Examination of resident characteristics associated with interest in primary care and identification of barriers to cross-cultural care

Abstract Background There is an increasing shortage of primary care physicians in the U.S. The difficult task of addressing patients’ sociocultural needs is one reason residents do not pursue primary care. However, associations between residents’ perceived barriers to cross-cultural care provision and career interest in primary care have not been investigated. Objective We examined residents’ career interest in primary care and associations with resident characteristics and their perceived barriers in providing cross-cultural care. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a resident survey from the 2018–2019 academic year. We first described residents’ sociodemographic characteristics based on their career interest in primary care (Chi-square test). Our primary outcome was high career interest in primary care. We further examined associations between residents’ characteristics and perceived barriers to cross-cultural care. Results The study included 155 family medicine, pediatrics, and internal medicine residents (response rate 68.2%), with 17 expressing high career interest in primary care. There were significant differences in high career interest by race/ethnicity, as Non-White race was associated with high career interest in primary care (p < 0.01). Resident characteristics associated with identifying multiple barriers to cross-cultural care included disadvantaged background, multilingualism, and foreign-born parents (all p-values< 0.05). There were no significant associations between high career interest in primary care and barriers to cross-cultural care. Conclusion Residents from diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds demonstrated higher career interest in primary care and perceived more barriers to cross-cultural care, underscoring the importance of increasing physician workforce diversity to address the primary care shortage and to improve cross-cultural care.

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Exercise Counseling by Primary Care Physicians in Jordan—A Preliminary Study

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/2150132720946947 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 215013272094694

Author(s):

Othman Beni Yonis ◽

Rami Saadeh ◽

Zaher Chamseddin ◽

Hussam Alananzeh

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Exercise Counseling ◽

Chi Square Test

Despite the value of physical activity and exercise to patients, little is known about the perception and practices of Jordanian primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding counseling patients about exercise. This study was aimed at assessing counseling about exercise by PCPs in Jordan. A cross-sectional study targeting a random sample of physicians from family medicine, internal medicine and general practice in academic, public, and private sectors. Chi-square test of independence was used to assess the association of perceptions and practices of physicians regarding exercise counseling with their specialty. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of demographic information with selected items of perception and practice. A total of 218 physicians participated in the study. They were mainly males (67%), family medicine physicians (42.2%), and had a mean age of 33.7 (±9.87) years. Most physicians believed that less than half of patients will start exercising (91.3%) or will continue exercising if they were repeatedly counseled at follow-up visits (85.4%). Family medicine physicians counseled more patients, more frequently, and their desire to counsel more patients was significantly higher than other physicians ( P = .002). The Perceptions and practices of Jordanian PCPs toward exercise counseling for their patients were found positive; however the desire to counsel more patients was low. Lack of patients’ motivation to practice exercise, time constraint and limited resources were the most frequently reported barriers to counseling. Further investigation on how to overcome such barriers is recommended.

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Association between Food Intake and Overweight in Children Assisted by Primary Care

The Open Nursing Journal ◽

10.2174/1874434602115010305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 305-312

Author(s):

Erivelton Sousa Lima ◽

Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa Brandão ◽

Antonio Luiz Gomes Junior ◽

Luana kelle Batista Moura ◽

Gerardo Vasconcelos Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Food Intake ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Food Groups ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The child feed in the first two years of life is of fundamental importance for a healthy growth and development. Aims: To verify the association between food consumption indicators and overweight in children under the age of two, followed up by primary care health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children assisted by primary care. A structured questionnaire was used with questions on sociodemographic data of mothers or guardians and food intake and anthropometric data of children. The analysis of the association between excess weight and food intake indicators was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher’s exact test (f ˂ 5). Results: Regarding food intake in children under 6 months of age, 35.1% of the children were exclusively breastfed. Among children at the age of 6 to 23 months: 66.3% were on continued breastfeeding; 16.7% consumed adequate foods at the age of 6 to 8 months; 90.4% consumed foods that belonged to the six food groups; 76.3% consumed food at the minimum frequency and with adequate consistency; 88.9% consumed iron-rich and vitamin A-rich foods, and 59.3% consumed ultra-processed foods. Regarding nutritional status, 24.5% of the children were overweight. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between overweight and food consumption indicators among the surveyed children. However, exclusive breastfeeding was below the recommended level, a low percentage of the introduction of complementary foods at the appropriate age and high consumption of ultra-processed foods reveal the need to improve the assistance provided by primary care to this group.

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Care for Patients with Type II Diabetes in Primary Care

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i230375 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 119-126

Author(s):

Sávia Denise Silva Carlotto Herrera ◽

Anna Carolina Lacerda Guedes ◽

Neilton Araujo de Oliveira ◽

Marcos Gontijo da Silva ◽

Júlio Cezar Castro de Souza Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Residency Program ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Medical Residency ◽

Type Ii ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate the influence of Medical Residency Program Health in Family and Community (MRPHFC) on the quality of care and prevention of type II diabetes mellitus (DM II) provided by basic health units (BHU) in Gurupi-TO. Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective research carried out in 12 BHU in the urban area of Gurupi-TO, to compare the primary care provided in the BHU that have the medical residency program, with those who do not have the program, through of the QualiAB 2016 tool that evaluates the conduct of the servers, 107 medical health professionals, nurses, nursing technicians and community health agents were surveyed, 61 in BHU with MRPFCH and 46 without. The data were tested by the chi-square test to verify if there is a difference in the service considering p≤5% or 0.05. Results: The BHU with MRPFCH performance presented more significant results in most of the items studied. Conclusion: The presence of MRPFCH programs contributes significantly to quality improvement in preventive care that is extremely important in the prevention and management of chronic comorbidities in patients with DM II.

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Knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers towards conducting research among students in a medical college, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180273 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 806 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chibi R. Vairamani ◽

Brogen S. Akoijam

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mentorship Program ◽

Medical College ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Conducting Research

Background: Health research is a low priority area in the developing world, mostly due to inadequate research budgets and financially not rewarding venture. Medical students have a limited understanding of research and what it entails. Training on research theory to application, is an important but neglected part of medical education curriculum in the country, which needs to be paid more attention. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers towards conducting research among medical students in a remote medical college of India. Methods: This cross sectional study was done in the easternmost medical college of India during November-December 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from postgraduates and interns. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used for comparing proportions. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 493 eligible participants, 440 responded to the questionnaire. More than 3/5th of the respondents had inadequate level of knowledge of conducting research. Inadequate training (87%), lack of funding (76%), lack of motivation (67%) and no mentorship program (66%), were the major reasons cited by the respondents for not participating in research projects. Ever conducted research was associated with better knowledge of research. Majority of the participants wanted to know more about research. Conclusions: The study revealed inadequate knowledge but a positive attitude towards research. Sufficient training in research methods, skills and institution of mentorship program can boost participation in research.

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Prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use among persons of tribal origin in a primary care centre in Wayanad, Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203393 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 3153

Author(s):

Reshma Javed ◽

Avani Dinesh ◽

Aswathy S. ◽

Sanjeev Vasudevan ◽

Minumaria Mathew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Care Facility ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Waking Up

Background: Persons of tribal origin account for over a quarter of India’s poorest people and also have a higher burden of disease attributable to adverse effects of tobacco use. Therefore, this study was planned in a health facility in Wayanad District to assess prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the persons of tribal origin by interview method using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire in a primary care facility in Wayanad, Kerala. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140; 524 persons of tribal origin were enrolled. The chi-square test, logistic regression was used to determine association between qualitative variables.Results: Mean age of respondents was 42.52±16.95 years. The proportion of current tobacco users was found to be 39.1% (95% CI 34.9-43.4). Majority of respondents (90.2%) chewed tobacco, only 5.2% were smokers and 0.2% used other forms such as snuff. Of the tobacco users 81.95% had considered quitting. One in five persons, 19.9% used tobacco within 30 minutes of waking up. By logistic regression, men were found to be 2.59 times (95% CI 1.69, 3.97; p<0.001), illiterates 2.25 times (95% CI 1.51, .35; <0.001) and Paniya group 2.36 times (95% CI 1.6, 3.48) more likely to use tobacco.Conclusions: A high prevalence of tobacco use, early initiation and dependency, are a challenge to tobacco control among the socially and economically vulnerable indigenous people. However, the desire and attempts made to quit tobacco can be leveraged for harm reduction and tobacco cessation among males, Paniyas and illiterate people.

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Obesity and depression, an analytical study among adults attending primary care clinics in Bahrain

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 4713

Author(s):

Afaf A. M. Ali ◽

Naseem F. Alalwan ◽

Mona A. M. Ali ◽

Adel S. Alsayyad

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Care Clinics ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Both depression and obesity are widely spread problems with major public health implications. Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases. However, its consequences on mental health is less certain. This study explore the association between obesity and depression among adults in Bahrain.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among adults ≥18 years attending general practice in four primary care health centers that have been selected randomly from the four governorate in Bahrain. Self-filled questionnaire that includes demographic information, depression scale and other behavioral and clinical factors were used as the study tool. Weight and height were measured for each participant and BMI was used to assess obesity. Depression was assessed using beck depression inventory scale, with a score of more than 16 to indicate clinical depression.Results: The prevalence of depression is 16% while the prevalence of obesity is 42% among adults in the study. The prevalence of depression among underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese adults are almost the same (around 16%). Analysis using Chi Square test and regression analysis test showed no significant association between obesity and depression.Conclusions: The present study did not confirm any relationship between obesity and depression among adults attending primary care clinics in Bahrain.

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Hubungan Antara Menyusui Dengan Involusi Uterus Pada Ibu Nifas Fisiologis Di RSIA Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.32831/jik.v5i2.136 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 64

Author(s):

Eny Sendra ◽

Dewi Indriani

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fisher Test ◽

Key Word ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Moment

Breast feeding is giving milk to be drunk to the baby from the breast. Uterus involution is a process how the uterus return to the condition back, before pregnanting after bearing. At the moment of suckling, happens a stimulus and brings the hormones out, such as oksitosin uses not only to stimulate some muscles constraction but also to stimulate the uterus, so that the process of uterus involution happens foster. According to the explanations above, the research aimed to know about the correlation between breast feeding and uterus involution. This research’s design was, cross sectional by the population of all childbirth mothers approximately 50 persons / month. By using accidental sampling technique we got 21 sample respondents. The place of research in RSIA Aura Syifa in Kediri Regency on 16th until 22nd of June 2009. From this research’s result, we got 14 persons (66,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a good way, one person (4,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way, 2 persons (9,52%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a good way and 4 persons (19,05%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way. Statistic test which used chi-square test, counted the probability frequency in advance, from that we got 3 columns with the score, less than 5, so that chi-square can not be continued and by doing exact fisher test, the score was 0,001. Because P with the grade mistake 0,05 smaller, so the conclusion was “Ho” is rejected, it meant “there was correlation between suckling and uterus involution”. Key Word : Breast feeding, uterus involution

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FAKTOR PERSONAL YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PERAWAT RSUD EMBUNG FATIMAH BATAM

Human Care Journal ◽

10.32883/hcj.v5i3.856 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 875

Author(s):

Asfri Sri Rahmadeni

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Turnover Rate ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Hospital Nurses ◽

Test Results ◽

Personal Factors ◽

High Turnover ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

<p class="Normal1"><em>Commitment is the attitude or behavior of likes or dislikes shown by someone against the organization at work. Indonesia is recorded as a nurse who has a low organizational commitment (76%) so it harms services. This phenomenon in the hospital can be seen from the indicator of the high turnover rate of nurses which reaches 30.9% which exceeds the standard <5%. Many factors affect organizational commitment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Personal Factors Associated with Organizational Commitment of Hospital Nurses. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study and purposive sampling technique with a sample of 59 nurses. Chi-Square test results obtained personal factors that have a relationship with organizational commitment Nurse Hospital is age with p = 0,000 and education with p = 0,000, personal factors not related to organizational commitment are gender p = 1,053 and years of service with p = 1,147. Hospitals should conduct research/surveys on Organizational Commitment periodically as an evaluation material in the context of the organization's development and development in the future</em>.</p>

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GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

Medical and Health Science Journal ◽

10.33086/mhsj.v3i1.808 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breeding Sites ◽

Dengue Disease ◽

Vector Borne Diseases ◽

Transportation Equipment ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of the working area of Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

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IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.33394/bjib.v7i2.2371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Dini Yuliansari

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Variable ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Dug Well ◽

The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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