scholarly journals Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Novel Insights into the Crucial Roles of Host-Induced Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzymes in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Virulence and Rice-Xoo Interaction

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guichun Wu ◽  
Yuqiang Zhang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Kaihuai Li ◽  
Yuanlai Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Abstract Background Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight, a devastating rice disease. The Xoo-rice interaction, wherein wide ranging host- and pathogen-derived proteins and genes wage molecular arms race, is a research hotspot. Hence, the identification of novel rice-induced Xoo virulence factors and characterization of their roles affecting rice global gene expression profiles will provide an integrated and better understanding of Xoo-rice interactions from the molecular perspective. Results Using comparative proteomics and an in vitro interaction system, we revealed that 5 protein spots from Xoo exhibited significantly different expression patterns (|fold change| > 1.5) at 3, 6, 12 h after susceptible rice leaf extract (RLX) treatment. MALDI-TOF MS analysis and pathogenicity tests showed that 4 host-induced proteins, including phosphohexose mutase, inositol monophosphatase, arginase and septum site-determining protein, affected Xoo virulence. Among them, mutants of two host-induced carbohydrate metabolism enzyme-encoding genes, ΔxanA and Δimp, elicited enhanced defense responses and nearly abolished Xoo virulence in rice. To decipher rice differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with xanA and imp, transcriptomic responses of ΔxanA-treated and Δimp-treated susceptible rice were compared to those in rice treated with PXO99A at 1 and 3 dpi. A total of 1521 and 227 DEGs were identified for PXO99A vs Δimp at 1 and 3 dpi, while for PXO99A vs ΔxanA, there were 131 and 106 DEGs, respectively. GO, KEGG and MapMan analyses revealed that the DEGs for PXO99A vs Δimp were mainly involved in photosynthesis, signal transduction, transcription, oxidation-reduction, hydrogen peroxide catabolism, ion transport, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, secondary metabolites, hormones, and nucleotides, while the DEGs from PXO99A vs ΔxanA were predominantly associated with photosynthesis, signal transduction, oxidation-reduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, cytochrome P450 and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, secondary metabolites and hormones. Although most pathways were associated with both the Δimp and ΔxanA treatments, the underlying genes were not the same. Conclusion Our study identified two novel host-induced virulence factors XanA and Imp in Xoo, and revealed their roles in global gene expression in susceptible rice. These results provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of pathogen infection strategies and plant immunity.

scholarly journals Transcriptome-Based Analysis of Phosphite-Induced Resistance against Pathogens in Rice

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Yuqing Huang ◽  
Shengguan Cai ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
Songlin Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv.Oryzae

Phosphite (PHI) has been used in the management of Phytophthora diseases since the 1970s.We assessed the effect of PHI on controlling the incidence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae and Pyricularia grisea. As a result, PHI application significantly inhibited the incidence of the diseases. To clarify the molecular mechanism underlying this, a transcriptome study was employed. In total, 2064 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between control and PHI treatment. The key DEGs could be classified into phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (ko00940), starch and sucrose metabolism (ko00500), and plant hormone signal transduction (ko04075). The expressions of defense-related genes had a higher expression lever upon PHI treatment. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of protection effect of PHI against pathogens.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Gene Expression Profiles Analysis Reveal Novel Insights into Drought Stress in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8520
Author(s):  
Ling Qin ◽  
Erying Chen ◽  
Feifei Li ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Zhenyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv) is an important food and forage crop because of its health benefits and adaptation to drought stress; however, reports of transcriptomic analysis of genes responding to re-watering after drought stress in foxtail millet are rare. The present study evaluated physiological parameters, such as proline content, p5cs enzyme activity, anti-oxidation enzyme activities, and investigated gene expression patterns using RNA sequencing of the drought-tolerant foxtail millet variety (Jigu 16) treated with drought stress and rehydration. The results indicated that drought stress-responsive genes were related to many multiple metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis, signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and osmotic adjustment. Furthermore, the Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase genes, SiP5CS1 and SiP5CS2, were remarkably upregulated in foxtail millet under drought stress conditions. Foxtail millet can also recover well on rehydration after drought stress through gene regulation. Our data demonstrate that recovery on rehydration primarily involves proline metabolism, sugar metabolism, hormone signal transduction, water transport, and detoxification, plus reversal of the expression direction of most drought-responsive genes. Our results provided a detailed description of the comparative transcriptome response of foxtail millet variety Jigu 16 under drought and rehydration environments. Furthermore, we identify SiP5CS2 as an important gene likely involved in the drought tolerance of foxtail millet.

scholarly journals Variation in the Group B Streptococcus CsrRS Regulon and Effects on Pathogenicity

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (6) ◽  
pp. 1956-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Mei Jiang ◽  
Nadeeza Ishmael ◽  
Julie Dunning Hotopp ◽  
Manuela Puliti ◽  
Luciana Tissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT CsrRS (or CovRS) is a two-component regulatory system that controls expression of multiple virulence factors in the important human pathogen group B Streptococcus (GBS). We now report global gene expression studies in GBS strains 2603V/R and 515 and their isogenic csrR and csrS mutants. Together with data reported previously for strain NEM316, the results reveal a conserved 39-gene CsrRS regulon. In vitro phosphorylation-dependent binding of recombinant CsrR to promoter regions of both positively and negatively regulated genes suggests that direct binding of CsrR can mediate activation as well as repression of target gene expression. Distinct patterns of gene regulation in csrR versus csrS mutants in strain 2603V/R compared to 515 were associated with different hierarchies of relative virulence of wild-type, csrR, and csrS mutants in murine models of systemic infection and septic arthritis. We conclude that CsrRS regulates a core group of genes including important virulence factors in diverse strains of GBS but also displays marked variability in the repertoire of regulated genes and in the relative effects of CsrS signaling on CsrR-mediated gene regulation. Such variation is likely to play an important role in strain-specific adaptation of GBS to particular host environments and pathogenic potential in susceptible hosts.

scholarly journals Identification of the amino acids essential for LytSR-mediated signal transduction inStaphylococcus aureusand their roles in biofilm-specific gene expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
McKenzie K. Lehman ◽  
Jeffrey L. Bose ◽  
Batu K. Sharma-Kuinkel ◽  
Derek E. Moormeier ◽  
Jennifer L. Endres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

scholarly journals Lignin Synthesis Related Genes with Potential Significance in the Response of Upland Cotton to Fusarium Wilt Identified by Transcriptome Profiling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianan Hou ◽  
Fu’an Zhao ◽  
Xiaojie Yang ◽  
Wu Li ◽  
Deyi Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

AbstractFusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) is a destructive soil-borne cotton disease. To profile the genes and pathways responding to Fov infection, we compared transcriptomic responses before and after F. oxysporum inoculation in a highly resistant cotton cultivar, Yumian21, and a highly susceptible cultivar, Jimian11. Although the overall gene expression pattern was downregulated in both cultivars, the global gene expression in the resistant cultivar was stronger than that in the susceptible cultivar. In addition, the expressed genes of two cultivars mostly differed in “cellular process,” “single-organism process,” “metabolic process,” and “response to stimulus” functional groups in the biological process Gene Ontology category: the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEG) were largely enriched in the resistant cultivar, while the downregulated DEGs were largely enriched in the susceptible cultivar. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism are the key metabolic pathways in cotton in response to Fov. We found that lignin plays a potential role in cotton resistance to Fov. Two coding genes, caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase and peroxidase2, as well as the two transcription factors MYB46 and MYB86, are possibly involved in the accumulation and synthesis of lignin. Furthermore, the result showed that the quantification of lignin could be potentially used as a selection tool to identify Fusarium wilt resistant cotton.

Global analysis of gene expression in an rpoN mutant of Listeria monocytogenes

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safia Arous ◽  
Carmen Buchrieser ◽  
Patrice Folio ◽  
Philippe Glaser ◽  
Abdelkader Namane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Catabolite Regulation

The role of the alternative σ 54 factor, encoded by the rpoN gene, was investigated in Listeria monocytogenes by comparing the global gene expression of the wild-type EGDe strain and an rpoN mutant. Gene expression, using whole-genome macroarrays, and protein content, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, were analysed. Seventy-seven genes and nine proteins, whose expression was modulated in the rpoN mutant as compared to the wild-type strain, were identified. Most of the modifications were related to carbohydrate metabolism and in particular to pyruvate metabolism. However, under the conditions studied, only the mptACD operon was shown to be directly controlled by σ 54. Therefore, the remaining modifications seem to be due to indirect effects. In parallel, an in silico analysis suggests that σ 54 may directly control the expression of four different phosphotransferase system (PTS) operons, including mptACD. PTS activity is known to have a direct effect on the pyruvate pool and on catabolite regulation. These results suggest that σ 54 is mainly involved in the control of carbohydrate metabolism in L. monocytogenes via direct regulation of PTS activity, alteration of the pyruvate pool and modulation of carbon catabolite regulation.

scholarly journals Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein NrdA affects global gene expression and secondary metabolism inAspergillusspecies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Kadooka ◽  
Kosuke Izumitsu ◽  
Teigo Asai ◽  
Kazuki Mori ◽  
Kayu Okutsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Global Gene Expression

ABSTRACTRNA-binding protein Nrd1 plays a role in RNA polymerase II transcription termination. In this study, we showed that the orthologous NrdA is important in global mRNA expression and secondary metabolism inAspergillusspecies. We constructed annrdAconditional expression strain using the Tet-On system inAspergillus luchuenesismut.kawachii. Downregulation ofnrdAcaused a severe growth defect, indicating that NrdA is essential for the proliferation ofA. kawachii. Parallel RNA-sequencing and RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing analysis identified potential NrdA-interacting transcripts, corresponding to 32% of the predicted protein coding genes ofA. kawachii. Subsequent gene ontology analysis suggested that overexpression of NrdA affects the production of secondary metabolites. To clarify this, we constructed NrdA-overexpressing strains ofAspergillus nidulans,Aspergillus fumigatus, andAspergillus oryzae. Overexpression of NrdA reduced the production of sterigmatocystin and penicillin inA. nidulans, as well as that of helvolic acid and pyripyropene A inA. fumigatus. Moreover, it increased the production of kojic acid and reduced production of penicillin inA. oryzae. These effects were accompanied by almost consistent transcriptional changes in the relevant genes. Collectively, these results suggest that NrdA is the essential RNA-binding protein, which plays a significant role in global gene expression and secondary metabolism inAspergillusspecies.IMPORTANCENrd1, a component of the Nrd1–Nab3–Sen1 complex, is an essential RNA-binding protein involved in transcriptional termination in yeast. However, its role in filamentous fungi has not been studied. In this study, we characterized an orthologous NrdA in theAspergillusspecies, identified potential NrdA-interacting mRNA, and investigated the effect of overexpression of NrdA on mRNA expression inAspergillus luchuensismut.kawachii. The results indicated that NrdA controls global gene expression involved in versatile metabolic pathways, including the secondary metabolic process. We demonstrated that NrdA overexpression significantly affected the production of secondary metabolites inAspergillus nidulans,Aspergillus oryzae, andAspergillus fumigatus. Our findings are of importance to the fungal research community because the secondary metabolism is an industrially and clinically important aspect for theAspergillusspecies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document