Resistance Exercise Interventions across the Cancer Control Continuum

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

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Advancing health-enhancing physical activity at workplace: Sport4Heath 2020 scientific forum

BMC Proceedings ◽

10.1186/s12919-020-00196-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (S16) ◽

Author(s):

Nikola Todorovic ◽

Valdemar Stajer ◽

Bojana Harrison ◽

Darinka Korovljev ◽

Neboja Maksimovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Work Performance ◽

Work Place ◽

The European Union ◽

Working Population ◽

Exercise Programs ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Health Related

AbstractPhysical activity at workplace can positively impact various wellbeing outcomes yet developing and implementing exercise programs that are straightforward, time-efficient and widely applicable remains a notable public health challenge. Sport4Health Network (SPORT4H) project co-funded by the European Union Erasmus+ programme unites health and sport professionals in an effort to encourage participation in physical activity among working population and reduce health risk factors for lifestyle diseases. A two-day SPORT4H scientific forum on non-traditional types of work-place exercise interventions was organized from 14th to 15th September 2020, to critically evaluate evidence on stretching and resistance exercise programs targeted to working population in aim to identify knowledge gaps and future areas of research and application. Evidence on traditional interventions (e.g., walking initiatives, active travel) appears more robust while only few studies evaluated the applicability of non-traditional PA programs in working population. However, we identified a moderate-to-strong link between non-traditional PA programs at the workplace and several health-related physical fitness indices, with resistance exercise turned out to be superior to other exercise interventions analyzed. It appears that low-volume high-repetition resistance exercise favorably affects musculoskeletal disorders, work performance and health-related quality of life in employees who exercised at least 3 times per week for over 8 weeks. In terms of safety, screening protocols should employ health-related questionnaires, adopting a progressive training load, and prescribing training programs to individual participants’ needs. Implementing non-traditional PA programs aimed to improve health-related physical fitness and counteract sedentary behavior at workplace might be therefore of utmost importance to contribute to health promotion in this sensible population.

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Acceptability and Feasibility of an Isometric Resistance Exercise Program for Abdominal Cancer Surgery: An Embedded Qualitative Study

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/1073274820950855 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 107327482095085

Author(s):

Ferhana Hashem ◽

David Stephensen ◽

Amanda Bates ◽

Tracy Pellatt-Higgins ◽

Ralph (Nobby) Peter Hobbs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Usual Care ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Feasibility Trial ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Care Group ◽

Exercise Interventions

Although it is recognized in the early stages of cancer recovery that changes in lifestyle including increases in physical activity improves physical function, there are no clear findings whether low versus moderate intensity activity or home or gym exercise offer optimal benefit. Isometric-resistance exercises can be carried out with very little equipment and space and can be performed while patients are bed-bound in hospital or at home. This embedded qualitative study, based in an English hospital trust providing specialist cancer care, was undertaken as a component of a feasibility trial to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of an isometric-resistance exercise program and explore the suitability of functional assessments by drawing from the experiences of abdominal cancer patients following surgery. Telephone interviews were undertaken with 7 participants in the intervention group, and 8 interviews with the usual care group (n = 15). The gender composition consisted of 11 females and 4 males. Participants’ ages ranged from 27 to 84 (M = 60.07, SD = 15.40). Interviews were conducted between August 2017 and May 2018, with audio files digitally recorded and data coded using thematic framework analysis. Our results show that blinding to intervention or usual care was a challenge, participants felt the intervention was safe and suitable aided by the assistance of a research nurse, yet, found the self-completion questionnaire tools hard to complete. Our study provides an insight of trial processes, participants’ adherence and completion of exercise interventions, and informs the design and conduct of larger RCTs based on the experiences of abdominal cancer surgery patients.

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How does exercise treatment compare with antihypertensive medications? A network meta-analysis of 391 randomised controlled trials assessing exercise and medication effects on systolic blood pressure

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2018-099921 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (14) ◽

pp. 859-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Huseyin Naci ◽

Maximilian Salcher-Konrad ◽

Sofia Dias ◽

Manuel R Blum ◽

Samali Anova Sahoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Randomised Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Dynamic Resistance ◽

Antihypertensive Medications ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of exercise regimens and medications on systolic blood pressure (SBP).Data sourcesMedline (via PubMed) and the Cochrane Library.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and diuretics were identified from existing Cochrane reviews. A previously published meta-analysis of exercise interventions was updated to identify recent RCTs that tested the SBP-lowering effects of endurance, dynamic resistance, isometric resistance, and combined endurance and resistance exercise interventions (up to September 2018).DesignRandom-effects network meta-analysis.OutcomeDifference in mean change from baseline SBP between comparator treatments (change from baseline in one group minus that in the other group) and its 95% credible interval (95% CrI), measured in mmHg.ResultsWe included a total of 391 RCTs, 197 of which evaluated exercise interventions (10 461 participants) and 194 evaluated antihypertensive medications (29 281 participants). No RCTs compared directly exercise against medications. While all medication trials included hypertensive populations, only 56 exercise trials included hypertensive participants (≥140 mmHg), corresponding to 3508 individuals. In a 10% random sample, risk of bias was higher in exercise RCTs, primarily due to lack of blinding and incomplete outcome data. In analyses that combined all populations, antihypertensive medications achieved higher reductions in baseline SBP compared with exercise interventions (mean difference −3.96 mmHg, 95% CrI −5.02 to −2.91). Compared with control, all types of exercise (including combination of endurance and resistance) and all classes of antihypertensive medications were effective in lowering baseline SBP. Among hypertensive populations, there were no detectable differences in the SBP-lowering effects of ACE-I, ARB, β-blocker and diuretic medications when compared with endurance or dynamic resistance exercise. There was no detectable inconsistency between direct and indirect comparisons. Although there was evidence of small-study effects, this affected both medication and exercise trials.ConclusionsThe effect of exercise interventions on SBP remains under-studied, especially among hypertensive populations. Our findings confirm modest but consistent reductions in SBP in many studied exercise interventions across all populations but individuals receiving medications generally achieved greater reductions than those following structured exercise regimens. Assuming equally reliable estimates, the SBP-lowering effect of exercise among hypertensive populations appears similar to that of commonly used antihypertensive medications. Generalisability of these findings to real-world clinical settings should be further evaluated.

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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Interventions on Cognitive and Physiologic Adaptations for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249216 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9216

Author(s):

Junga Lee

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Exercise Participation ◽

Beneficial Effects

(1) Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effects of exercise intervention for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). (2) Methods: Databases including PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane were used to search for studies that reported effects of exercise for older adults with MCI and randomized controlled trials up to July 2020. Exercise interventions of all selected studies were summarized, and effect sizes of exercise interventions were calculated. (3) Results: A total of 14 studies, including 1178 older adults with MCI were included. Exercise participation in older adults with MCI improved cognitive functions (d = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.10–1.65, p = 0.01; k = 5]) and handgrip strength (d = 0.62, 95% CI; 0.23–1.01, p = 0.00; k = 4) compared with control groups. Aerobic exercise or resistance exercise at moderate to vigorous levels for at least 150 min, 1 time/week, for 6 weeks was the minimum level to obtain beneficial effects from exercise for older adults with MCI. (4) Conclusions: Older adults with MCI who participated in exercise received beneficial effects, including improvement in cognitive functions and handgrip strength, but further studies to confirm the effects are needed.

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Concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in paediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2016-096605 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Antonio García-Hermoso ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽

Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽

Mark D Peterson ◽

Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Paediatric Obesity ◽

Concurrent Exercise

ObjectiveTo determine if the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is superior to aerobic exercise alone for the health of obese children and adolescents.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesComputerised search of 3 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies that compared the effect of supervised concurrent exercise versus aerobic exercise interventions, with anthropometric and metabolic outcomes in paediatric obesity (6–18 years old). The mean differences (MD) of the parameters from preintervention to postintervention between groups were pooled using a random-effects model.Results12 trials with 555 youths were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with aerobic exercise alone, concurrent exercise resulted in greater reductions in body mass (MD=−2.28 kg), fat mass (MD=−3.49%; and MD=−4.34 kg) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=−10.20 mg/dL); as well as greater increases in lean body mass (MD=2.20 kg) and adiponectin level (MD=2.59 μg/mL). Differences were larger for longer term programmes (>24 weeks).SummaryConcurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise improves body composition, metabolic profiles, and inflammatory state in the obese paediatric population.Trial registration numberCRD42016039807.

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Combined aerobic and resistance exercise interventions for individuals with schizophrenia: A systematic review

Mental Health and Physical Activity ◽

10.1016/j.mhpa.2017.04.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 147-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Heather Martin ◽

Samuel Beard ◽

Nathan Clissold ◽

Kameel Andraos ◽

Luke Currey

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Exercise Interventions

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Effects of Exercise Intervention on Peripheral Skeletal Muscle in Stable Patients With COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.766841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Peijun Li ◽

Jian Li ◽

Yingqi Wang ◽

Jun Xia ◽

Xiaodan Liu

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Training Modalities

Objectives: Peripheral skeletal muscle dysfunction is an important extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that can be counteracted by exercise training. This study aimed to review the effect of three major exercise training modalities, which are used in pulmonary rehabilitation to improve on skeletal muscle mass, function, and exercise capacity in COPD.Methods: PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, Web of Science, and the PEDro database were searched on April 25, 2020. Only randomized controlled studies published in English evaluating the effects of exercise interventions on peripheral skeletal muscle mass, strength, and exercise capacity in stable COPD patients were included. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale. The mean difference (MD) or the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was calculated to summarize the results. Subgroup meta-analysis was used to investigate the effects of different exercise training modalities and different outcome measures. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines were used to rate evidence quality.Results: A total of 30 randomized controlled trials involving 1,317 participants were included. Data from trials investigating endurance exercise (EE), resistance exercise (RE), and combined aerobic and resistance exercise (CE) were pooled into a meta-analysis, and the differences compared with the non-exercising COPD control were improvement in the muscle strength and exercise capacity in stable COPD patients. Subgroup meta-analysis for different exercise training modalities showed that RE significantly improved muscle strength (SMD = 0.6, 95% CI 0.35–0.84, I2 = 61%), EE and CE significantly increased VO2peak (EE: MD = 3.5, 95% CI 1.1–5.91, I2 = 92%; CE: MD = 1.66, 95% CI 0.22–3.1, I2 = 1%). Subgroup meta-analysis for different outcome measures showed that only isotonic strength was improved after exercise interventions (SMD = 0.89, 95% CI 0.51–1.26, I2 = 71%).Conclusion: Moderate evidence supports that exercise training in stable COPD patients has meaningful and beneficial effects on peripheral skeletal muscle strength and exercise capacity. Peripheral skeletal muscle shows a higher response to RE, and the isotonic test is relatively sensitive in reflecting muscle strength changes. The proportion of aerobic and resistance exercise components in a combined exercise program still needs exploration.Systematic Review Registration: The review was registered with the PROSPERO: (The website is https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, and the ID is CRD42020164868).

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Effects of Aerobic Plus Resistance Exercise on Body Composition Related Variables in Pediatric Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2014-0132 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 431-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonio García-Hermoso ◽

Mairena Sánchez-López ◽

Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Obese Youth

The purpose of this meta-analysis of randomized trials was to determine the effectiveness of aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions on body composition related to variables in overweight and obese youth. A computerized search was made of 7 databases. The analysis was restricted to randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on body composition (body weight, body mass index, fat mass, fat-free mass, and waist circumference) in obese youth. Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Nine studies were selected for meta-analysis as they fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n = 365). Aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions (8–24 weeks duration) produced a decrease in body weight (WMD=-3.31 kg), body mass index (WMD=-1.05 kg/m2), and fat mass (WMD=-1.93% and 5.05 kg), but changes in fatfree mass and waist circumference were not observed. These changes were accentuated through programs of at least 60 min of exercise per session, generating greater reductions in body weight (WMD=-4.11 kg), fat mass (WMD=-4.07%), and increase in fat-free mass (WMD = 2.45 kg). This meta-analysis provides insight into the effectiveness of short-term aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions for decreasing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass in pediatric obesity.

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