The Mechanism of Personality

1931 ◽  
Vol 77 (319) ◽  
pp. 708-722
Author(s):  
W. Burridge
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Work ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Peculiar Behaviour ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Living Tissues

Our conceptions of how the organs of the body work are primarily derived from experiments done on muscle, the organ from which experimenters have been accustomed over many decades to ascertain the fundamental properties of living tissues; the principles there learnt have then been directly applied to the problems presented by other organs. Such having been, and still being, scientific practice, it follows that, if we find out about the working of muscle something fundamentally different from that hitherto suspected, we not only obtain therefrom new ideas of the working of muscle, but also new principles to apply to our ideas of the working of other organs. It could happen, however, that new knowledge concerning the fundamental working of the organs of the body should actually come from some other organ than muscle. In that case the newly discovered phenomena would not be directly explicable in terms of the fundamental principles derived from muscle. Two courses would then be possible. The discoverer could re-consider his fundamental principles, and thereby be led to reexamine the workings of muscle in the light of the information supplied by the other organ, or he could frame an ad hoc hypothesis concerning the supposed peculiar behaviour of the other organ. The latter has been the usual course followed, though it would not appear that the framing of such hypotheses has been made with full awareness that they really resolve conflict between principles derived from muscle and principles derived from the other organ.

The Verbal-Kinesic Enactment of Contrast in North American English

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hinnell ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
American English ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

In this paper, I explore the linguistic and kinesic expression of contrast—the pitting of one position, object, or idea, against another. The archetype utterance for the embodied expression of contrast in English is the bipartite construction On the one hand . . . . On the other hand . . . . in which hand gestures are often performed sequentially along the sagittal axis (first on one side and then on the other side of the body) to depict the two options. However, English speakers have a variety of other linguistic means available to them for expressing contrast. Using data from naturally occurring discourse, I describe a range of linguistic resources that mark contrast and examine the semiotic relationships at play in the dynamic, multimodal signs (i.e. speech / gesture constructions) that accompany them. I demonstrate that, far from being ad hoc, when analyzed across the propositional, cognitive, and discursive domains, the way in which contrast is marked in the body can be viewed on a continuum of highly imageable to more schematically iconic kinesic movements. By placing the primary focus on the multimodal sign, this paper makes clear how speakers of North American English build semiotic environments around the construal of contrast.

scholarly journals Imaji Pop Surealisme Figur Gendut Dalam Lukisan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Wahyuddin Nafilah Dias Prabu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The People ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Informative Element

Tulisan ini mengangkat figur gendut sebagai ide dasar penciptaan seni lukis dengan menggunakan gaya pop surealisme. Penggabungan antara daya imajinasi tentang figur gendut dengan berbagai permasalahan yang bisa diangkat dari figur merupakan sebuah jalan dalam menciptakan karya-karya yang unik, terkadang satir, serta jenaka. Bentuk-bentuk kartunal yang digunakan dalam membuat figur gendut dan figur-figur lainnya merupakan satu tujuan khusus agar karya yang disampaikan memiliki unsur yang informatif terhadap para apresian. Menjadi gendut bagi setiap manusia yang mengalaminya sebenarnya bukan sebuah keinginan. Melalui berbagai perjalanan masa atau era yang bergulir hingga saat ini, persoalan tentang tubuh telah menuju pada bentuk yang indah dan ideal. Kecantikan dan ketampanan pada saat ini juga diukur pada orang-orang yang memiliki bentuk tubuh yang “normal” dan ramping. Bagi orang-orang yang memiliki kelebihan berat badan, tentunya jika diukur pada hal tersebut sangatlah tidak cocok. Figur gendut saat ini seperti diposisikan pada ruang yang sulit untuk mengeluarkan rasa percaya dirinya dalam menampik tentang apa yang diungkapkan di atas. Faktor kaum kapitalis dalam mendorong hadirnya pemikiran baru untuk hidup sehat tanpa menjadi gendut, juga semakin mengecilkan semangat orang-orang yang bertubuh gendut. Jika dilihat dari segi kesehatan, mungkin gendut terkesan seperti orang yang suka tidur, malas bekerja, dan sebagainya. Gendut berbeda dengan obesitas, karena obesitas merupakan penyakit kelebihan lemak di atas rata-rata yang membuat tubuh tak mampu mencerna makanan dalam berskala besar serta asupan makanan yang dikonsumsinya memiliki kalori yang sangat besar, sedangkan gendut merupakan kelebihan berat badan. Di sisi lain gendut memiliki banyak kelebihan yang berguna dalam memajukan hidupnya dan mewujudkan cita-citanya. The Images of Pop Surealism: Fat Figures on Painting. This paper elevates the fat figures as the basic idea of painting creation by using pop surrealism style. The merging of the imagination of the fat figure with the various problems that can be lifted from the figure is a way to create unique works, sometimes satire, and funny. The cartoonous forms used in making fat figures and other figures are a special purpose for the work being delivered to have an informative element on the apresians. Being overweight for every human being is absolutely not anyone’s desires. Through a variety of era of the rolling period to the present time, a matter of the body shape has led to a beautiful and ideal shape. Nowdays, beauty and good looks are a standard measured for people with "normal" and slim body. For people who are overweight, of course, this standard is not suitable. The current fat figure is positioned in a space where it is difficult to expend his confidence in dismissing what is described above. The capitalist factor encourages the emergence of new ideas for healthy living without becoming fat, also further discourages the people of the fat body. Being viewed in terms of health, the obese people seem like those who like to sleep, lazy to work, and so forth. Fat is different from obesity, because obesity is a disease of excess fat above the average that makes the body is unable to digest food in a large scale and intake of food has a very large calories, while the fat is overweight. On the other hand, fat has many useful advantages in advancing his life and realize his ideals.

scholarly journals The Electric Body

Venezia Arti ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Misler
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Vaslav Nijinsky ◽  
Luigi Galvani ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the discovery and application of electricity and the human body in the 19th and 20th centuries is complex and multifaceted. Used to stimulate nervous and muscular reactions in the fields of medicine and biology or to record the more intimate movements of the body (cf. the electrocardiogram), electricity established the basis of what today we might call the modern electric – or digital – body. Another aspect, hitherto little explored, is that of the relationship between the electric body and the aesthetics of movement in dance. Visionary choreographers – those who anticipated ‘modern dance’ – such as Vaslav Nijinsky realised that the involuntary movements, often spasmodic and out of control, which electric stimuli could incite (Luigi Galvani comes to mind), could also suggest totally new ideas to the dancer. On the other hand, this kind of movement, syncopated, spasmodic and often uncontrollable, also elicited somewhat morbid analogies with mental disease – a field of research as much ambiguous and equivocal as the new European dance itself wherein hysteria mingled with ecstasy and schizophrenia with emancipation from all conventions. The focus of this essay is on Nijinsky’s choreographic concepts vis-à-vis ecstatic or ‘lunatic’ movement, for his, indeed, was a modern ‘electric body’.

High Heels sebagai Agensi bagi Tubuh Wanita

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sunandar Macpal ◽  
Fathianabilla Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Heels ◽  
Experience Pain ◽  
Woman's Body

The aims of this paper is to explain the use of high heels as an agency for a woman's body. Agency context refers to pain in the body but pain is perceived as something positive. In this paper, the method used is a literature review by reviewing writings related to the use of high heels. The findings in this paper that women experience body image disturbance or anxiety because they feel themselves are not beautiful or not attractive. The use of high heels, makes women more attractive and more confident, on the other hand the use of high heels actually makes women feel pain and discomfort. However, for the achievement of beauty standards, women voluntarily allow their bodies to experience pain. However, the agency's willingness to beauty standards here is meaningless without filtering and directly accepted. Instead women keep negotiating with themselves so as to make a decision why use high heels.

EXPRESSION OF SOME IMMUNOLOGIC MARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SUSPECTED LYMPHOID LESIONS OF LYMPHOMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Mao Nguyen Van ◽  
Thao Le Thi Thu
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunologic Markers ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Poor Differentiation ◽  
Benign Tumours

Background: In practice it was difficult or impossible to have a correct diagnosis for the lymphoid proliferation lesions based on only H.E standard histopathology. In addition to histopathology, the application of immunohistochemistry was indispensable for the definitive diagnosis of the malignant or benign tumours and the origin of the tumour cells as well. Objectives: 1. To describe the gross and microscopic features of the suspected lesions of lymphoma; 2. To asses the expression of some immunologic markers for the diagnosis and classification of the suspected lesions of lymphoma. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional research on 81 patients diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphoma, following with immunohistopathology staining of 6 main markers including LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3. Results: The most site was lymph node 58.1% which appeared at cervical region 72.3%, then the stomach 14.9% and small intestine 12.4%. The other sites in the body were met with lower frequency. Histopathologically, the most type of the lesions was atypical hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue suspecting the lymphomas 49.4%, lymphomas 34.5%, the other diagnoses were lower including inflammation, poor differentiation carcinoam not excluding the lymphomas, lymphomas differentiating with poor differentiation carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry showed that, LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3 were all positive depending on such type of tumours. The real lymphomas were 48/81 cases (59.3%), benign ones 35.8% and poor differentiated carcinomas 4.9%. Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry with 6 markers could help to diagnose correctly as benign or malignant lesions, classify and determine the origin of the tumour cells as lymphocytes or epithelial cells diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphomas. Key words: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, lymphomas, poor differentiated carcinomas, hyperplasia, atypicality

Студенттерге колдонмо-жасалга өнөр аркылуу эстетикалык тарбия берүүнүн мааниси

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Н. А. Ирсалиева
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Applied Art ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Labor Training ◽  
New Ideas

Аннотация: Макалада студенттердин эстетикалык маданияттын калыптандыруу, кесиптик билим берүүнүн сапатын көтөрүү, маселелерин көрсөтүү менен жаңы билимдерди пайдалануу, кесиптик баалуулуктарды үзгүлтүксүз өстүрүп – өнүгүүнүн негизги жолдору, бүгүнкү күндүн талабына жооп бере турган билимдери каралды. Ошодой эле элдердик чеберлердин эмгектерин таанып, өздөштүрүп, кооздукту жаратууда, эмгек тарбиясын улантууда өнөр чыгармаларынын мааниси өтө чоң экендиги көрсөтүлгөн. Колдонмо-жасалга өнөр аркылуу, адам баласы кандайдыр бир, тиги же бул нерсени ойлонуп жасоодо, кайсыл бир деңгээлде жаратылыштын табигый кубулуштарынан үлгү алгандыгын байкоого болот. Анткени табияттын кубулуштарын үлгү катары пайдалануу менен адам баласы табыхый сулуулукка умтулуу жөнүндө ой толгоолор болду. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Жасалга колдонмо өнөр, эстетикалык тарбия, кесиптик билим берүү, элдик чеберлер, эмгекке окутуу, жаңы идеяларды ойлоп табуу. Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования эстетической культуры студентов на основе качественного профессионального образования, которые можно сформироваться при помощи новых знаний, профессиональных навыков, отвечающих требованиям сегодняшнего дня. А также нужно научить студентов необходимым знаниям декоративно-прикладного искусства, творчеству мастеров, видеть и создать красоту, творческому мышлению и труду. При помощи декоративно-прикладного искусства человек, создавая различные предметы, опирается на формы, созданные природой, в какой-то мере или степени подражает ей. Поскольку подражая природе, человек творит по закону красоты, он стремится и старается делать вещи красивыми и привлекательными, несущими в себе эстетические качества, наряду с полезностью и удобством этих вещей. Ключевые слова: декоративно-прикладное искусство, эстетическое воспитание, профессиональное обучение, народные мастерство, трудовое обучение. Annotation: The article deals with the formation of aesthetic culture of students on the basis of high-guality vocational education that can be given with the help of new knowledge of professional skills that meet the reguirements of todae. And also the knowledge of the decorative and applied art of the creative work of masters is neceftsmanship and work. People creating different objects based on froms created nature, and to some extent or degree emulates it. Because of the nature of men does to mimicking the Act.. He seeks and tries to do things nice and appealing aesthetic gualities in themselves carriers along with utility, ease of these things. Keywords: arts and crafts, aesthetic ebucation, vocational training, folk craftsmanship, labor training, create new ideas

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

How the Explanations of Natural Laws Make Some Reducible Physical Properties Natural and Explanatorily Powerful

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lange
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Fundamental Properties

Some philosophers regard no reducible physical properties as perfectly natural. However, in scientific practice, some but not other reducible physical properties (such as the property of having a given center of mass) denote genuine, explanatorily potent respects in which various systems are alike. What distinguishes these natural reducible physical properties from arbitrary algebraic combinations of more fundamental properties? Some philosophers treat naturalness as a metaphysical primitive. However, this chapter I suggests that it is not—at least, not as far as the naturalness of reducible physical properties is concerned. Roughly speaking, it is argued here that a reducible physical property’s naturalness is grounded in its role in the explanation of laws.

Body and Soul

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Image
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spiritual Nature ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Century Thought

This chapter discusses Hilary’s dichotomous body–soul anthropology. Although past scholars have tried to categorize Hilary as ‘Platonic’ or ‘Stoic’, these categories do not fully summarize fourth-century thought, not least because two-way as well as three-way expressions of the human person are also found in Scripture. The influence of Origen is demonstrated with particular reference to the commentary on Ps. 118.73, informed by parallels in Ambrose and the Palestinian Catena. As a result, it is possible to ascribe differences between Hilary’s commentaries to the fact that one is more reliant on Origen than the other. Nevertheless, Hilary’s position always seems to be that the body and soul should be at harmony until the body takes on the spiritual nature of the soul.

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