scholarly journals Plantain based dough meal: nutritional property, antioxidant activity and dyslipidemia ameliorating potential in high-fat induced rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timilehin David Oluwajuyitan ◽  
Oluwole Steve Ijarotimi ◽  
Tayo Nathaniel Fagbemi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Property ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Flour Blends

Abstracts Background Dyslipidemia is an aberrant rise in blood lipids due to diet and lifestyle. It has implicated as the major risk factor for developing hypertension among other diseases. This study was designed to evaluate plantain based dough meal nutritional property, antioxidant activity and dyslipidemia ameliorating potential in high-fat induced rats. Methods The flour blends, i.e., PSC (Plantain 70%, Soycake 30%), PSR (Plantain 65%, Soycake 30%, Rice-bran 5%), PSO (Plantain 65%, Soycake 30%, Oat-bran 5%), PSRO (Plantain 60%, Soycake 30%, Rice-bran 5%, Oat-bran 5%) and controls (100% Plantain flour & Cerolina) were evaluated for chemical, antioxidants and antihyperlipidemia. Results Protein, fiber and energy composition varied from 2.2–4.97 g/100 g, 16.44–19.59 g/100 g and 369.7–385.5 kcal/100 g, respectively. Essential amino acid index and predicted-biological values of the foods ranged from 68.31–76.31% and 62.19–71.48%, respectively. Phenolic profiles (mg/g) were gallic acid (25.33–31.26), caffeic acid (2.75–4.61), ferulic acid (5.16–12.73), luteolin (16.31–23.60), kaempferol (21.51–30.64), quercetin (24.28–37.13), chlorogenic acid (42.25–59.78), myricetin (28.41–38.41), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (27.17–41.59) and 4, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (39.96–51.28). The antioxidant activity of PSRO on ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, Fe2+ chelation and OH free radicals was higher than other foods. Atherogenic index, coronary risk index and log (TG/HDL-conc.) of rats fed on experimental foods were lower than recommended values. Conclusion The study established that PSRO had higher antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemia properties; hence, it may be suitable as a functional food.

Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Black Rice Bran of Different Commercially Available Varieties

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (13) ◽  
pp. 7580-7587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wei Zhang ◽  
Rui Feng Zhang ◽  
Fang Xuan Zhang ◽  
Rui Hai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Black Rice Bran

scholarly journals Emodin, a Naturally Occurring Anthraquinone Derivative, Ameliorates Dyslipidemia by Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thing-Fong Tzeng ◽  
Hung-Jen Lu ◽  
Shorong-Shii Liou ◽  
Chia Ju Chang ◽  
I-Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

The aim of this study was to investigate the antiobesity and antihyperlipidaemic effects of emodin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats, and on the regulation of the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism to elucidate the mechanisms. After being fed HFD for two weeks, Wistar rats were dosed orally with emodin (40 and 80 mg kg−1) or pioglitazone (20 mg kg−1), once daily for eight weeks. Emodin (80 mg kg−1per day) displayed similar characteristics to pioglitazone (20 mg kg−1per day) in reducing body weight gain, plasma lipid levels as well as coronary artery risk index and atherogenic index of HFD-fed rats. Emodin also caused dose related reductions in the hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents and lowered hepatic lipid droplets accumulation in HFD-fed rats. Emodin and pioglitazone enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its primary downstream targeting enzyme, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, up-regulated gene expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1, and down-regulated sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase protein levels in hepatocytes of HFD-fed rats. Our findings suggest emodin could attenuate lipid accumulation by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing mitochondrial fatty acidβ-oxidation mediated by activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Effect of calafate (Berberis microphylla) supplementation on lipid profile in rats with diet-induced obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Carla Guzmán ◽  
Raúl Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Freeze Dried

Background: Polyphenols represent a group of bioactive compounds of interest for their efficacy in the prevention and treatment of some diseases of a cardiovascular nature. Calafate (Berberis microphylla) is a native Chilean fruit, promising due to its high number of phenolic compounds, with predominance of anthocyanins delphinidin-3-hexoside and petunidin-3-hexoside.  Methods: Sprague Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were supplemented with 350 mg/kg of freeze-dried calafate for 10 weeks. Dietary variables, plasma glucose, lipid profile, as well as atherogenic and cardiovascular risk indexes were measured.  Results: Animals receiving calafate with their HFD diet compared to the HFD control was not associated with significant modifications in dietary variables or in total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. However, due to the modest elevation of high-density lipoproteins, the Atherogenic Index and the Cardiovascular Risk Index were significantly decreased.  Conclusion: Based on these results, the calafate could have an antithrombotic function, favoring cardiovascular health. Keywords: High-fat diet, polyphenols, calafate berry, HDL-cholesterol, Atherogenic Index

scholarly journals Phenolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activity and Phenotypic Characterization of Lonicera caerulea L. Berries, Cultivated in Lithuania

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Lina Raudonė ◽  
Mindaugas Liaudanskas ◽  
Gabrielė Vilkickytė ◽  
Darius Kviklys ◽  
Vaidotas Žvikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Evaluation Scores ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles ◽  
Quantitative Profiling

Lonicera caerulea L. is an early fruit-bearing plant that originates from harsh environments. Raw materials contain a body of different phenolic origin compounds that determine the multidirectional antioxidant and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities, vegetative, pomological, and sensory properties and their interrelations of selected L. caerulea cultivars, namely ‘Amphora’, ‘Wojtek’, ‘Iga’, ’Leningradskij Velikan’, ‘Nimfa’, ‘Indigo Gem’, ‘Tundra’, ‘Tola’, and fruit powders. Combined chromatographic systems were applied for the qualitative and quantitative profiling of 23 constituents belonging to the classes of anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. The determined markers of phytochemical profiles were cyanidin-3-glucoside, rutin, chlorogenic, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Anthocyanins and the predominant compound, cyanidin-3-glucoside, were the determinants of antioxidant activity. Cultivars ‘Amphora’, ‘Indigo Gem’, and ‘Tundra’ contained the greatest total amounts of identified phenolic compounds. Phenotypic characterization revealed the superiority of cultivars ‘Wojtek’ and ’Tundra’ compared to other cultivars, although ’Wojtek’ had low phenolic content and antioxidant activity and ’Tundra’ got lower sensory evaluation scores. Coupling the results of phenotypic and phytochemical characterization, cultivar ‘Tundra’ could be suitable for commercial plantations.

The role of rice bran extract on acetyl CoA carboxylase in liver of rats fed a high-fat diet

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Charkhonpunya ◽  
S Sireeratawong ◽  
S Komindr ◽  
N Lerdvuthisopon
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Rice Bran Extract

The comparative effect of rice bran extract on rats fed a high-fat diet for 4 versus 16 weeks

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Munkong ◽  
S Sireeratawong ◽  
A Wongnoppavich ◽  
N Lerdvuthisopon
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Rice Bran Extract

Immobilization of Oat Bran Polyphenols in Complex Coacervates of Whey Protein and Malthodextrin

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Damir Zyaitdinov ◽  
Alexandr Ewteew ◽  
Anna Bannikova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Kinetics Of

Introduction. Bioactive compounds are a very popular topic of modern food science, especially when it concerns obtaining polyphenols from cereals. The antiradical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of these ingredients allow them to inhibit and prevent coronary, artery, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as several types of cancer. Encapsulation is an effective technology that protects bioactive ingredients during processing and storage. In addition, it also prevents any possible interaction with other food constituents. The research objective was to obtain effective tools of controlled delivery of bioactive compounds. The study featured whey protein as a wall material in combination with maltodextrin to encapsulate the bioactives from oat bran. Study objects and methods. The processed material was oat bran. The technology of its biotransformation was based on ultrasound processing and enzymatic hydrolysis. The antioxidant properties were determined using a coulometer of Expert – 006-antioxidants type (Econix-Expert LLC, Moscow, Russia). Separation and quantitative determination of extract were followed using a Stayer HPLC device (Akvilon, Russia) and a system column Phenomenex Luna 5u C18(2) (250×4.6 mm). The total phenolic content was measured by a modified Folin-Ciocalteu method. To prepare microcapsules, whey protein concentrate (WPC) and maltodextrin (MD) solutions were mixed at ratios 6:4, 4:6, and 5:5. After that, the mixes were treated by ultrasonication and 10% w/w of guar gum solution as double wall material. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) was determined as a ratio of encapsulated phenolic content to total phenolic content. A digestion protocol that simulates conditions of the human gastric and intestinal tract was adapted to investigate the release kinetics of the extracts. Results and discussion. Ferulic acid is the main antioxidant in cereals. Its amount during extraction was consistent with published data: 9.2 mg/mL after ultrasound exposure, 9.0 mg/mL after enzymatic extraction, and 8.6 mg/mL after chemical treatment. The antioxidant activity of the obtained polyphenols was quite high and reached 921 cu/mL. It depended on the concentration of the preparation in the solution and the extraction method. The polyphenols obtained by ultrasonic exposure and enzyme preparations proved to have a more pronounced antioxidant activity. The highest EE (95.28%) was recorded at WPC:MD ratio of 60:40. In vitro enzymatic hydrolysis protocol simulating digestion in the gastrointestinal tract was used to study the effect of capsule structural characteristics on the kinetics of polyphenol release. The percentage of o polyphenols released from capsules ranged from 70% to 83% after two hours of digestion, which confirmed the effectiveness of microencapsulation technology. Conclusion. The research confirmed the possibility of using polyphenols obtained by the biotechnological method from oat bran as functional ingredients. Eventually, they may be used in new functional products with bifidogenic properties. Whey protein can be used to encapsulate polyphenols as the wall material of microcapsules.

Anti-Diabetic Effect of a Flavonoid and Sitosterol - Rich Aqueous Extract ofPleurotus tuberregiumSclerotia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1148-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanacho Mercy Onuekwuzu ◽  
Ikewuchi Catherine Chidinma ◽  
Ikewuchi Jude Chigozie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Atherogenic Indices ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

Objective:Traditionally prepared infusions and decoctions are commonly used in the management of diabetes mellitus, in southern Nigeria; one of such is the aqueous extract of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuberregium (“usu” milk). In this study, the effects of the extract on the body weights, tissue/ organ weights, fasting blood glucose, blood/plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic indices were investigated in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced by the injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight) via the marginal ear vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg to normal and diabetic rabbits; while metformin was administered at 50 mg/kg. The crude extract was analyzed by gas chromatography, coupled to flame ionization detector.Results:Thirty-one known flavonoids were detected, consisting mainly of isoquercetin (28.5%), luteolin (24.3%), quercetin (18.8%) and kaempferol (11.3%). Sitosterol (82.0%) and stigmasterol (12.5%) were the most abundant of the seven phytosterols detected. Compared to the diabetic control, the treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered the weights of the kidney and liver, as well as the levels of blood glucose and triglyceride, plasma VLDL, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli’s risk index II. It, however, significantly (p<0.05) increased plasma HDL cholesterol, without significantly affecting blood total cholesterol levels.Conclusion:This study showed that the extract was hypoglycemic, and improved lipid profile and atherogenic indices, thus highlighting its cardioprotective potential, thereby supporting its use in the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Quantification of Major Bioactive Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Effects of Whole Coffee Cherries (Coffea arabica) and Their Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4306
Author(s):  
Boris Nemzer ◽  
Diganta Kalita ◽  
Nebiyu Abshiru
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acids ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Control Of Diabetes

Coffee cherry is a rich source of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and caffeine. In this study we examined the potential antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory effects of whole coffee cherries (WCC) and their two extracts on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, which are targets for the control of diabetes and Alzheimer’s diseases. Whole coffee cherry extract 40% (WCCE1) is rich in chlorogenic acid compounds, consisting of a minimum of 40% major isomers, namely 3-caffeoylquinic acids, 4-caffeoylquinic acids, 5-caffeoylquinic acids, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4-feruloylquinc acid, and 5-feruloylquinc acid. Whole coffee cherry extract 70% (WCCE2) is rich in caffeine, with a minimum of 70%. WCCE1 inhibited the activities of digestive enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and WCCE2 inhibited acetylcholinesterase activities with their IC50 values of 1.74, 2.42, and 0.09 mg/mL, respectively. Multiple antioxidant assays—including DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC, HORAC, NORAC, and SORAC—demonstrated that WCCE1 has strong antioxidant activity.

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