scholarly journals A cross-sectional, exploratory survey on health-relevant free-time activities and body mass index in preschool children in urban and rural settings of Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Robatsch ◽  
P. Voitl ◽  
Susanne C. Diesner-Treiber
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background The increasing prevalence of obesity is among the most relevant healthcare issues in Europe. The number of overweight people rises due to lifestyle changes, increased sitting activities, and less physical activity. Prevention in early childhood is paramount to stop this alarming trend. Aim This study primarily aimed to evaluate the average time children (3-5 years) from rural and urban Austrian regions spent engaging in physical activity and sedentary behaviors in their free-time. Additionally, we investigated the potential correlation between duration and habits of free-time activity or place of residence and age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI). The potential impact of socio-economic factors on BMI was examined. Methods Urban (Vienna) and rural (Carinthia) regions of Austria were chosen for this observational cross-sectional study. Preschool children (n=130) attending nurseries in these regions were included. Weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Free-time activity and socio-economic data were asked using a self-administered questionnaire. Data on sedentary behavior time (sedentary activity and media consumption) and physical activity time (defined as organized or spontaneous exercise) were analyzed using non-parametric tests. Results Preschool children spent approximately as many hours of their free-time engaged in physical activity as in sedentary behaviors. Time trend in media consumption amounts to one-third of the cumulative time spent engaging in sedentary behaviors. Preschoolers from the urban area spent fewer hours practicing organized exercise and more in sedentary behaviors than peers in the rural area. In the selected areas, 7 % of preschoolers were overweight, 3.9 % were obese. BMI was not associated with free-time activities but showed a trendwise negative correlation with organized exercise. A positive correlation of age and organized exercise was observed but not with physical activity per se. Conclusions Our results confirm the necessity of preventive interventions among Austrian preschoolers and lead to a better understanding of their free-time activities. Further investigations with larger study populations are needed to promote effective childhood obesity prevention and examine the differences regarding obesity prevalence and leisure-time activity between rural and urban areas.

Changes in leisure activity among young people aged 15–18 years in Hungary: physical activity, media-consumption and smoking

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (15) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
Bence Takács
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Positive Effects

Introduction: Young people are more and more inactive, which has numerous well-known negative effects on their health. Several studies indicate that inactive lifestyle disposes people to sit in front of the television, which increases agression and decreases the willingness of reading. There is also a strong link between inactivity and an increase of body mass, deterioration of anthropometric parameters, and deviant behaviour. Aims: The aim of the study was to find out, on the basis of two cross-sectional surveys, the changes occurred within eight years in the free-time activity of Hungarian young people aged between 15 and 19 years. Methods: Data obtained from two surveys conducted by the National Institute for Family and Social Policy, Hungary in 2000 and 2008 including 1780 and 2018 young people, respectively, were analysed and compared. Results: The number of young people regularly involved in sport activity increased significantly, while their media-consumption failed to decrease. Physically active young people are more health-conscious, but regular sporting activity did not expel smoking, which was associated with a sedentary lifestyle and television watching. Conclusions: These data reveal new responses of a new generation; watching televison still takes the largest part of their free time activity, but use of computers, and participation in social activities are not necessarily increase sedentary lifestyle and deviant habits. Internet has positive effects on the regularity of their physical activity. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 581–589.

scholarly journals The impact of body mass index and sociodemographic factors on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors of women with young children: A cross-sectional examination

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174550651989782
Author(s):  
Danae M Dinkel ◽  
Nicholas Hein ◽  
Kailey Snyder ◽  
Mohammad Siahpush ◽  
Shannon Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity provides multiple benefits to women after childbirth. To achieve these benefits, the recommendation that adults obtain, 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week and reduce sedentary behaviors, also applies to women in the post-partum phase of the life span. However, research examining the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors of women with young children (0–2 years) is limited. A greater understanding of these behaviors from a nationally representative sample is needed. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors of a nationally representative sample of women with young children within the United States. A secondary objective was to examine the influence of body mass index and sociodemographic factors on these behaviors. Methods: Cross-sectional data from four cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2011–2012, and 2013–2014) were used for analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated and a generalized linear model was used to investigate associations between mean minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary activity, body mass index, and sociodemographic variables. Discussion: Women with young children (n = 477) obtained 634 min in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week and this was positively associated with having a higher income (p < 0.001) and the number of children in the home (p < 0.001). In total, 62% of women were meeting the World Health Organization guidelines for aerobic activity. Lower odds of achieving guidelines was associated with being Black (p = 0.004), Mexican American (p = 0.009), or married (p = 0.042) compared with being White or not married. Finally, women accumulated ~5 h of sedentary activity per day, with higher levels associated with race (p = 0.005), education (p = 0.022), and number of children within the home (p < 0.001). Research efforts should continue to focus on strategies to help non-adhering women with young children achieve the physical activity recommendations and reduce time spent in sedentary behaviors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thinness among Santal Preschool Children Using New Body Mass Index Cut-Off Points

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Subal Das ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purulia District

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of undernutrition using body mass index (BMI) among 2–6-year Santal preschool children of Purulia District, West Bengal, India. A total of 251 (116 boys and 135 girls) children from 12 villages were measured. Commonly used indicators, that is, weight, height, and BMI, were used to evaluate the nutritional status. More boys (59.5%) than girls (53.3%), based on BMI, were undernourished. Significant age differences in weight (F=44.29∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=58.48∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=3.52∗∗∗; df=3) among boys were observed. Similarly, significant differences between ages in mean weight (F=56.27∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=64.76∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=2.62∗∗∗; df=3) were observed among the girls. The present study revealed that the nutritional status of the preschool children of Santal tribal community of these villages was poor with very high rate of thinness in boys and girls (59.5% and 53.3%, resp.).

scholarly journals The Trp64Arg Polymorphism of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Not Associated with Body Weight or Body Mass Index in Japanese: A Longitudinal Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 5914-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Matsushita ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsumura ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
The Cross

Abstract The β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. Although many studies have examined the relationship between the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 and obesity, the results have been inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional relationship of ADRB3 variants with indexes of obesity, and their longitudinal changes over 10 yr, in men and women, aged 40–69 yr, who were randomly selected from the Japanese rural population. The study considered both dietary energy intake and physical activity levels. Among the 746 participants, the genotype frequencies of the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg variants were 483, 224, and 39, respectively. The cross-sectional analysis showed no significant differences in height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterols, and hemoglobin A1c among the genotype groups even after adjustments for gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and energy intake. No significant differences in the weight changes between the genotype groups were evident in the longitudinal analysis. We conclude that the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 has little or no influence on either body weight or body mass index in the general Japanese population.

Effect modification of cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, and physical activity in adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Socorro Simoes ◽  
Fernando Wehrmeister ◽  
Marcello Romiti ◽  
Antonio de Toledo Gagliardi ◽  
Rodolfo Arantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood

We investigated if cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between obesity and the level of physical activity. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 746 adults, free of diagnosed cardiorespiratory or locomotor diseases. We analyzed sociodemographic and clinical information, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometry, and level of physical activity (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Those that spent more time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were younger, male, with lower body mass index, without self-reported arterial blood hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, non-smokers, and presented with better cardiorespiratory fitness. The linear regression coefficients showed that cardiorespiratory fitness changes according to the level of physical activity and body mass index (obesity in low cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.0, p = 0.213, 95%CI -3.5 to 15.6; in intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.3, p = 0.114, 95%CI -1.5 to 14.2; in high cardiorespiratory fitness: β -6.3, p = 0.304, 95%CI -18.4 to 5.8). This effect modification trend was present after adjusting the model by covariates. Cardiorespiratory fitness potentially modifies the association between body mass index and the level of physical activity. It should be routinely assessed to identify persons with overweight/ obesity with low/ intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness to prescribe individualized training.

scholarly journals TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN DAN SURVEI LEVEL AKTIVITAS FISIK, STATUS KECUKUPAN ENERGI DAN STATUS ANTROPOMETRIK MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN KEPELATIHAN OLAHRAGA FIK UNY

MEDIKORA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prijo Sudibjo ◽  
Novita Intan Arovah ◽  
Rachmah Laksmi Ambardini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Status Level ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan dipersiapkan menjadi pelatih yang kompeten. Salah satu kompetensi yang diperlukan oleh pelatih adalah pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam pengukuran tingkat aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi dan status antropometrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami pengukuran level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi cross sectional pada 30 mahasiswa Program Stusi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY yang telah menempuh mata kuliah Anatomi. Pengukuran tingkat pemahaman dilaksanakan dengan metode tes. Level aktivitas fisik diukur dengan kuesioner IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), status kecukupan energi diukur dengan membagi antara asupan kalori dibagi dengan kebutuhan kalori, dan status antropometris dinilai dengan menggunakan rumus BMI (body mass index) dansomatotype berdasarkan Health Charter Manual. Data diolah secara deskriptif dan korelatif menggunakan analisis Korelasi Pearson untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat pemahaman dan status level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik dengan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada semua mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY mempunyai level aktivitas fisik yang baik (skor IPAQ rata-rata 7248,13 ± 2420,58 METS), dan status kecukupan energi yang baik pula (rata-rata kecukupan energi sebesar 96,62 ± 19,81%). Di sisi lain, status gizi pada 90 % mahasiswa menunjukkan kriteria yang normal. Uji Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang sangat kuat antara tingkat pemahaman level aktivitas fisik dan level aktivitas fisik (korelasi 0.902 dan p < 0,05), namun tidak terbukti adanya korelasi yang signifikan (p > 0,05) antara tingkat pemahaman dan status kecukupan energi dan status gizi yang secara berurutan didapatkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,27 dan 0,048.Kata Kunci: level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi, status antropometrik

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