerson Rico M.H ◽  
Mersi Suriani Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Soap Content ◽  
Test Volume ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Water Salt

Glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production was approximately formed 10% of the biodiesel weight. Impurities which contained in the glycerol such as catalyst, soap, methanol, water, salt, and matter organic non glycerol (MONG) have a significant effect on the glycerol concentration. So, it is necessary to treat the impurities. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of chloroform to glycerol purification process with acidification method using hydrochloric acid as pretreatment process. This research was begun with acid addition to the glycerol to neutralize the base content and to split the soap content into free fatty acid and salt, that are more easily separated from glycerol. Then the process was continued with extraction by the solvent chloroform using the variable of test volume ratio (v/v) (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2)  and the extraction time (20, 40, and 60 minutes). The results showed that the more volume of solvent used, gave less extraction time to produce high purity of glycerol. The highest purity produced in this study amounted to 90,9082% is obtained at the ratio of the volume solvent (v/v) 1:1 with extraction time 60 minutes.

Effects of Image Upload on Social Media as Media Promotion in Journal Publishers

CCIT Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Ani Wulandari ◽  
Marviola Hardini
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Conventional Process ◽  
Promotion System

Digital content is content in various formats, whether written, image, video, audio or combination so that it can be read, displayed or played by a computer and easily sent or hared through digital media. Digital content has abundant benefits, especially in the field of promotion. Where when a place of business or a body wants to introduce a product or service that is owned, it definitely requires content such as images as a promotional media. However, if you have to distribute posters to everyone you meet, it is not in line with current technological advancements because you are still using a conventional process. Therefore, to overcome this problem, social media can be used to process digital content easily and quickly. In this study, there are 3 (three) problems that will be overcome by 2 (two) methods, and 3 (three) solutions are produced. The advantage of digital content in social media is that it can be accessed anytime and anywhere, so it is concluded that the use of digital content in social media is able to overcome problems and is a creativepreneur effort found in the promotion system of a journal publisher.   Keywords—Digital Content, Creativepreneur, ATT Journal, Social Media

Divergent Memories of Tumen Shan-shui

2019 ◽  
pp. 229-10.33526/EJKS.20191901.229
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Research Study ◽  
States Of Mind ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
River Region ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Landscape Research ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Creation

Focusing on the interplay between memory and place, this article examines the rationale behind the use of axonometric drawings (axons) in a geographical research study of the Tumen/Tuman River region encompassing the borders shared by China, Russia and North Korea. The concepts of “memory of place” and “place of memory” guide the structure of this project and the flow of this article. “Memory of place” emphasises the lived experience of our physical senses, and helps determine the great potential of visual methodologies in the fields of geographical and landscape research and study. Drawn up using the graphic production techniques of abstracting, foregrounding, highlighting and juxtaposing, axons avail themselves of and inform both realist and idealist states of mind. In contrast, “place of memory” references a particular type of materiality and helps us understand Tumen Shan-shui as a library of memories that reveals a profusion of contested aesthetic, cultural and political meanings. Axons serve to tell narratives revealing desires, actions and undertakings that have shaped and continue to shape the substance of the memory sites in question including infrastructure, architecture and signage. Initially adopted by the author as a medium for recording and communicating due to security restrictions imposed in the border areas in question, the creation of axons generated new insights on methods of documentation in landscape research, and the places and landscapes themselves.

High Resolution Displacement of Functional Groups onto Fluorocarbon Resin Surface by Using ArF Excimer Laser

1996 ◽  
Vol 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shimizu ◽  
M. Murahara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Laser Fluence ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Arf Excimer Laser

ABSTRACTA Fluorocarbon resin surface was selectively modified by irradiation with a ArF laser beam through a thin layer of NaAlO2, B(OH)3, or H2O solution to give a hydrophilic property. As a result, with low fluence, the surface was most effectively modified with the NaAlO2 solution among the three solutions. However, the contact angle in this case changed by 10 degrees as the fluence changed only 1mJ/cm2. When modifying a large area of the surface, high resolution displacement could not be achieved because the laser beam was not uniform in displacing functional groups. Thus, the laser fluence was successfully made uniform by homogenizing the laser beam; the functional groups were replaced on the fluorocarbon resin surface with high resolution, which was successfully modified to be hydrophilic by distributing the laser fluence uniformly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document