scholarly journals Effect of the uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1) genes on treatment efficacy and survival in patients with multiple myeloma: a single-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Demir ◽  
Sacide Pehlivan ◽  
Vahap Okan ◽  
Handan Haydaroglu Sahin ◽  
Salih Sertaç Durusoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 2 ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nuclear Receptor Subfamily

Abstract Objective Studies on the genetic background of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have been increasing; two important factors considered in such works are uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1). We aim to reveal the association of MM with NR3C1 and UCP-2 gene polymorphisms. In this prospective study, 200 patients diagnosed between January 2009 and 2018 and 200 healthy individuals were included. For patients who had undergone autologous stem cell transplantation and control subjects, we statistically compared the CC, GC, and GG genotypes and the C and G alleles of the NR3C1 gene, as well as the AA, AG, and GG genotypes and the A and G alleles of the UCP-2 gene. Results While the AA genotype was significantly more common in the MM group (p = 0.001), the GG genotype was significantly more common in the control group (p = 0.016). Overall survival was found to be significantly shorter in patients with the UCP-2 GG genotype (p = 0.034). It was also found that having the GG genotype of the UCP-2 gene was a 2.48-fold risk factor for mortality. The fact that overall survival is significantly shorter in MM patients with the UCP-2 GG genotype and its definition as a risk factor for mortality have been put forward for the first time in the literature.

scholarly journals The Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy for Gastric Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482199743
Author(s):  
Ke Chen ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Zheling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
And Control

Background: Treatment options for advanced gastric esophageal cancer are quite limited. Chemotherapy is unavoidable at certain stages, and research on targeted therapies has mostly failed. The advent of immunotherapy has brought hope for the treatment of advanced gastric esophageal cancer. The aim of the study was to analyze the safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and the long-term survival of patients who were diagnosed as gastric esophageal cancer and received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Method: Studies on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy of advanced gastric esophageal cancer published before February 1, 2020 were searched online. The survival (e.g. 6-month overall survival, 12-month overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORR)) and adverse effects of immunotherapy were compared to that of control therapy (physician’s choice of therapy). Results: After screening 185 studies, 4 comparative cohort studies which reported the long-term survival of patients receiving immunotherapy were included. Compared to control group, the 12-month survival (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.12, P < 0.0001) and 18-month survival (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.39 to 2.81, P = 0.0001) were significantly longer in immunotherapy group. The 3-month survival rate (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.36 to 3.06, P = 0.92) and 18-month survival rate (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.98 to 2.12, P = 0.07) were not significantly different between immunotherapy group and control group. The ORR were not significantly different between immunotherapy group and control group (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.65 to 3.66, P = 0.01). Meta-analysis pointed out that in the PD-L1 CPS ≥10 sub group population, the immunotherapy could obviously benefit the patients in tumor response rates (OR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.89 to 7.61, P = 0.0002). Conclusion: For the treatment of advanced gastric esophageal cancer, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy was superior to that of chemotherapy or palliative care.

scholarly journals Perceptions of caregivers on immunization in Ntungamo district, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5729
Author(s):  
Byamukama Topher ◽  
Keraka M. Margaret ◽  
Gitonga Eliphas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions to reduce child mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions of caregivers on immunization in Ntungamo district.Methods: Quasi-experimental study was used with health centres assigned to intervention and control groups. Purposive sampling was used to select the two counties where the study was done. Proportional sampling was done to get study samples from each health facility, while systematic sampling was done to get study participants. A total of 787 children from twelve health facilities provided the study sample. A post intervention evaluation was conducted to determine the effect of these interventions. Association of variables was tested using Mann Whitney U-test and Chi-square.Results: On benefits, most caregivers in the intervention group (85.3%) and in the control group (54.3%) regarded immunization as very highly and moderately beneficial to their children respectively. On risks, most caregivers in the intervention group (85.5%) and control group (43.1%) regarded the risk factor associated with immunization as very low and moderate respectively. From hypothesis testing, there was a significant difference on the perceived benefits and risks of immunization between the intervention and control group.Conclusions: Most caregivers in the intervention and control group regarded immunization as very highly beneficial and moderately to their children respectively. Most of the caregivers in the intervention and control group regarded the risk factor associated with immunization as very low and moderate respectively. 

scholarly journals Placental Vascular Obstructive Lesions: Risk Factor for Developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Dix ◽  
Matthias Roth-Kleiner ◽  
Maria-Chiara Osterheld
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe neonatal disease affecting particularly preterm infants. Its exact pathogenesis still remains unknown. In this study, we have compared the prevalence of vascular obstructive lesions in placentae of premature newborns which developed NEC and of a control group. We further compared separately the findings of placentae of infants of less than 30 weeks of gestation, the age group in which NEC occurs most frequently. We found signs of fetal vascular obstructive lesions in 65% of the placentae of preterm patients developing NEC, compared to only 17% of the placentae of preterm patients in the control group. In the age groups below 30 weeks of gestation, 58.5% of placentae of later NEC patients presented such lesions compared to 24.5% in the control group. The significant difference between NEC and control group suggests a strong association between fetal vascular obstructive lesions and NEC. Therefore, we propose that fetal vascular obstructive lesions might be considered as a risk factor for the development of NEC in premature infants.

scholarly journals Pola makan dan hubungannya dengan kejadian stroke di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Perawaty Perawaty ◽  
Pernodjo Dahlan ◽  
Herni Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Case Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
And Control

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Background: According to WHO it is estimated that there are 15 million people having stroke annually. High prevalence of stroke happens at Kalimantan Tengah as indicated from the growing number of outpatients and inpatients of stroke every year. There is a shift in eating pattern at urban areas from traditional eating pattern to western eating pattern that has high composition of calories, protein, fat, sugar and less fibre causing nonproportional nutrient intake. This condition is a risk factor for the prevalence of degenerative diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and other health problems. Efforts for primary prevention against stroke can be made through intervention in unhealthy lifestyle including eating pattern.</p><p>Objectives: To identify association between eating pattern and the prevalence of stroke at dr. Doris Sylvanus Hospital Palangka Raya.</p><p>Methods: The study was analytic observational with case control design. Subject consisted of cases and control at comparison 1:1 matched in age. Cases were stroke inpatients of dr. Doris Sylvanus Hospital and control group consisted of patients of other diseases at the same hospital. The study involved 76 patients taken concecutive. Data comprised of sample identity, waist circumference, eating pattern, hypertension, physical activity and smoking habit. Data of eating pattern were obtained through semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The result of the study was analyzed using chi square and logistic regression.</p><p>Results: The result of the study showed there were 5 variables significantly associated with the prevalence of stroke; ie. more consumption of processed foods (OR 7,53 CI 95% : 1,38 – 41,13), less consumption of fruits (OR 6,98 CI 95%, 1,53-31,80), less consumption of fish (OR 6,36 CI 95% : 1,15 – 34,99), hypertension (OR 10,91 CI 95%, 2,43–49,03) and less physical activities (OR 8,36 CI 95%, 1,72-40,56) while the frequency of fast foods, alcohol consumption, obesity and smoking are not statistically significant (p &gt; 0.05).</p><p>Conclusions: The presence of hypertension, less physical activity, more consumption of processes foods, less consumption of fruits and less consumption of fish a risk factor for the dominant influence on the incidence of stroke.</p><p>KEYWORDS: stroke, eating pattern, case control</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Laporan World Health Organization (WHO), diperkirakan setiap tahun terdapat 15 juta orang di seluruh dunia yang mengalami stroke. Tingginya prevalensi stroke di Kalimantan Tengah dilihat dari penderita rawat inap dan rawat jalan di rumah sakit yang jumlahnya meningkat setiap tahun. Terjadinya pergeseran pola makan di kota-kota besar dari pola makan tradisional ke pola makan barat yang komposisinya terlalu tinggi kalori, banyak protein, lemak, gula tetapi rendah serat menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan asupan zat gizi. Kondisi tersebut merupakan faktor risiko untuk terjadinya penyakit degeneratif seperti hipertensi, jantung koroner dan masalah kesehatan lainnya. Upaya pencegahan tingkat awal atau preventif primer pada stroke dapat dilakukan dengan intervensi pada gaya hidup yang tidak sehat termasuk pola makan.</p><p>Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian stroke di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya.</p><p>Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan rancangan case control. Subjek terdiri dari kasus dan kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:1 yang telah dilakukan matching terhadap umur. Kasus adalah penderita stroke dan kontrol adalah penderita penyakit lainnya yang menjalani<br />rawat inap di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Jumlah subjek adalah 76 orang yang ditentukan dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu identitas sampel, lingkar pinggang, pola makan, hipertensi, aktifitas fisik dan merokok. Data pola makan dikumpulkan dengan formulir semi quantitatif food frequency. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Chi square dan regresi logistik.</p><p>Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stroke yaitu lebih konsumsi makanan olahan (OR 7,53 CI 95% : 1,38 – 41,13), kurang konsumsi buah (OR 6,98 CI 95% : 1,53 – 31,80), kurang konsumsi ikan (OR 6,36 CI 95% : 1,15 – 34,99),hipertensi (OR<br />10,91 CI 95% : 2,43 – 49,03) dan kurang aktivitas fisik (OR 8,36 CI 95% : 1,72 – 40,56), sedangkan frekuensi konsumsi fast food, konsumsi sayuran berwarna, konsumsi alkohol, obesitas, dan merokok tidak signifikan secara statistik (p &gt; 0,05).</p><p><br />Kesimpulan: Adanya hipertensi, kurang aktivitas fisik, lebih konsumsi makanan olahan, kurang konsumsi buah dan kurang konsumsi ikan merupakan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian stroke.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: stroke, pola makan, case control</p>

scholarly journals Is there a correlation between GAD2 gene-243 A>G polymorphism and obesity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Camelia Alkhzouz ◽  
Diana Miclea ◽  
Marius Farcas ◽  
Simona Bucerzan ◽  
Georgiana Cabau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Transcriptional Effect ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: GAD2 gene encodes the glutamate decarboxylase enzyme which catalyses the transformation of glutamate into γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA. It is suggested that some polymorphic alleles of GAD2 gene, such as -243A>G, have an increased transcriptional effect compared with the wild type, which results in an increase of GABA in the hypothalamus with the subsequent increase of the neuropeptide Y, thus exacerbating the hunger centre and the appetite. The aim of this study was to observe an association between the -243A>G polymorphism with obesity, comparatively studying a group of obese patients and a group of patients with normal weight. Patients and method: 127 patients were clinically evaluated in the Genetic and Endocrine Department of Children’s Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj. The patients were included in two study groups, case group, with obesity (BMI higher than 97 kg/m2) and control group, with normal weight (BMI less than 97 kg/m2). Genotyping for GAD2-243A>G polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP technique, the two groups being compared regarding the genotypes and phenotypes. Results and conclusions: In the obesity group, there is a statistically significant difference in BMI (kg/m2) between the subgroups with different genotypes (p=0.01), the AA genotype being less severely affected than AG and GG genotypes. In the normal weight group there is no association between BMI and different genotypes (AA, AG or GG). Also, there is a greater distribution of GG genotypes and G allele in the obesity group compared with the control group, with an odds ratio which suggest that -243A>G polymorphism is a risk factor in obesity development (GG genotype OR=3.76, G allele OR=1.73, p=0.04). The finding of our study is important in explaining the multifactorial model of obesity, our research demonstrating that the GAD2-243 A> G variant could be a risk factor that added to other obesogenic factors would potentiate their effect.

scholarly journals High plasma H2O2 level and low plasma catalase level as risk factors for acne vulgaris

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna ◽  
Made Wardhana ◽  
Made Kusuma Dewi Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
H2o2 Level ◽  
And Control

Background: In this recent time, ROS and oxidative stress have been said to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflamed acne lesions. One example of ROS produced by neutrophil through phagocytosis is H2O2. Nevertheless, there is an enzymatic antioxidant which catalyses H2O2 called catalase. Imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants due to excessive ROS formation promotes the state of oxidative stress and inflammation of the acne lesion.Objective: This study aimed to determine plasma H2O2 and catalase level as a risk factor for acne.Methods: This matched-pair case-control observational analytic study involving 38 patients with acne and 38 patients without acne. Sampling was done using consecutive sampling which fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria and followed by matching with age and gender. H2O2 and catalase level measured on both groups. The analysis was done using SPSS.Results: H2O2 mean level in the case and control group, respectively 0.68 ± 0.03 and 0.42 ± 0.04 µmol/ml. High H2O2 level was determined from cut-off point >0.62 µmol/ml. High H2O2 was a statistically significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 4.59-40.62; OR: 13.67). The mean level of catalase in the case and control group respectively 0.48 ± 0.06 and 0.74 ± 0.07 U/ml. Low catalase level was determined from the cut-off point <0.58 U/ml. Catalase was significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 5.18-77.21; OR: 20.00).Conclusion: High levels of H2O2 plasma and low levels of catalase plasma is a risk factor of acne vulgaris.

MMP-3-1612 polymorphism - a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis formation

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
La-Mei Yu ◽  
Nai-Xuan Li ◽  
Yu-Guo Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Background: We investigated the association of the 5A/6A polymorphism in the promoter region at -1612 of the matrix metalloproteinase-3 gene (MMP-3-1612) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Patients, materials and methods: The distribution of the MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) polymorphism in the case and control groups was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum MMP-3 level of two groups was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HepG2 cells containing MMP-3-1612 recombinant plasmid were cultured in vitro and the MMP-3 level was defined by luminescence intensity of luciferase. A DVT rat model was built. Serum MMP-3 level in the rats’ wounded vein at different time points was detected by ELISA and recorded for investigation of the association between MMP-3 and DVT. Statistical data analysis was conducted with SPSS18.0. Results: On the basis of the observation of MMP-3-1612 genotype frequency and allele frequency in the case and control groups, we identified significantly higher MMP-3-1612 5A allele frequency and higher serum MMP-3 level in the case group than in the control group (both P < 0.05). According to in vitro luciferase measurements, the 5A allele had higher transcriptional activity than the 6A allele. As observed in the rat model, serum MMP-3 level increased with time passing and thrombosis formation after modelling. Conclusions: The MMP-3-1612 5A/6A polymorphism may effect serum MMP-3 level and over-expression of serum MMP-3 level may be a risk factor for DVT formation.

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