scholarly journals Biogenic nanoparticles: a comprehensive perspective in synthesis, characterization, application and its challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Patil ◽  
Rajkuberan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticle ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles

Abstract Background Translating the conventional scientific concepts into a new robust invention is a much needed one at a present scenario to develop some novel materials with intriguing properties. Particles in nanoscale exhibit superior activity than their bulk counterpart. This unique feature is intensively utilized in physical, chemical, and biological sectors. Each metal is holding unique optical properties that can be utilized to synthesize metallic nanoparticles. At present, versatile nanoparticles were synthesized through chemical and biological methods. Main body of abstract Metallic nanoparticles pose numerous scientific merits and have promising industrial applications. But concerning the pros and cons of metallic nanoparticle synthesis methods, researchers elevate to drive the synthesis process of nanoparticles through the utilization of plant resources as a substitute for use of chemicals and reagents under the theme of green chemistry. These synthesized nanoparticles exhibit superior antimicrobial, anticancer, larvicidal, leishmaniasis, wound healing, antioxidant, and as a sensor. Therefore, the utilization of such conceptualized nanoparticles in treating infectious and environmental applications is a warranted one. Conclusion Green chemistry is a keen prudence method, in which bioresources is used as a template for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, in this review, we exclusively update the context of plant-based metallic nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and applications in detailed coverage. Hopefully, our review will be modernizing the recent trends going on in metallic nanoparticles synthesis for the blooming research fraternities. Graphical abstract

Metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis by Green Chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4287-4294
Author(s):  
Anikate Sood ◽  
Shweta Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticle ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Gold Silver

Nanotechnology is the most sought field in biomedical research. Metallic nanoparticles have wide applications in the medical field and have gained the attention of various researchers for advanced research for their application in pharmaceutical field. A variety of metallic nanoparticles like gold, silver, platinum, palladium, copper and zinc have been developed so far. There are different methods to synthesize metallic nanoparticles like chemical, physical, and green synthesis methods. Chemical and physical approaches suffer from certain drawbacks whereas green synthesis is emerging as a nontoxic and eco-friendly approach in production of metallic nanoparticles. Green synthesis is further divided into different approaches like synthesis via bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants. These approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this article, we have described various metallic nanoparticles, different modes of green synthesis and brief description about different metabolites present in plant that act as reducing agents in green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. 

scholarly journals Green Chemistry Based Benign Routes for Nanoparticle Synthesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parth Malik ◽  
Ravi Shankar ◽  
Vibhuti Malik ◽  
Nitin Sharma ◽  
Tapan Kumar Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Synthesis Routes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scientific Fields

Green chemistry has been an eye catching area of interest since the past few years. With the problem of energy crisis looming high and its constraint being particularly vulnerable on the developing economies, the need for giving alternative traditional chemistry a serious consideration as well as adequate room for development has received significant boost through the coveted efforts of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary scientific fields. Nanoscience has been the right field in this dimension as it opens up the door to multiple opportunities through enabling a number of chemical, biochemical, and biophysical transformations in a significantly easier and reliable manner. The use of nanoparticles has made the fields of catalysis, synthesis, and enzyme immobilizations as well as molecular interactions a lot much easier, rapid and easily controllable. This review article sheds light on the popular alternative synthesis routes being employed for the synthesis of nanoparticles, the pivotal being from microbes, plants, and chemical routes via sonication, microwaving, and many others.

A Review on Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract: An Emerging Green Nanotechnology

2013 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ropisah Mie ◽  
Mohd Wahid Samsudin ◽  
Laily B. Din
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Green Nanotechnology ◽  
New Development ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanomaterials

The development of reliable and eco-friendly metallic nanoparticles needs some consideration on the chemical procedures involved in the synthesis of nanomaterials. The conventional methods in the production of metallic nanoparticles generate a large amount of hazardous byproducts. Thus, there is a need for ‘green chemistry’ that includes a clean, nontoxic and environment-friendly method of nanoparticle synthesis [1]. As an alternative, biological methods are considered safe and ecologically sound for the nanomaterial fabrication [2]. Therefore, in this review special attention is focused on the biosynthesis of nanoparticles from natural resources as compared as ordinary chemical method. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plant is a new development of green nanotechnology beneficial to environmental and to the plant itself. It also plays a significant role in the field of biology and medicine.

scholarly journals Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis Methods and its Effect on Morphology: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4261-4292
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nanocrystalline Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Control Of Parameters ◽  
Biological Methods

Zinc oxide is an important material with numerous applications due to its unique properties. Due to their thermal and chemical stability are used in wide applications such as LEDs, sensors, catalysts, and photodetectors. Different chemical, physical, and biological methods have been adopted to achieve the intended result, as enumerated in many pieces of literature. Therefore, selecting an efficient synthesis process is essential, which is a key factor that significantly influences the efficacy of the synthesized nanocrystalline materials. The chemical synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) via hydrothermal, solvothermal, and sol-gel routes is considered effective as high-quality crystalline structures are produced. Control of parameters of processes yields excellent morphological features of the synthesized samples. This review explored the different parameters of processes and their effect on the morphology of ZnO nanostructures via hydrothermal, solvothermal, and sol-gel techniques. Finally, some ZnO nanocomposites molecules are reviewed as per the dopant used and its effect on the sample compound synthesized.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and applications of chitosan based metallic nanoparticles: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-551
Author(s):  
Devendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Rajdeep Malik ◽  
Jagram Meena ◽  
Rashmi Rameshwari
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticle ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Degree Of Acetylation ◽  
Important Host ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medium Method ◽  
Reaction Degree

Chitosan as a natural biopolymer has been produced to be the important host for the preparation of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) because of its excellent characteristics like:- good stabilizing and capping ability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, eco-friendly and non-toxicity properties. Chitosan can play a very important role for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, as chitosan is a cationic polymer. It attracts metal ions and reduces them and also Capps and stabilizes. So basically chitosan can be responsible for the controlled synthesis of metallic nanoparticle. Chitosan has a very good chelating property. This property is due to its –NH2 and –OH functional groups. Size and shape of metallic nanoparticles are much affected by chitosan concentration, molecular weight, time of reaction, degree of acetylation of chitosan, pH of the medium, method of synthesis and type of derivative of chitosan etc. Metallic nanoparticles`s properties and applications are much associated with their size and shape. Optimization of the metallic nanoparticle size and shape has been the subject of curiosity for nanotechnology scientist. Chitosan can solve this problem by applying the optimization conditions. But a very little work is reported about: - how chitosan can affect the size and shape of metallic nanoparticles and how can it reduce metal salts to prepare metallic nanoparticle, stablilized in chitosan metrics. This is very first report as a review article highlighting the effect of chitosan on synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and optimization conditions. This review will also be beneficial for scientist working on food sensing application of nanoparticles.  Various synthesis methods and applications of chitosan based metallic nanoparticles have also been reported in details.

Study on Critical Micelle Concentration Influence in Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Assisted by Sapindus mukorossi Aqueous Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1345
Author(s):  
Radu Lucian Olteanu ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu ◽  
Marius Bumbac ◽  
Ioana Daniela Dulama ◽  
Rodica Mariana Ion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis

Silver nanoparticles synthesis mediated by plant extracts involves the colloidal stability of generated metallic particles in solutions. Formation of micelles in solutions influences the nanoparticle synthesis process and consequently, the surface plasmonic response (SPR) of the formed silver nanoparticles. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of Sapindus mukorossi aqueous extract has been determined with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, two methods were used: dye micellization method, and correlation of silver nanoparticles SPR with the variation of surfactant concentration. Results obtained for CMC determination by the two methods were highly reproducible and in good correlation indicating that micelles formed by saponins present in the Sapindus mukorossi aqueous extract are useful as effective structure-driving agents to synthesize colloidal metallic nanoparticles, offering them proper growth conditions. Silver nanoparticles synthesis mixtures were studied, with Sapindus mukorossi aqueous extract and silver nitrates as precursors, in acidic and basic media, at room temperature to establish correlations between saponins structure modifications and surface plasmonic response of metallic nanoparticles. Light absorption spectrometric techniques (ultraviolet-visible and infrared), X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the synthesis process.

scholarly journals GREEN SYNTHESIS, GREEN CHEMISTRY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
By Products

Purpose: The chemistry society has activated to expand new chemistry that is less destructive to the environment and human health. This approach has extensive interest and designated as green chemistry, environmentally friendly chemistry, clean chemistry, and atom economy. Methodology: There is advancement toward involved chemistry with the facts and do not prevent the properties of the target compound or the efficacy of particular solvents or reagents. The use of chemistry in a way that maximizes benefits while reducing adverse effects has come to be green chemistry. Main findings: Reduce the use and formation of harmful products or by-products. Presently maximum pollution to the environment is caused by some chemical industries. So, need to design and develop synthetic methods in such a way that the waste products are lowest and have no effect on the environment and their handy disposal. Applications of the work: Green chemistry plays a vital role in pharmaceuticals for developing new drugs which are less toxic, more effective with low side effects. The novelty of the work: The industries performing manufacturing using green synthesis methods to carrying out their productions have positive impacts on environmental sustainability. This review is looking ahead at longer-term challenges and prospects in research, industrial applications, and education.

scholarly journals Polarized Catalytic Polymer Nanofibers

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Lolla ◽  
Ahmed Abutaleb ◽  
Marjan A. Kashfipour ◽  
George G. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Support ◽  
Transmission Electron

Molecular scale modifications were achieved by spontaneous polarization which is favored in enhancements of β-crystallization phase inside polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers (NFs). These improvements were much more effective in nano and submicron fibers compared to fibers with relatively larger diameters. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) supported by nanofibrous membranes opened new vistas in filtration, catalysis, and serving as most reliable resources in numerous other industrial applications. In this research, hydrogenation of phenol was studied as a model to test the effectiveness of polarized PVDF nanofiber support embedded with agglomerated palladium (Pd) metallic nanoparticle diameters ranging from 5–50 nm supported on polymeric PVDF NFs with ~200 nm in cross-sectional diameters. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and other analytical analysis revealed both molecular and surface morphological changes associated with polarization treatment. The results showed that the fibers mats heated to their curie temperature (150 °C) increased the catalytic activity and decreased the selectivity by yielding substantial amounts of undesired product (cyclohexanol) alongside with the desired product (cyclohexanone). Over 95% phenol conversion with excellent cyclohexanone selectivity was obtained less than nine hours of reaction using the polarized PVDF nanofibers as catalytic support structures.

scholarly journals A Review on Green Synthesis, Biomedical Applications, and Toxicity Studies of ZnO NPs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Kalpana ◽  
V. Devi Rajeswari
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Secondary Sources

The advance of reliable and eco-friendly strategies for the development of nanoparticles is a fundamental key to the discipline of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles have been continuously evaluated and have been used in many industrial applications for a decade. In particular, the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has received a great interest because of various properties such as UV filter properties and photochemical, antifungal, high catalyst, and antimicrobial activities. Because of the high rate of poisonous chemicals and the extreme surroundings used within the chemical and physical methods, the green techniques have been adopted using plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, this paper considers various green synthesis methods to provide the evidence of ZnO NP role to several applications, and in addition, biomedical applications and toxic effect were reviewed. Therefore, the paper used various secondary sources to collect the relevant review articles. From the findings, the green route of synthesis is rather safe and eco-friendly when compared to physical and chemical means of synthesis. On the other hand, its biomedical applications in this sector are increased day by day in various processes including bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and gene delivery. With respect to its toxicity properties, ZnO NPs can act as smart weapons against multiple drug-resistant microorganisms and as a talented substitute for antibiotics.

Eco-Friendly Methods of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-328
Author(s):  
Heba M. Fahmy ◽  
Amena S. El-Feky ◽  
Taiseer M. Abd El-Daim ◽  
Merna M. Abd El-Hameed ◽  
Donia A. Gomaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Capping Agents ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
Magnolia Kobus

Background: Owing to the importance of metallic nanoparticles, different researches and studies have been induced to synthesize them in many ways. One of the ways that paid attention last years is the green synthesis methods of nanoparticles or the so-called ''eco-friendly methods''. The most common sources that has been used for green synthesis of nanoparticles are plants, leaves, fungi and microorganisms. The green synthesis methods are widely used because they are inexpensive, usable, and nontoxic. Moreover, plant extracts are rich in reducing and capping agents. Methods: In the present review, green synthesis methods of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) using Chitosan, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Magnolia Kobus, Elettaria cardamomum (Elaichi) aqueous extract and other agents as a reducing/capping agents will be discussed in details. Moreover, we will make a comparison between different green routes of synthesis and the characterization of the obtained nanoparticles from each route. Results: The characterization and applications of the prepared GNPs from different routes are reviewed. Conclusion: The utilization of gold nanoparticles has been advocated because of their high biocomptability, administration in clinical applicability and in diverse aspects of life. It seems that plants are good candidates for nanoparticles production because they are inexpensive, available and renewable sources in addition, it is too simple to prepare extracts from them. Moreover, the great diversity in the types and amounts of reducing agents from plant extracts is responsible for the effortless generation of metallic nanoparticles of various shapes and morphologies.

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