scholarly journals Sports nutrition knowledge and perceptions among professional basketball athletes and coaches in Lebanon-a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Matar Boumosleh ◽  
Catherine el Hage ◽  
Antoine Farhat
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Sports Nutrition ◽  
Basketball Player ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Basketball is the most popular sport in Lebanon. Adequate nutrition has been established to be a key component of optimal athletic performance, recovery from exercise and exercise-induced injury and documented to be associated with adequate nutrition knowledge (NK). In Lebanon, nutrition education is not incorporated into the basketball player training program and there is no established position for sports nutritionists in basketball clubs. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to evaluate the NK status of Division I Basketball (D1B) players /coaches in Lebanon. The objectives of this study are to assess the prevalence of inadequate NK; identify the gaps in NK, main sources of nutrition information, perceptions on sports nutrition and independent predictors of inadequate NK among D1B players and coaches in Lebanon. Methods All D1B players (n = 184) and coaches (n = 16) in Lebanon were invited to participate in the study. Study participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that included questions on NK, resources and perceptions. A percentage of ≥60% of NK questions answered correctly was used as indicative of having adequate NK. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the sample characteristics. The T-test and chi square test were used for comparisons of means and proportions, respectively. Logistic regression was used to explore the predictors of inadequate NK in D1B players. Results The sample consisted of 178 D1B players (nM = 126; nF = 52) and 11 male coaches, resulting in survey response rates of 97 and 69%, respectively. Inadequate NK was found among about 80 and 54% of D1B players and coaches, respectively. Inadequate NK was found to be independently associated with lack of nutrition education in D1B players. Conclusions Despite widespread lack of adequate NK among D1B players and coaches in Lebanon, our sports clubs do not have dietitians. Basketball sports clubs in Lebanon should start to budget for hiring a dietitian or carrying out nutrition education campaigns that are based on analyses of incorrect responses of our study participants. Findings of this study are of tremendous significance to D1B players in Lebanon in terms of improving the athletes’ physical health and performance.

scholarly journals Nutrition Knowledge is Correlated with a Better Dietary Intake in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo C. Noronha ◽  
Monique I. A. F. Santos ◽  
Adrianny A. Santos ◽  
Lizia G. A. Corrente ◽  
Rúbia K. N. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional

Nutrition education is one of the factors that may help to promote behavior change and therefore may improve the dietary habits of adolescent soccer players. However, information about the relationship between nutrition knowledge (NK) and the dietary behavior of these athletes is scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eating habits of adolescent soccer players and analyse the correlations among dietary intake and NK. Seventy-three Brazilian adolescent soccer players (aged 14–19 years), from four professional clubs, underwent anthropometric evaluation and completed 3-day food records. Misreporting of energy intake was evaluated and the dietary intake data were energy-adjusted and compared with recommendations for athletes and dietary reference intakes. The athletes also answered a questionnaire about barriers for healthy eating and a nutrition knowledge test divided into three sections: Basic Nutrition Knowledge (BNK), Sports Nutrition Knowledge (SNK), and Food Pyramid Nutrition Knowledge (FPNK). The participants showed a low NK (54.6%) and an inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. A positive correlation was found between the ingestion of phosphorus and FPNK as well as among calcium and both SNK and Total NK (p<0.05). Sodium intake was negatively correlated with all categories of the NK test (p<0.05). The adolescents reported that the principal barriers for adopting a healthy diet were the lack of willpower and a busy lifestyle. In this context, nutrition education is recommended and should also provide practicable healthy eating goals according to athletes´ lifestyle as well as target motivational barriers to increase adherence.

scholarly journals Survey of Urinary Aflatoxin Levels Among Residents of Makueni County, Kenya: A Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Martin Buuri ◽  
Michael Gicheru ◽  
Joshua Mutiso ◽  
Festus Mulakoli
Keyword(s):  
Food Contamination ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Study Participants

Although fungi are known to be less pathogenic and mostly saprophytic in their nature as compared to other groups of microbes, those that produce aflatoxin have been associated with severe human disease. An example of such disease is Aflatoxicosis caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi of the species Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. They produce a mycotoxin substance that is carcinogenic to the human liver with severe outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine urinary aflatoxin levels among the residents of Makueni County, previously affected by Aflatoxicosis. This was a cross-sectional study that involved the use of primary data collected from 106 participants. The method for data collection included a structured questionnaire and the collection of the urine samples for aflatoxin M1 analysis at Bora Biotech Laboratories LTD. The urinary levels of AFM1 were detected by use of an ELISA kit. Data was entered in SPSS and analysed through Chi-Square for the association. The study participants, including both male and female, had an age of between 15 and 91 years and with an average age of 41±18. Out of the 106 study participants, n=68 (72%) were females and n=26 (28%) were males. Majority of the study participants were with a median age of 24 years old. AFM1 levels were detected in 99.1% % of all urine samples at a range of 25-2337 pg./ml. The mean and median concentration of AFM1 in urine was 637.6 ± 512.7and 525 pg./mL, respectively. The results of this study provide information on the current situation of aflatoxin exposure. From what is evident from our study a lot needs to be done to mitigate on the long-term effect of this high exposure.  Therefore, the study encourages the concerned ministry to have a broader focus on the extent of aflatoxin food contamination from this region plus other regions across the country.

scholarly journals A survey of kinesiophobia as a correlate of lower limb function in patients with lower extremity fractures during inpatient post-operative rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Ajediran I Bello ◽  
Love Kanebi ◽  
Fidelis T Iyor ◽  
Babatunde O A Adegoke
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Background: The rehabilitation phase of patients with lower extremity fractures (LEF) is often hindered post-operatively by fear of moving (kinesiophobia) with consequent deconditioning and declining of functions. Profiling the prevalence of kinesiophobia and its association with demographic variables could become useful during the rehabilitation process. Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of kinesiophobia and its correlation with lower limb functions among patients with LEF post-operatively. Methods: One-hundred and nine (n = 109) patients [male = 79 (72.50%)] with mean age of 41.83 ± 17.37 yr. participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants with LEF who had either undergone closed reduction and immobilization or open reduction with internal or external fixation were recruited into this study using convenience sampling during the rehabilitation phase at the orthopaedic wards of two tertiary healthcare facilities in Accra. Data collection was performed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Lower Extremity Functional Scale. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficient and Chi-square tests at p < 0.05.Results: Seventy-nine (72.50%) of the participants exhibited kinesiophobia based on their TSK scores (≥37). The TSK scores were significantly inversely correlated with participants’ lower limb function (r = -0.345; p < 0.001). Participants’ sex as well as the causes, types and sites of the fractures sustained had no significant association (p > 0.050) with the level of kinesiophobia. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of kinesiophobia which negatively correlated with LEF but was not associated with the type, site, and cause of fracture as well as the participants’ sex. Mitigating kinesiophobia should always be considered an integral rehabilitation goal for in-patients with LEF.

scholarly journals Assessment of awareness and attitude towards counterfeit medicines among pharmacy professionals working in community drug retail outlets in Harar town, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Eklas Abdunasir ◽  
Teshome Sosengo ◽  
Frehiwot Amare ◽  
Mohammed Yimam ◽  
Bisrat Hagos
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Counterfeit Medicines ◽  
Counterfeit Medicine ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Counterfeit medicines are drugs which are deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source. According to the WHO 2017 report, about 1% of prescribed medicines in the developed world and about 10-50% in parts of the developing world are estimated to be counterfeits. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy profes-sionals towards counterfeit medicines in Harar town. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among pharmacy professionals found in Harar town, East Ethiopia. All pharmacy professionals working in community drug retail outlets of Harar town was included in the study. Accordingly, 92 pharmacy professionals were included in the study. The data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared in English language. Data was coded, entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sci-ence version 22. Then chi-square(x2) test was performed to determine there exists association of so-cio-demographic characters, profession and year of service towards awareness and attitude about counterfeit medicines was investigated using. Result: A total of 92 respondents were included in the study. The majority, 76 (82.6%), of the study participants had information about counterfeit medicine. The 26(28.3%), 42(45.7%) and 24(26%) of the respondents replied that counterfeit medicines have problem of efficacy, safety and cause eco-nomic problem on sellers of genuine drugs respectively. Majority of the study of the study partici-pants were not aware of a way of identification of counterfeit medicines, with only 18(19.6%), 47(51.1%) and 27(29.3%), replied that counterfeit medicines can be identified by its effect, inspec-tion and cost respectively. Majority of the respondents, 60(65.2%), responded that pharmacy profes-sional that knowingly dispense counterfeit medicine are business man /women. Most of the re-spondents, 66(71.7%), replied that pharmacy professionals carry out the business of counterfeit medicines transaction because of big profit obtained from such an activity. gender, profession and year of service in serving as pharmacy professional was found to be significantly associated with awareness towards counterfeit medicines, (p<0.05). Conclusion: Significant proportion of the study participants were not aware of the problems associ-ated with counterfeit medicines as efficacy, safety and economic problems. Majority of the respond-ents still are unaware about ways of identification of counterfeit medicines as inspection, by effica-cy and cost. Keywords: Counterfeit medicines; Awareness; Attitude; Professionals; Drug retail outlets

scholarly journals A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Muhammad Subhan Arshad ◽  
Iltaf Hussain ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Khezar Hayat ◽  
Abdul Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants

The current study aims to assess the beliefs of the general public in Pakistan towards conspiracy theories, acceptance, willingness to pay, and preference for the COVID-19 vaccine. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire during January 2021. The Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was utilized for statistical data analysis. A total of 2158 respondents completed the questionnaire, among them 1192 (55.2%) were male with 23.87 (SD: ±6.23) years as mean age. The conspiracy beliefs circulating regarding the COVID-19 vaccine were believed by 9.3% to 28.4% of the study participants. Among them, 1040 (48.2%) agreed to vaccinate on its availability while 934 (43.3%) reported the Chinese vaccine as their preference. The conspiracy beliefs of the participants were significantly associated with acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. The existence of conspiracy beliefs and low vaccine acceptance among the general population is a serious threat to successful COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals Advancing Age as a Risk Factor for Acute Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Aisha Bashir ◽  
Asma Salam ◽  
Aasia Kanwal
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in developed and developing countries. Age is an important non-modifiable risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the relationship of advancing age with the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 after getting approval from Institutional Review board of University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Written informed consent and thorough history was taken from the study participants. Group 1 included 45 AMI patients aged 20-60 years. Group 2 included 45 healthy individuals aged 20-60 years. Independent sample t test and chi-square tests were applied for analysis of data. Results: Mean age was significantly higher in AMI patients (50.52±7.31) as compared to healthy controls (30.67±7.20). The risk of AMI increases with advancing age (p<0.001, OR= 2.78). Conclusions: Advancing age is an important risk factor for acute myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practices of recording and maintaining patients ‘dental records among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e214995
Author(s):  
Gurkiran Kaur ◽  
Abhishek Mehta ◽  
Aastha Sahani ◽  
Shradha Malik
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dental Records ◽  
Study Participants

Proper recording and keeping dental records are an important part of any dental practice. It helps in improving patient care, has medico-legal importance and play significant role in human identification during mass disasters or criminal offences. Aim: To assess the knowledge and practices of recording and maintaining patients ‘records among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study was collected from 160 dentists of Delhi using a self-administered questionnaire. The face and content validity as well as reliability of questionnaire was tested before the final data collection. A single trained examiner collected all the necessary information via personal visits or google forms. Chi-square test was applied to check the statistically significant difference between the dichotomous independent variables with respect to study participants’ responses to the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 34.5 (SD 7.2) years.Digital method of recording patient’s data and x-ray storage was more prevalent than manual method among the study participants. Slightly more than 40% of the dentists were keeping patient’s records safe for a period of 6 to 10 years. Younger dentists with lesser years of practice were more explicit in recording and correcting patient records. Conclusion: Results of this study shows that private dental practitioners of Delhi are aware of medico-legal importance of dental records. Most of them were recording important findings and history of their patients. Dentists must be educated in two aspects namely correct method of recording and the ideal duration of storing their patients’ dental records.

scholarly journals Nutrition Knowledge Determinants among Undergraduate Students in Selected University in Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dian Luthfiana Sufyan ◽  
Yuri Nurdiantami ◽  
Utami Wahyuningsih ◽  
Ade Fatma Krisdiani
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p><em>Malnutrition problem (under and over nutrition), known as the double burden of malnutrition, was a growing concern in developing countries, including Indonesia. The 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey noted a substantial increase in the proportion of these nutritional impairments. As a fundamental factor of malnutrition, nutritional knowledge was expected to be occupied not only by vulnerable groups. A transitional age group like youth, in this case undergraduate students, should also be on the radar since they carried a risk of malnutrition from adolescence into adulthood. This study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge determinants among undergraduate students in Jakarta. This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. The nutritional knowledge regarding the Indonesian Guideline for Balance Diet, as well as participants’ characteristics questionnaire, was self-administered online by 235 participants using Google Form. Chi-Square, Spearman’s rho, and logistics regression tests were used to analyze the data using statistical software. Students who participated in this study were primarily female, aged under 20 years, achieve a GPA above 3.50, and had normal BMI. The bivariate analysis reported a significant association between sex, study field, and parent’s income with nutrition knowledge level. Based on logistic regression, the odds of having an adequate nutrition knowledge level is about 2.76 times higher among students whose parents earned 3-5 million IDR per month than students whose parents earned less than 3 million or more than 5 million IDR. Undergraduate students were also a prominent target group to ensure nutritional knowledge occupancy since they may face adolescent nutritional problems and future risk of adult nutritional problems. This study is fostering targeted nutrition education for youth undergraduate students.</em></p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of cataract, its risk factors and the barriers to cataract surgery among older women in a rural population of Cuddalore

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5338
Author(s):  
Merlin S. J. Doss ◽  
P. Kalyani ◽  
A. John William Felix
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Cataract is the leading causes of vision impairment and preventable blindness in populations aged 50 and older. Advancing age, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco use and sunlight exposure are proven risk factors for cataract development. The prevalence of cataract is higher in low-income settings compared to high-income regions and also higher among females, compared to males. Hence this study has been conducted among a rural female population, aged 50 and above.Methods: The data collection for this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 4 months (December 2019 to March 2020), in a rural area of Chidambaram, Cuddalore. 397 study participants (202 females and 195 males) were interviewed using a semi-structured proforma, and examined accordingly. Of this, only the 202 females were included in this study, for estimating the prevalence of cataract among female population aged 50 and above. Data was analysed using SPSS statistical software presented as frequencies. Chi square test was used for finding association.Results: The overall prevalence of cataract in the present study is 64.9% (54.5% unilateral and 10.4% bilateral). Risk factors such as age, hypertension, diabetes, tobacco usage and sunlight exposure were significantly associated with the prevalence of cataract (p<0.05, 95% CI). Personal attitudinal reasons like neglect, no felt need and nobody to accompany were the most commonly encountered barriers to cataract surgery.Conclusions: Targeted camps, health education and screening programs can help overcome the unique barriers to surgery faced by females.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of tobacco abuse in Rishikesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-166
Author(s):  
Deeapk Kumar ◽  
Surekha Kishore ◽  
Meenakshi Khapre ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Bhavna Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Abuse ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: Tobacco is the most common form of substance abuse. Commonest evil of modern society is use of tobacco, though alcohol is equally harmful as tobacco but the accessibility of tobacco and its product are far easier for any individua. Aim & Objective: To determine the prevalence of tobacco abuse in the community and its association with sociodemographic factors of study participants. Materia & Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 804 study participants of age group 15 – 60 years in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Since the population of urban and rural area is almost equal, so to get equal representative 402 study participants were selected from each area. Data was collected in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 23 using appropriate statistical techniques like percentage, chi-square test and p-value. Results: Overall prevalence of substance abuse was found to be 37.4% out of which the prevalence of current users was 31.34%. Conclusion: Present study revealed that in spite of having strict law for prohibition of substance abuse, people are still addicted. There is a need to change either in law or in behavior of people at large.

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