scholarly journals Toward the identification of a phytocannabinoid-like compound in the flowers of a South African medicinal plant (Leonotis leonurus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hunter ◽  
M. Stander ◽  
J. Kossmann ◽  
S. Chakraborty ◽  
S. Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Psychoactive Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Leonotis Leonurus

Abstract Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br. is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds. Results Flower extracts were separated and analyzed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). A single pCB candidate was isolated from HPTLC plates and, using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), we could successfully group this compound as a fatty amide and tentatively identified as 7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoylethanolamine (adrenoyl-EA), a known bioactive compound.

scholarly journals Toward the identification of a phytocannabinoid-like compound in the flowers of a South African medicinal plant (Leonotis leonurus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Hunter ◽  
Marietjie Stander ◽  
Jens Kossmann ◽  
Suparna Chakraborty ◽  
Sharon Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Psychoactive Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Leonotis Leonurus

Abstract ObjectiveCurrent global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied.Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br. is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds.ResultsFlower extracts were separated and analyzed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). A single pCB candidate was isolated from HPTLC plates and, using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we could successfully group this compound as a fatty amide and tentatively identified as 7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoylethanolamine (adrenoyl-EA), a known bioactive compound.

scholarly journals The identification of a cannabinoid-like compound (adrenoyl-EA), in the flowers of a South African medicinal plant (Leonotis leonurus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Hunter ◽  
Marietjie Stander ◽  
Jens Kossmann ◽  
Suparna Chakraborty ◽  
Sharon Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Psychoactive Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Leonotis Leonurus

Abstract Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br. is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds.Results Flower extracts were separated and analyzed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). A single pCB candidate was isolated from HPTLC plates and, using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), identified as 7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoylethanolamine (adrenoyl-EA). Adrenoyl-EA is a known bioactive pCB-like compound reported to occur in only one other plant species, Tropaeolum tuberosum.

scholarly journals Optimization of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid Production Using High Pressure Processing (HPP) by Lactobacillus brevis PML1

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Atefe Ghafurian Nasab ◽  
Sayed Ali Mortazavi ◽  
Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi ◽  
Mahboobe Sarabi Jamab
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

In the present research, the production potential of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) using Lactobacillus brevis PML1 was investigated. In addition, the microorganism viability was examined in MAN, ROGOSA, and SHARPE (MRS) after undergoing high hydrostatic pressure at 100, 200, and 300 MPa for 5, 10, and 15 min. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the production conditions of GABA as well as the bacteria viability. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that both the independent variables (pressure and time) significantly influenced the dependent ones (GABA and bacteria viability) ( P < 0.05 ). The optimum extraction conditions to maximize the production of GABA included the pressure of 300 MPa and the time of 15 min. The amount of the compound was quantified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometry. For the process optimization, a central composite design (CCD) was created using Design Expert with 5 replications at the center point, whereby the highest content of GABA was obtained to be 397.73 ppm which was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to observe the morphological changes in the microorganism. The results revealed that not only did have Lactobacillus brevis PML1 the potential for the production of GABA under conventional conditions (control sample) but also the content of this bioactive compound could be elevated by optimizing the production parameters.

Degradation of Graphite/Polymer Composites in Seawater

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Natural Seawater ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Graphite Fibers ◽  
Marine Engineering ◽  
History Of Use

Glass-reinforced plastics have a substantial history of use in seawater. With the advent of high-performance graphite fibers offering greater stiffness than glass, some marine engineering applications may be implemented where glass was unsuitable. However, the nobility of graphite in the galvanic series makes it an extremley efficient cathode when copuled with metals in seawater. Degradation of the cathodic composite material is an unexpected result of the corrosion chemistry in natural seawater. Deep submergence of composite materials introduces another potential degradative mechaism in seawater due to an increased moisture uptake by damage-dependent mechanisms. Other environmental exposure to sunlight, deep submergence and cyclic thermal changes which show potential for degradation of composites are discussed.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Phytochemical Evaluation of Active Compound Coumarin from Oldenlandia corymbosa (Linn)

2021 ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Sonja Jose ◽  
B. Jayakar
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Iridoid Glucosides ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Medicinal plants have served through ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of a variety of diseases. Plants are known to provide cures for various human illnesses and are a rich source of phyto constituents having diversified pharmacological properties. Oldenlandia corymbosa (L.) (syn. Hedyotis corymbosa Lam., Thai name Ya-Lin-Ngu), a member of the family Rubiaceae, is widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia. The decoction of whole plants is used in traditional medicine for antipyretic purposes to decrease body temperature. Pharmacologically, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties of plant extracts have been reported. This plant is well known to contain mainly iridoid glucosides. The whole plant contains reducing sugars, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides and alkaloids. The present aim of the study is to extraction and isolation of bioactive compound from Oldenlandia corymbosa (L.). The isolation and characterization analysis included, Thin Layer Chromatography, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, GC-MS and Spectroscopy studies (IR, NMR, and MASS). The presences of coumarin in the methanolic fraction revealed that the isolated constituent is most active compound. Isolation of bioactive compound coumarin may help in identification of various pharmacological activities and carrying out further research in Oldenlandia corymbosa  (L.).

scholarly journals Compounds from Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham. Inhibit Microbes that Impair Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Lalitha Vaidyanathan ◽  
T. Sivaswamy Lokeswari
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Microtiter Assay ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

Aims: To identify the antimicrobial potency of the leaf fractions of Vernonia arborea against selected wound microbes viz., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Background: Wound healing is often delayed due to the presence of polymicrobial load, that have to be abolished to facilitate the healing process. A major class of antimicrobial phytocompound reported to occur in Vernonia arborea species include sesquiterpenes. Reports on the wound healing potency of V. arborea in wound models of Wistar rats however did not report antimicrobial activity of the aqueous or methanolic extracts. Methodology: The column fractions of the hexane leaf extract were tested against the selected strains by agar well diffusion assay and the zone of inhibition confirmed with TLC bioautography at specific Rf. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bioactive fractions was identified using resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined. HPTLC quantification was also performed. Results: Out of the 30 pooled fractions, six showed antimicrobial potency against all the five tested wound microbes. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these fractions were determined, ranging from 15.62 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL for the different microbes. Quantitative High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) revealed two compounds (a and b) in the bioactive fraction10 with yields of 633 mg (63%) and 97 mg (9.7%) per gram of the extract. Conclusion: The findings suggest the potential use of the bioactive compound in chronic infectious wound management therapy.

Material state changes as a basis for prognosis in aeronautical structures

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (1150) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Reifsnider ◽  
P. Fazzino ◽  
P. K. Majumdar ◽  
L. Xing
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Material State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Small Set ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Abstract The long-term performance of aeronautical structures is typically discussed in terms of concepts such as structural integrity, durability, damage tolerance, fracture toughness, etc. These familiar concepts are usually addressed by considering balance equations, crack growth relationships, and constitutive equations with constant material properties, and constant or cyclically applied load conditions. Loading histories are represented by changing stress (or strain) states, only. But for many situations, especially associated with high performance aircraft, the local state of the material may also change during service, so that the properties used in those equations are functions of time and history of applied conditions. For example, local values of stiffness, strength, and conductivity are altered by material degradation to create ‘property fields’ that replace the global constants, and introduce time and history into the governing equations. The present paper will examine a small set of such problems and offer a construct for using related solutions to estimate future performance based on history of use and current material state, a concept typically called prognosis.

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