Possible Association between Diabetes and Bisphosphonate-Related Jaw Osteonecrosis

Abstract Context: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis (BON) of the jaws is a newly identified condition for which the exact mechanism involved in its pathogenesis remains obscure. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether diabetes mellitus (DM) may be a contributing factor in the development of BON. Design: From 2004 to 2006, 31 patients were diagnosed with BON. The diagnosis of BON was based on the medical and dental history of each patient as well as the observation of clinical signs and symptoms of this pathological process. DM was based on two consecutive fasting blood glucose levels above 7 mmol/liter. Setting: The study was completed in the Hebrew University-Hadassah Hospital referral center. Results: Of the 31 patients with BON, 18 (58%) were found to have DM or impaired fasting glucose. The proportion of diabetic patients was much higher than expected relative to the incidence of DM in the general population (14%) and compared with the proportion of diabetic patients in a control group of oncological patients treated with bisphosphonates and without BON (12%) (P = 0.00003). Conclusions: This finding indicates that DM may be a risk factor for BON and that DM patients treated with bisphosphonates should be carefully monitored. We discuss here the bone metabolic pathways characteristic of DM patients and the way in which these pathways can augment the effects of bisphosphonates.

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Determination of thallium in urine, blood, and hair in illicit opioid users in Iran

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327120903487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 808-815

Author(s):

N Molavi ◽

A Ghaderi ◽

HR Banafshe

Keyword(s):

Graphite Furnace ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Control Group ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

Opioid Users ◽

Thallium Exposure ◽

Illicit Opioid Use

Context: Heavy metals, including thallium and lead, are introduced to illicit drug users’ body as a result of using drugs such as cocaine and heroin. Objective: This study aimed to determine urine, blood, and hair thallium (Tl) concentrations in illicit opioid users along with the relevant clinical signs and symptoms consistent with thallotoxicosis and to compare them with the corresponding variables in the control non-opioid user group. Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 50 illicit opioid users who had abused opioids continuously for more than a year, referred to Amirie Drug Abuse Treatment Clinic in Kashan, Iran. The control group included 50 non-opioid users. Thallium concentrations in urine, blood, and hair were assessed in both groups ( n = 100) using electrothermal (graphite furnace) atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS, GF AAS). Results: In the studied group, the median (interquartile range) concentrations of thallium in urine, blood, and hair were 54.8 ± 79.9 μg/L, 14.5 ± 11.1 μg/L, and 5.4 ± 3.7 µg/g, respectively; these values were 4.8 ± 5.2 μg/L, 2.5 ± 2.4 μg/L, and 1.4 ± 1.1 µg/g, respectively, in the control group. There were significant differences in urine, blood, and hair thallium concentrations between the study group and the control group ( p < 0.001). There were significant correlations between duration of illicit opioid use and urine thallium concentrations ( r = 0.394, p = 0.005) and hair thallium concentrations ( r = 0.293, p = 0.039), but not with blood thallium concentrations ( r = 0.246, p = 0.085). Urine and blood thallium concentrations of illicit opioid users with clinical signs and symptoms consistent with thallotoxicosis of weakness ( p = 0.01), depression ( p = 0.03), and headache ( p = 0.03) were higher than users without these problems. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the study showed that thallium concentrations in urine, blood, and hair in illicit opioid users were significantly higher than the comparable concentrations in the control group. This can be due to the use of illicit opioids adulterated with thallium. Also, this study showed long-term illicit opioid use may lead to thallium exposure. In addition, cigarette smoking was associated with increased thallium exposure.

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ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR DIAGNOSING CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME NEED TO BE REVISED IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS

Journal of Musculoskeletal Research ◽

10.1142/s0218957717500142 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (03) ◽

pp. 1750014

Author(s):

Mahdieh Asadi ◽

Sharareh Roshanzamir

Keyword(s):

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Previous studies do not agree with each other on the association between electrodiagnostic findings and clinical symptoms of Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In most of these studies, many variables such as age, sex, obesity and hypothyroidism have not been taken into account. Material & methods: About 62 patients with hypothyroidism and 62 patients without hypothyroidism with sign and symptoms of CTS were included in this study. Electrodiagnostic tests were done for all patients. And relationship of the severity of CTS signs and symptoms with electrodiagnostic parameters was examined statistically in each group. Results: This study showed that distal motor latency in control group (without hypothyroidism) is significantly more prolonged than hypothyroid patients. Also there was significant correlation between clinical symptoms and electrodiagnostic findings in control group, but there was not such correlation in hypothyroid patients. In 62% of hypothyroid patients with clinical signs and symptoms of CTS, electrodiagnostic findings were normal and only in 38% of cases, electrodiagnostic findings were suggestive of CTS. Conclusion: Relationship of the severity of CTS signs and symptoms with electrodiagnostic parameters is very weak in hypothyroid patients. Many hypothyroid patients with clinical signs and symptoms of CTS have normal electrodiagnostic findings; so we need more studies for revising the para-clinic criteria of labeling patients having CTS in hypothyroid patients.

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Impact of Music on Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders ◽

10.33140/ijdmd/00002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Blood Sugar ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Normal Category ◽

Conventional Diet ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Experimental Group

The present study is undertaken to see the effect of music on blood sugar levels among type two diabetic patients. 100 diabetic patients aged 60-75 years were randomly selected from diabetic clinics. They are divided into two groups of 50 each (25 females and 25 males) one group served as control and another experimental. Both groups received regular conventional diet, medical protocol, and exercise/yoga. The experimental group was exposed daily to music of their choice approved by a music therapist for 40 minutes in addition. The study was undertaken for 3 months. Fasting blood glucose levels were taken in the beginning and after every month. The initial average blood sugar in the control group is 160 mg/dl and in the experimental group is 158mg/dl. Grouping them into various levels showed that initially none of the patients in both groups had normal blood sugar levels. In the experimental group those in the categories of 101-120 mg/dl are 16%, 121-140 mg/dl are 28%, 141-160 mg/dl are16% and those in >160 mg/dl are 48c% after 3 months 48% patients slided over to the normal category, in the other levels are 28%, 18%, 4% and 2% respectively. In the control group the corresponding levels are 4% in the normal category and 4%, 28%, 60%, and 4% respectively. The results indicated that there is consistent decrease in the fasting levels in the experimental group indicating that listening to music of their choice probably reduced the stress levels and thereby the blood sugar levels.

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The comparison of the efficacy of Alveogyl, 0.8% Hyaluronic acid, and 0.2% Chlorhexidine Digluconate in alveolar osteitis

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Ömür Dereci ◽

Görkem Tekin ◽

Yasin Çağlar Koşar

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Physiological Saline ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Alveolar Osteitis ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Alveogyl, 0.8% hyaluronic acid (HA), and 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) gel in reducing pain and improving clinical signs and symptoms of alveolar osteitis. Methodology: The clinical data of patients treated for alveolar osteitis between 01/01/2015 and 01/01/2019 were retrieved for this study. All patients were initially treated by curettage and physiological saline irrigation. Patients were then divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was considered the control group; no other biomaterials were administered after curettage and physiological saline irrigation. All other groups were administered an additional treatment in the socket after curettage and physiological saline irrigation (Group 1 – Alveogyl; Group 2 - 0.8% HA; Group 3 - 0.2% CHX). Patents were evaluated before surgery as well as days 3 and 7 after surgery. The postoperative evaluations included: Visual analog scale(VAS) pain scores, the presence of clinical signs and symptoms of exposed alveolar bone, disorganized blood clot, inflammation around the socket, and bad odor and taste. Results: Sixty-seven patients were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in all control evaluations (p>0.05). There was significantly reduced inflammation around the extraction socket on postoperative day 7 in the CHX group compared to that in the control group (p<0.05). No other significant changes in clinical signs and symptoms were observed among groups. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between curettage with physiological saline irrigation alone and the addition of Alveogyl, 0.8% HA, or 0.2% CHX in the reduction of pain in alveolar osteitis. Nonetheless, CHX may reduce inflammation around the extraction sockets. How to cite this article: Dereci Ö, Görkem T, Koşar YÇ. The comparison of the efficacy of Alveogyl, 0.8% Hyaluronic acid, and 0.2% Chlorhexidine Digluconate in alveolar osteitis. Int Dent Res 2021;11(1):6-11. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no1.2 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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Study of clinical profile of chronic kidney disease in non-diabetic patients

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20212809 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Kumar U. ◽

Shashank J. ◽

Narayana Swamy

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Hypertensive Nephropathy ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiological processes associated with abnormal kidney function and a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate. Cardiovascular disease is one of the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients at every stage of CKD. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension together being major cause for CKD. Hypertension is a common cause for CKD and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study mainly focused on the causes of CKD other than diabetes mellitus. An early detection and appropriate intervention of these patients will possibly help prevent progression of renal disease.Methods:We assessed 55 non diabetic CKD patients who presented to the OPD/IPD in Victoria hospital, Bowring and Lady Curzon hospital and other hospitals affiliated to Bangalore medical college and research institute during period June 2018 to December 2019. A detailed history and clinical examination was performed and patients were subjected to necessary investigations.Results: The commonest etiology for CKD was found to be hypertensive nephropathy followed by glomerulonephritis. Common symptoms were generalized weakness, lower limb swelling. Commonest signs are pallor, pedal edema and hypertension.Conclusions:CKD is a major health problem. Diabetic nephropathy is the commonest cause for CKD followed by hypertensive nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. Anaemia, pedal oedema, oliguria and generalised weakness were the major presenting clinical signs and symptoms in CKD. This condition when detected in early stages and managed can slow down the progression of CKDs and delay the need of renal replacement therapy.

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Clinical value of (1,3)-β-D-glucan, mannan, antimannan IgG and IgM antibodies in diagnosis of invasive candidiasis

Medical Mycology ◽

10.1093/mmy/myy158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (8) ◽

pp. 976-986

Author(s):

Fengtian Li ◽

Xiaotian Yu ◽

Liyan Ye ◽

Guang Zhou ◽

Leili Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Invasive Candidiasis ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

And Control

Abstract Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis (IC) is still challenging due to absence of specific clinical signs and symptoms. In this study we investigate the clinical value of (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG), mannan (MN), antimannan immunoglobulin G (AM-IgG), and antimannan immunoglobulin M (AM-IgM) assay in diagnosis of IC. During 2016 to 2018 serum samples from 71 patients with IC and 185 patients without IC were collected. Serum samples from 41 patients with bacteremia were also enrolled as additional control. Significant differences in mean serum biomarkers levels between IC and control group were observed. At low cutoff threshold the sensitivity and specificity of BDG (70 pg/ml), MN (50 pg/ml), AM-IgG (80 AU/ml), and AM-IgM (80 AU/ml) assay were 64.8% and 90.8%, 64.8 and 89.2%,74.6% and 87.0%, 57.7% and 60.0%, respectively. Combined use of BDG/MN, BDG/AM-IgG and MN/AM-IgG improved the sensitivity and specificity to 85.9% and 81.1%, 85.9% and 80.0%, 81.7% and 81.6%, respectively. The combination of BDG/MN, BDG/AM-IgG, or MN/AM-IgG may provide an encouraging approach for diagnosis of IC.

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Open Comparison Study between Augmentin and Ampicillin-Chloramphenicol in the Treatment of Bronchopneumonia in Children

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi35.9-10.1995.222-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (9-10) ◽

pp. 222-6

Author(s):

M. Hardjono Abdoerrachman

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Comparison Study ◽

Good Clinical Response ◽

Single Drug ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

The Given

Sixty children under 2 years of age suffering from bronchopneumonia were evaluated for the effectiveness of the treatment. The first group consisted of 30 patients was treated with a single drug, i.e. , Augmentin (amoxycillin and clavulanic acid) as a study group. The second group was treated with a combination of ampicillin and chloramphenicol as a control group. The two groups showed good clinical response to the the given treatment. Clinical signs and symptoms of bronchopneumonia disappeared within the similar period in both groups, including decrease of fever, disappearance of dyspnea, and diminution or disappearance of rales. The clinical effectiveness in this study, as measured by the disappearance of clinical signs and symptoms, was considered to have a success rate of 82.1% in the study group and 72.2% in control group.

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Application of transcutaneus electroneurostimulation in complex therapy and rehabilitation of diabetic neuropathic pain

Journal of New Medical Technologies eJournal ◽

10.12737/7217 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Аль-Замиль ◽

M. Al-Zamil ◽

Божко ◽

S. Bozhko ◽

Кудаева ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

And Control ◽

Low Amplitude

. In this article expediency of application of monophasic, high frequency and low amplitude transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy of lower extremity was proved. This study included 159 patients with acute distal neuropathic pain in lower extremity. In all patients di-abetic mellitus 2 type was diagnosed and clinical signs and symptoms of distal polyneuropathy were found. Comparative dynamics of clinical and electromyographic manifestations of diabetic distal polyneuropathy between basis and control groups were analyzed. 62 patients in control group undergone treatment by the Duloxetine 60 mg every day within 3 months. In basis group 97 patients in addition to the Duloxetine were treated by transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation during 30 minutes per day after day for 15 days. This study showed that complex treatment by combination use of transcutaneous neuroelectrostimula-tion with central analgesic more effective than traditional analgesic therapy in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy.

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The Effects of Bonny Light Crude Oil (Blco) on the Helminth Parasite Heligmosomoides Bakeri (Polygrus) of Mice.

Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.36108/jvbs/9102.20.0111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 88-99

Author(s):

V. E. Chukwu

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Standard Procedures ◽

Heligmosomoides Bakeri ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms

This study examined the effect of crude oil on Heligmosomoides bakeri in albino mice. A total of 35 albino mice of 5-8 weeks were used for this study. The mice were randomly divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) of 5 mice each and infected with 0.13ml of H. bakeri larvae. Mice in the first two groups (A and B) were given crude oil per os at the concentrations of 0.2 and 0.05 mg/ml respectively. Those in group C were given Albendazole and group D infected but not treated. Group E was used as a naïve control group. Two other groups F and G were used for toxicity test. All mice were observed for clinical signs and symptoms of abnormality all through the study and all parameters were assessed following standard procedures for 5 weeks. Administration of crude oil per os to mice in groups A and B at the dose levels used in this study showed no significant (p>0.05) changes in PCV, body weight and fecal egg counts of the mice. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference in larval mortality test between the crude oil treated groups compared to the control group by their movement (if normal, moving or dead i.e. no observed motion within 10 mins). The Albendazole group C had the least worm burden and fecal egg count compared to the groups treated with different concentration of Crude oil. In conclusion, it may be suggested that heavily infected animals may not respond to treatment with crude oil against nematodes which discredit the unorthodox folklore medicine for parasitic treatment by some rural. Its effect on the worms appeared to be transient.

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Biological Characterization of Locally Circulating Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Poultry

Pakistan Veterinary Journal ◽

10.29261/pakvetj/2020.079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (01) ◽

pp. 112-116

Author(s):

Saba Farooq

Keyword(s):

Field Isolate ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Respiratory Discomfort ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽

Experimental Group

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a pathogen of concern for poultry. Present study was conducted to determine the biological characteristics of a field isolate of MG, recovered from an MG-affected flock. This isolation was made through conventional method of MG cultivation, using modified Frey’s media after confirming the isolate by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 48 birds were segregated into experimental group (32 birds) and the control group (16 birds). To appraise primary site of infection, MG broth propagated culture containing 1x106 CFU/ml was inoculated intratracheally to each bird in the experimental group, whereas the control group was sham inoculated by uninoculated broth. The clinical signs and symptoms were recorded daily from day 1 to 21 post-infection (p.i.). Seroconversion monitoring was carried out, at day 5, 10, 15, 20 p.i. by Serum Plate Agglutination test (SPA) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). To determine the dissemination pattern of MG, birds were sacrificed according to plan, swabbed from various organs and subjected to MG-specific PCR. Tracheal lesions and air sac lesions were scored after necropsy. Clinically, mild signs of respiratory discomfort were observed on day 5 p.i., which intensified on day 9 to 21 p.i. in the experimental group. PCR of tracheal swab samples was positive from day 7 to 21 p.i., and the swabs collected from lungs were positive for MG from day 9 to 21 p.i. The study concluded that, MG isolate from field showed limited dissemination pattern and is restricted to respiratory tract.

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