Volume and accumulation patterns of physical activity and sedentary time: longitudinal changes and tracking from early to late childhood

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) decreases and sedentary time (SED) increases across childhood, with both behaviours tracking. However, no studies have examined how accumulation patterns of PA and SED (i.e., prolonged bouts, frequency of breaks in sedentary time) change and track over time. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in and tracking of total volume and accumulation patterns of SED, light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA), vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) among boys and girls. Methods In 2008/09 (T1), children in HAPPY (3-5y; n = 758) in Melbourne, Australia wore ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers to objectively assess SED, LPA, MPA and VPA. This was repeated at age 6-8y (T2; n = 473) and 9-11y (T3; n = 478). Ten pattern variables were computed: bouts of ≥ 5-, ≥ 10-, ≥ 15- and ≥ 20-min for SED, ≥ 1- and ≥ 5-min for LPA, ≥ 1-min for MPA, ≥ 1- and ≥ 5-min for VPA, and breaks in SED (interruptions of > 25 counts 15 s− 1). Longitudinal mixed models examined changes from T1-3, controlling for T1 age. Generalized estimating equations assessed tracking over the three time points, controlling for T1 age and time between measurements. Analyses were stratified by sex. Results Total volume and bouts of SED and SED breaks increased, while total volume and bouts of LPA decreased for both sexes. There was a small decrease in total volume of MPA for girls, but time spent in ≥ 1-min bouts increased for both sexes. Total volume of VPA increased for both sexes, with time spent in ≥ 1-min bouts increasing for boys only. All volume and pattern variables tracked moderately for boys, except for all SED bouts ≥ 15-min, LPA bouts ≥ 5-min and MPA bouts ≥ 1-min (which tracked weakly). For girls, total SED and SED bouts ≥ 1-min tracked strongly, total volume of LPA, MPA and VPA, ≥ 5- and ≥ 10-min SED bouts, and ≥ 1-min LPA and MPA bouts tracked moderately, and SED breaks, all SED bouts ≥ 15 min, LPA bouts ≥ 5 min and all VPA bouts tracked weakly. Conclusions Patterns of SED and PA change from early to late childhood; with the exception of SED breaks and VPA, changes were detrimental. Total volumes and short bouts tended to track more strongly than longer bouts. Interventions to prevent declines in PA and increases in SED are important from early in life.

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504Patterns of physical activity and sedentary time: Changes and tracking from early childhood

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Katherine Downing ◽

Trina Hinkley ◽

Anna Timperio ◽

Jo Salmon ◽

Alison Carver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Young Children ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Generalized Estimating Equations ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Time Changes

Abstract Background Little is known about how activity patterns change throughout childhood. This study examined changes and tracking of total volume and bouts of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) from early to late childhood. Methods Volume and bouts of SED and light-, moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (LPA, MPA and VPA) were assessed by accelerometry at 3-5y (n = 758), 6-8y (n = 473) and 9-11y (n = 478). Mixed models examined changes and generalized estimating equations assessed tracking (β < 0.3=weak, 0.3-0.6=moderate, >0.6=strong), stratified by sex and controlling for baseline age and time between measurements. Results Patterns of SED increased and LPA decreased for both sexes. Total volume of MPA decreased for girls, but time in ≥ 1-min bouts increased for both sexes. Total volume of VPA increased for both sexes, with time spent in ≥ 1-min bouts increasing for boys. All volume and bout variables tracked moderately for boys, except SED bouts ≥15-min, LPA bouts ≥5-min and MPA bouts ≥1-min which tracked weakly. For girls, total SED and bouts ≥1-min tracked strongly, while total volume of LPA, MPA and VPA, ≥5- and ≥10-min SED bouts, and ≥1-min LPA and MPA bouts tracked moderately. Conclusions Activity patterns changed from early to late childhood, with total volumes and short bouts of PA and SED tracking more strongly than longer bouts. Although MVPA increased slightly, total volume and bouts of SED increased considerably more and, of concern, replaced LPA. Key messages Interventions are needed to ensure that young children establish and maintain healthy PA and SED levels from a young age.

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Influence of Parenting Style on Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x211045528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2333794X2110455

Author(s):

Corey A. Selland ◽

Emily C. Huber-Johnson ◽

Mary Bowne ◽

Jessica R. Meendering

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

And Gender ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style

The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of parenting style on body mass index (BMI) percentile, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time (ST) in children. Accelerometers were used to assess PA and ST in 152 fifth-grade children. Parenting style was assessed by the child participants’ responses to modified questions from the Parenting Style Inventory II and dichotomized as authoritative or non-authoritative. Multiple linear regression analyses were utilized to identify significant predictors of outcomes of interest. Parenting style did not predict ST or any intensity of PA; however, BMI percentile and gender were significant predictors of moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensity PA, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA ( P < .01). BMI percentile was predicted to be lower in females with authoritative mothers ( P < .01). While authoritative and non-authoritative parenting style did not predict objectively measured PA or ST in early adolescents, authoritative parenting style did predict BMI percentile in female participants.

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Longitudinal physical activity assessment in post-surgical gynecologic cancer patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e21582 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e21582-e21582 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jessica Gorzelitz-Liebhauser ◽

Erin S. Costanzo ◽

Ryan J. Spencer ◽

Meredith E. Rumble ◽

Stephen L. Rose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Gynecologic Cancer ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Over Time

e21582 Background: Physical activity is a key determinant of health, and exercise can be effective for decreasing anxiety and depression and improving quality of life in cancer survivors. The primary aim of this study was to report the trajectory of physical activity over time for post-operative gynecologic cancer patients. The secondary aim was to identify correlates of total physical activity over time. Methods: The study population included patients who underwent surgery for endometrial (n = 80) or ovarian (n = 43) cancer and wore an accelerometer for a 3-day period at 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after surgery. Accelerometer data were captured during all waking hours and were transformed into categories of light, moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity. The outcome of interest was total minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) collected over the three day period at each time point, analyzed using a linear mixed effect model approach, assessing the correlates of age, body mass index (BMI), self-rated health, laparotomy vs. laparoscopic (endometrial only) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy yes/no (ovarian only). Results: Mean age was 58.8 ± 10.1 years with mean BMI of 35.5±10.3 kg/m2. Over each three-day period, patients performed 7 ± 12 minutes of total accumulated MVPA at 1 week, 20 ± 41 minutes of total MVPA at 1 month, and 25 ± 36 minutes at 4-months post-surgery (p = 0.01). Federal guidelines recommend approximately 70 minutes of moderate intensity activity over a three-day period to collect 150 minutes of moderate activity a week. Better self-rated health at baseline was associated with increased activity over time (p = 0.02). BMI, age, type of surgery or use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not predict physical activity in patients of either disease site. Conclusions: Physical activity increased over time for endometrial and ovarian cancer patients. Self-reported health at baseline was also positively associated with increased moderate-vigorous physical activity over time. There is insufficient evidence to show that BMI significantly contributes to changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity over time. Future research should address barriers to activity and novel interventions.

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Dose–response association between physical activity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case–control study in a Chinese population

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. e026854 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

YangFan Li ◽

Fei He ◽

Yun He ◽

XinTing Pan ◽

YunLi Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Time And Energy

AimPhysical activity plays an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).However, the optimal intensity and dose of physical activity for the treatment of NAFLD have yet to be found. In the present study, we aimed to provide a dose–response association between physical activity and NAFLD in a Chinese population.MethodsWe recruited 543 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography, and 543 age-matched and sex-matched controls. The amount of physical activity, sedentary time and energy intake was collected through a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between physical activity and NAFLD.ResultsAfter adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, energy intake and sedentary time, the total amount of physical activity was found to be inversely associated with NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner in men (>3180 metabolic equivalent of energy [MET]-min/week vs ≤1440 MET-min/week: OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91, p for trend=0.01). In addition, both moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity were effective in reducing the risk of NAFLD, independent of confounding variables in men (moderate-intensity physical activity: >684 MET-min/week vs none: OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.86, p for trend=0.01; vigorous-intensity physical activity: >960 MET-min/week vs none: OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.95, p for trend=0.02).ConclusionsPhysical activity was inversely associated with risk of NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner in men. Vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity physical activity were both beneficial to NAFLD, independent of sedentary time and energy intake.

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Misreporting of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Parents-to-Be: A Validation Study across Sex

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094654 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4654

Author(s):

Tom Deliens ◽

Vickà Versele ◽

Jasper Jehin ◽

Eva D’Hondt ◽

Yanni Verhavert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Self Reports ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Context Specific ◽

Acceptable Agreement ◽

Activity Questionnaire

This study validated the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Context-specific Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) against accelerometry among parents-to-be. Sex-differences in potential misreporting of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were also investigated. Self-reported total PA (TPA), light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA), vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), and SB of 91 parents-to-be (41 men and 50 women) were compared with Actigraph data according to sex. Furthermore, the extent of misreporting was compared between sexes. Strong correlations for TPA and weak-to-moderate correlations for LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA, and SB were observed. Participants underestimated TPA by 1068 min/week (=17.8 h/week; −50%), LPA by 1593 min/week (=26.6 h/week; −83%), and SB by 428 min/week (=7.1 h/week; −11%) and overestimated MPA by 384 min/week (=6.4 h/week; +176%) and MVPA by 525 min/week (=8.8 h/week; +224%). Males overreported VPA more than females in absolute minutes per week (238 min/week, i.e., 4.0 h/week vs. 62 min/week, i.e., 1.0 h/week), whereas, in relative terms, the opposite (+850% vs. +1033%) was true. The IPAQ and CSBQ can be used with caution to estimate TPA and SB among parents-to-be considering a strong correlation but low agreement for TPA and a weak-to-moderate correlation but acceptable agreement for SB. We disadvise using these self-reports to estimate PA on the distinct intensity levels.

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Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a 3-Month Monitoring

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2018/7806574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Micaela Porta ◽

Giuseppina Pilloni ◽

Roberta Pili ◽

Carlo Casula ◽

Mauro Murgia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Gait Analysis ◽

Time Slot ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Gait Patterns ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

Vigorous Intensity

Background. Although physical activity (PA) is known to be beneficial in improving motor symptoms of people with Parkinson’s disease (pwPD), little is known about the relationship between gait patterns and features of PA performed during daily life. Objective. To verify the existence of possible relationships between spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of gait and amount/intensity of PA, both instrumentally assessed. Methods. Eighteen individuals affected by PD (10F and 8M, age 68.0 ± 10.8 years, 1.5 ≤ Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) < 3) were required to wear a triaxial accelerometer 24 h/day for 3 consecutive months. They also underwent a 3D computerized gait analysis at the beginning and end of the PA assessment period. The number of daily steps and PA intensity were calculated on the whole day, and the period from 6:00 to 24:00 was grouped into 3 time slots, using 3 different cut-point sets previously validated in the case of both pwPD and healthy older adults. 3D gait analysis provided spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of gait, including summary indexes of quality (Gait Profile Score (GPS) and Gait Variable Score (GVS)). Results. The analysis of hourly trends of PA revealed the existence of two peaks located in the morning (approximately at 10) and in the early evening (between 18 and 19). However, during the morning time slot (06:00–12:00), pwPD performed significantly higher amounts of steps (4313 vs. 3437 in the 12:00–18:00 time slot, p<0.001, and vs. 2889 in the 18:00–24:00 time slot, p=0.021) and of moderate-to-vigorous PA (43.2% vs. 36.3% in the 12:00–18:00 time slot, p=0.002, and vs. 31.4% in the 18:00–24:00 time slot, p=0.049). The correlation analysis shows that several PA intensity parameters are significantly associated with swing-phase duration (rho = −0.675 for sedentary intensity, rho = 0.717 for moderate-to-vigorous intensity, p<0.001), cadence (rho = 0.509 for sedentary intensity, rho = −0.575 for moderate-to-vigorous intensity, p<0.05), and overall gait pattern quality as expressed by GPS (rho = −0.498 to −0.606 for moderate intensity, p<0.05) and GVS of knee flexion-extension (rho = −0.536 for moderate intensity, p<0.05). Conclusions. Long-term monitoring of PA integrated by the quantitative assessment of spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of gait may represent a useful tool in supporting a better-targeted prescription of PA and rehabilitative treatments in pwPD.

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Independent and Joint Associations of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Cardiometabolic Health Markers in the 1970 British Birth Cohort

10.1101/19009738 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bo-Huei Huang ◽

Mark Hamer ◽

Sebastien Chastin ◽

Annemarie Koster ◽

Natalie Pearson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Breaks In Sedentary Time ◽

Joint Associations

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the independent and joint associations thigh-worn accelerometry assessed sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity with cardiometabolic health markers.DesignCross-sectional study embedded in the age-46 wave an established birth cohort, the 1970 British Birth Cohort.SettingPopulation-based sample from Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales).MethodsOutcome measures included: body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and c-reactive protein. Sedentary behavior and other physical activity exposures, recorded by a thigh-worn activPAL3 accelerometry, included: daily sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, daily time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Multiple linear regression analyses, multiple logistic regression analyses, and general linear models were conducted as applicable.Results4,634 participants were available for the final analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, daily sedentary time was positively associated with triglycerides (β=0.052 [0.015, 0.089]) and inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β=-0.015 [-0.022, -0.010]). Daily prolonged sedentary time (≥ 60 minutes) was positively associated with both glycated hemoglobin and log-transformed c-reactive protein (β=0.240 [0.030, 0.440] and 0.026 [0.007, 0.045], respectively) and inversely associated with systolic blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β=-0.450 [-0.760, -0.150] and -0.013 [-0.022, -0.003], respectively). After adjusting for potential confounders and daily sedentary time, daily breaks in sedentary time were inversely associated with glycated hemoglobin (β=-0.020 [-0.037, -0.003]), and positively associated with both triglycerides and systolic blood pressure (β=0.006 [0.002, 0.010] and 0.030 [0.002, 0.050], respectively). The joint associations of prolonged sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with the prevalence of diabetes were not statistically significant.ConclusionProlonged sedentary time (≥ 60 minutes) and daily breaks in sedentary time were deleteriously associated with glycated hemoglobin, although we found no evidence that there were joint moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sitting associations.

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Abstract P063: The Association Between Physical Activity and Fasting and 2-Hour Glucose in US Adults: NHANES 2013-2014

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p063 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Joshua R Sparks ◽

Xuewen F Wang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Glucose Disposal ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Background: Glucose concentrations in a fasted and during a glucose challenged state rely on different mechanisms for regulation. In a fasted state, hepatic regulation of glucose is important; while in a glucose challenged state, muscle glucose disposal becomes more important. Evidence suggests that physical activity of moderate or higher intensities can increase muscle glucose disposal during an insulin-stimulated state, but has less effect on hepatic insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between glucose concentrations (fasting and after an oral glucose ingestion) and minutes of physical activity at moderate- and vigorous-intensity in a large population. Methods: The sample included 2,807 adults (47.4% male and 52.6% female) aged 18-80 years who participated in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2013-2014 and who did not take any diabetic medications. Minutes being physically active at moderate- and vigorous-intensities during work, and recreationally, were collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire, which was based on the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Moderate-intensity physical activity was defined as any activity that caused a small increase in breathing or heart rate, while vigorous-intensity physical activity was defined as large increases in breathing or heart rate. Both intensities had to be performed for a minimum of 10 continuous minutes. Plasma glucose concentrations at fasting and 2 hours after consumption of a drink containing 75g glucose (2-hour glucose) were determined. Pearson product correlations were performed for analysis. Results: The population had 141±133 (mean±SD) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity during work and 63±56 minutes recreationally, as well as 174±156 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity during work and 77±56 minutes recreationally. Minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity performed during work was associated with 2-hour plasma glucose concentrations (r=0.15; p=0.045); this association was not affected after adjusting for age, race, and sex (p=0.049), but was no longer significant after BMI was also adjusted (p=0.059). Recreational or total minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, and moderate-intensity physical activity was not associated with 2-hour glucose (p>0.20). Additionally, none of the physical activity minutes was associated with fasting glucose (p>0.27). Conclusion: Self-reported vigorous-intensity physical activity during work was positively associated with 2-hour glucose, but not fasting glucose. The results are surprising. Further studies with objective physical activity measures are needed to examine the associations with fasting and 2-hour glucose.

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Abstract P495: Trends in Physical Activity Among US Older Adults With Heart Failure 2007-2016

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Fan Ye ◽

Li Zhou ◽

Joseph Yeboah ◽

Peter H Brubaker ◽

Alain G Bertoni

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Recreational Activities ◽

Aerobic Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a growing public health problem which is the leading cause of hospitalization. About half of people who develop HF die within 5 years of diagnosis. Recent evidence suggests that physical inactivity may be an important risk for HF. However, the importance of physical activity in the prevention and treatment have not been adequately recognized. Self-reported physical activity can provide insights into the impact of lifestyle behaviors on mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity and HF in a nationally representative sample of United States (US) adults. Methods: The 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collection cycles were used for this analysis. Participants aged 65 and older with HF were defined as those who answered “yes” to the question: “Has a doctor or other health professional ever told you that you had congestive HF?” Frequency and duration of self-reported moderate-intensity (“Days moderate recreational activities” and “Minutes moderate recreational activities”) and vigorous-intensity Days vigorous recreational activities” and “Minutes vigorous recreational activities”) physical activity were collected through questionnaires as well in all data cycles. We used 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Older Adults, which recommended that most older adults (age≥65 years) participate in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week as our cut-off points for calculating moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results: Between 2007-2008 and 2015-2016, the percentage of US adults ≥65 years with HF increased from 2.76% to 3.69% (p=0.04). Although a similar percentage of participants who met the criteria of at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week was noted in both groups from 2007 to 2016 (on average, HF: 56.9% vs. HF-free: 56.7%, respectively, p>0.05), more HF-free participants reported at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity recreational activities per week compared to HF participants in each calendar year (82.8% vs. 66.7%, 85.0% vs. 70.0%, 83.5% vs. 55.0%, 87.0% vs.75%, 85.2% vs. 63.6%, respectively, p<0.01). Additionally, among those who reported activities, older adults with HF were less than 20 times as likely to report moderate or vigorous recreational activities compared to those without HF. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate lower self-reported physical recreational activities, especially vigorous activities, in older participants who report a diagnosis of HF and more participants without HF report vigorous-intensity recreational activities. Future study should focus on understanding the physical limitations of HF patients, which is paramount in developing cardiac rehabilitation strategies to improve their function capacity.

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Associations of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with the Risk of Stroke, Myocardial Infarction or All-Cause Mortality in 70-Year-Old Men and Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

Sports Medicine ◽

10.1007/s40279-020-01356-y ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marcel Ballin ◽

Peter Nordström ◽

Johan Niklasson ◽

Anna Nordström

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Men And Women ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Incident Cases ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Abstract Objective To study the associations of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) with the combined outcome of incident stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) or all-cause mortality in older adults. Methods N = 3343 men and women aged 70 who participated in a health survey between 2012 and 2017 were included. Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers were used to measure light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and ST for 1 week. Incident cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in terms of stroke or MI, and all-cause mortality were identified using national registers. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regressions. Results During a mean follow-up of 2.7 years (0.1–5.6), there were 124 events of CVD or all-cause mortality. After adjusting for potential confounders and mediators, every 30-min/day increment in LPA was associated with 11% lower risk of CVD or all-cause mortality (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.97), and every 30-min/day increment in MPA was associated with 36% lower risk (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.48–0.84). Every 1-h/day increment in ST increased the risk of the outcomes by 33% (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.14–1.56), although there was no significant association among participants who performed ≥ 30 min/day MPA (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.82–1.50, P = 0.034 for interaction). None of the associations were modified by sex (P > 0.4 for all). Conclusion Objectively measured LPA and MPA are each associated with lower risk of stroke, MI or all-cause mortality in 70-year-old individuals, while ST is associated with increased risk. The greatest risk reduction is observed for MPA, which also appears to attenuate some of the increased risks associated with ST.

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