scholarly journals Evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of methanolic extract of Commelina diffusa Burm. in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Sultana ◽  
Md. Abdul Mannan ◽  
Tajnin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity

scholarly journals Central nervous system depressant activity of fractions of Globimetula braunii Engl. (Loranthaceae) growing on Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae) and isolation of lupeol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-206
Author(s):  
Suleiman Danladi ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Sule ◽  
Musa Aliyu Muhammad ◽  
Abdullahi Hamza Yaro
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity

Globimetula braunii is a parasitic plant belonging to the family Loranthaceae. Traditionally, the plant has been reported to be used in the treatment of insomnia. The study was carried out to investigate the central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of the fractions of Globimetula braunii growing on Terminalia catappa and to isolate the phytochemical compound(s) present in the most active fraction. The CNS depressant activity of all the fractions was investigated using diazepam induced sleep. The most active fraction was further subjected to the hole board test and beam walk assay. The chromatographic technique was used for the isolation of phytochemical compound. Hexane fraction significantly (p<0.05) reduced latency to sleep and prolonged the sleeping time. Both chloroform and ethylacetate fractions at highest and median doses showed significant increase in the duration of sleep compared to normal saline. The n-butanol fraction at all doses tested do not have any effect on time of onset and duration of sleep when compared with normal saline treated group. Hexane fraction significantly (p<0.05) decreased the number of head dip in a dose dependent manner and delayed the time to reach the goal box compared to normal saline treated group. Lupeol was isolated from n-hexane fraction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of central nervous system depressant activity of Cleome rutidosperma

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Anindya Bose ◽  
Anuradha Khuntia ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Gupta ◽  
Sudam Si
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Cleome Rutidosperma

The central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of the ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and its fractions (200 mg/kg each) of the aerial parts of Cleome rutidosperma was investigated in various models. The tested extract and its fractions showed significant (P&lt;0.01) anxiolytic, anticonvulsant activity (in treating petit mal epilepsy) without any unwanted sedation effect. These findings justify the traditional use of this plant in CNS disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of central nervous system depressant activity of methanolic and petroleum ether extract of Manilkara zapota leaves (in vivo)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Manirujjaman ◽  
Trudi Collet
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity

<p>The purpose of this study was to examine the central nervous system (CNS) -depressant activity of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of leaves obtained from <em>Manilkara zapota </em>(Sapotaceae) <em>in vivo</em>. CNS-depressant action was evaluated by observing the effects of plant extracts on both exploratory and spontaneous locomotor activity in mice using open field and hole cross tests respectively. The extracts were found to exhibit CNS-depressant activity in a dose-dependent manner. In the open field test, both the methanolic and petroleum ether extracts reduced the exploratory behavior of mice significantly (p&lt;0.05). Although the extracts reduced locomotor activity in the hole cross test, the results were found to be insignificant. Overall, these findings indicate that both types of extracts derived from <em>M. zapota</em> leaves possess CNS-depressant activity.</p>

scholarly journals Pharmacological investigations of Litsea lancifolia (Roxb.) Hook. F.

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan Bulbul ◽  
Mohammad Rashedul Haque ◽  
Mohammad Abdur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Acid Potential ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Soluble Fractions

The petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Litsea lancifolia Roxb. leaves were subjected to different pharmacological screenings to explore its potential as anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, peripheral analgesic, hypoglycemic and CNS depressing agent. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed highest total phenolic content and free radical scavenging activity compared to the standard, acetyl salicylic acid. Potential antimicrobial activity was shown against P. aeruginosa (23.50 mm), E. coli (22.33 mm), B. cereus (18 mm) and S. paratyphi (18 mm). The crude extract demonstrated significant peripheral analgesic (p < 0.01) activity with 69.45 and 77.96% inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing at 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The crude methanolic extract also showed significant hypoglycemic activity (p < 0.01) at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day on the 7th day of treatment. All the organic soluble fractions exhibited noteworthy (p < 0.001) CNS depressant activity. Taken together, the plant can be considered as a good material for further chemical investigation to isolate the bioactive constituents.

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Depressant Drugs: Updated Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alkattan ◽  
Eman Alsalameen ◽  
Amr Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Molecular Pharmacology ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Cns Depressant

Objectives: The mechanism of action of drugs that depress the central nervous system (CNS) was unknown until molecular pharmacology discovered each drug's exact role. The benefit of knowing the mechanism of action is to design a new drug that could have the same efficacy as the prototype drug but with fewer side effects. Some of the available CNS depressant drugs that were abused or illegally used could be modified to make them used medically. Methods: We reviewed various published articles in PubMed and Google Scholar that focused on CNS depressants' molecular pharmacology.Results: It was clear that at specific plasma concentrations of ethyl alcohol showed almost same mode of action of propofol by targeting the extrasynaptic GABA-A receptors, which causes tonic GABAergic inhibition. Besides, the High affinity of some benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam) to &alpha;1 subunit of GABA-A receptor causes sedative, hypnotic, amnesic, and some antiepileptic effects; however, some other benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam) have high affinity to &alpha;3 subunits, which causes anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and strong antiepileptic effects. The CB1 receptor partial agonism effect of tetrahydrocannabinol has a sedative advantage over full agonism due to desensitization of CB1 receptors. Conclusion: From the molecular pharmacology prospect, it is possible to design new drugs with more specific CNS depressants effect and fewer side effects by targeting particular receptors with a precise reaction.

Ethnopharmacological investigation of the aerial part of Phragmites karka (Poaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiz Ahmed Sultan ◽  
Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir ◽  
Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Mohi Uddin ◽  
Zobaer Al Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Phragmites Karka ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity

AbstractBackground:In this ethnopharmacological study, methanolic extract of the aerial plant parts ofMethods:The cold methanolic extract of the aerial plant parts ofResults:In the mice model, the MEPK, PEFMEPK, and CTFMEPK fractions showed significant peripheral analgesic activity at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight with percentage of inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing 77.67 (p<0.001), 33.50 (p<0.001), and 40.29 (p<0.001), respectively, compared to the standard dichlofenac (60.68%, p<0.001) group. The hypoglycemic properties of MEPK, PEFMEPK, and CTFMEPK extracts were evaluated in normoglycemic mice where the reduction of blood glucose level after 30 min of glucose load were 69.85%, 78.91%, and 72.73%, respectively, and for standard glibenclamide, the reduction was 72.85%. All results were significant (p<0.05). In the case of the CNS depressant activity by phenobarbitone-induced sleeping time test, the crude ME significantly reduced sleep latency by 57.14% and increased the duration of sleep by 63.29% compared to the control, which were comparable to that of standard diazepam (65.71% and 77.62%, respectively). Among all the extract and fractions, methanolic extract showed the maximum antidiarrheal effect. The methanolic extract at 200 mg/kg dose induced a significant decrease in the total number of defecation in 4 h (69.05% of inhibition, p<0.001) and at 400 mg/kg dose showed 76.19% of inhibition (p<0.001).Conclusions:In light of the available literature, these findings represent the first experimental investigation of biological activities of

scholarly journals Anti-diarrhoeal and CNS Depressant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Saccharum spontaneum Linn.

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mynol Islam Vhuiyan ◽  
Israt Jahan Biva ◽  
Moni Rani Saha ◽  
Muhammad Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Saccharum Spontaneum ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Saccharum spontaneum Linn. (Family- Gramineae) revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugar, tannins and saponins. The antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was assessed on experimental animal and a dose dependent decrease in the total number of faecal dropping was obsereved in castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice. The plant extract was also assessed for effect on the central nervous system (CNS) using a number of neuropharmacological experimental models in mice. The extract produced a dosedependent reduction of the onset and duration of pentobarbitone-induced hypnosis, reduction of locomotor and exploratory activities in the open field and hole cross tests. These results suggest that the extract possesses antidiarrhoeal and CNS depressant activity. Key Words: Saccharum spontaneum, Castor oil, Loperamide, Pentobarbitone.     doi:10.3329/sjps.v1i1.1810 S. J. Pharm. Sci. 1(1&2): 63-68

scholarly journals A Review on Melocanna Baccifera

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Uma Namasudra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity

Young edible bamboo shoot (Muia in Kokborok-the third Official Language of Tripura, India) of Melocanna baccifera is widely used as a raw food ingredient of different dishes of Tribal of Tripura. Methanolic extract of Melocanna baccifera (MEMB) revealed the presence of different bioactive constituents like alkaloids, fixed oil, flavonoids, triterpinoids, glycosides carbohydrate, protein, and minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, phosphate. Few pharmacological actions such as analgesic activity, antidiabetic activity and hepatoprotective activity along with antimicrobial activity also exhibited by methanolic extract of Melocanna baccifera. The extract also exhibited CNS depressant activity.

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