Robust Leptin Secretory Responses to Dexamethasone in Obese Subjects*

Abstract Although leptin reverses obesity in rodents, its function and regulation in humans are unknown. Glucocorticoids have been reported to stimulate leptin production in both rodents and humans, but data assessing the effect of obesity on dynamic leptin secretory responses are unavailable. We, therefore, studied 52 lean and obese subjects [20 men and 32 women; aged 19–84 yr; body mass index (BMI) range, 16–47 kg/m2] randomized to treatment with dexamethasone (total dose, 10 mg/4 days) or placebo. Compared with placebo, dexamethasone increased (P = 0.0001) plasma leptin levels by 64–111% above baseline values within 2–4 days. The increases occurred in all ages, showed no sexual dimorphism, and were particularly robust in obese subjects. After dexamethasone treatment, significant interactions were observed between the change in plasma leptin and BMI (P = 0.0001), baseline plasma leptin (P = 0.0006) and plasma dexamethasone levels (P = 0.04), but not age (P = 0.28); an apparent interaction with plasma insulin no longer was significant after controlling for BMI. These results confirm dexamethasone-induced hyperleptinemia in humans and further demonstrate that the response is not defective in obesity.

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Genetic Variation in Leptin Receptor Gene in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects from Erbil City

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2017.11.1.503 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

Suhad A. Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Gln223arg Polymorphism ◽

Plasma Leptin

There have been numerous genetic causes of obesity specifically leptin, genetic variants of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR Gln223Arg) which appeared to be polymorphismized (A>G; rs1137101) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity in several populations, although no association has been evidenced in other regions in the world. In this study, the association between LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism with Body Mass Index (BMI) and plasma leptin levels in obese diabetic and obese non-diabetic adults who are randomly selected from Erbil city is evaluated. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction, and plasma leptin measurements. LEPR (A > G; rs1137101) genotypes were identified by a PCR- RFLP. The results show that plasma leptin concentrations increased with body mass index, and in obese diabetic group was more than two-fold increases p=0.001 when compared to those of obese non-diabetic patients. LEPR (A > G; rs1137101) gene polymorphisms did not found associated with BMI in the whole studied population. Furthermore an increased frequency of the GG genotype in the female control group 32.1 compared to obese group 19.2, but the frequency did not significant (OR= 1.38: 95% CI; 0.74-2.03, P=0.07 ) which indicated that this genotype might be associated with a protective effect against obesity in female only and that this effect was independent of diabetes. Further analysis of a larger population is required to confirm the biological relevance of this polymorphism for obesity in the Kurdish population.

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Plasma insulin concentration is more tightly linked to plasma leptin concentration than is the body mass index

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80023-2 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 544-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fahim Abbasi ◽

Marcello Carantoni ◽

Tracy McLaughlin ◽

Gerald M. Reaven

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

The Body ◽

Insulin Concentration ◽

Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽

Plasma Leptin

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Cardioautonomic responses to acute ingestion of ice water and its correlation to body mass index

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0057 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 259-264

Author(s):

Priya Arjunwadekar ◽

Savitri Parvatgouda Siddanagoudra

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Body Mass ◽

Water Intake ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Water Ingestion ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Ice Water

Abstract Background A significant relationship has been documented in the literature between the autonomic nervous system imbalance and cardiovascular mortality. In patients with autonomic failure, water ingestion has been shown to increase blood pressure (BP), induce bradycardia, and cause low heart rate variability (HRV). A few studies showed the altered HRV as an acute effect of ice water intake in healthy subjects. None of the studies have shown light on the relationship of BP and HRV to ice water intake in obese and overweight subjects. The present study is aimed to correlate BP and HRV with body mass index (BMI) after ice water ingestion. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 subjects of both sexes aged between 18 and 24 years old. Subjects were assigned into three groups based on their BMI: normal, overweight, and obese. Before and after ice water ingestion, BP and HRV parameters were recorded and compared between the groups. Statistically data were analyzed by Student’s paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Basal HF was significant (p<0.05) in all three groups after ice water ingestion [F(2, 27), 44.1; p-value, 0.02]. After ice water ingestion, all HRV values were significant (p<0.001) in the three groups. The post-hoc Tukey HSD test demonstrated the less mean score for mean RR interval, standard deviation of all NN interval, standard deviation of differences between adjacent, HF and high for HR, LF, and LHR in overweight and obese subjects. Conclusions Because of the effective buffering system, healthy subjects showed increased HR and unchanged BP. Overweight and obese subjects showed decreased HR and increased BP.

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Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Obese

10.53350/pjmhs2115102831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2831-2832

Author(s):

Ambreen Asif ◽

Kashif Aziz Ahmad ◽

Sohaib Akbar ◽

Talha Munir

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Body Mass ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obese Subjects

Objective: frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects Methodology: In this was a cross sectional study, we included a total of 100 cases, between 30 and 70 years of age of either gender having body mass index >30 whereas we excluded all those cases who were already taking treatment of dyslipidemia. A fasting blood sample was followed for lipid profile from the hospital lab and results were followed for presence/absence of dyslipidemia. Results: In this trial, mean age was 44.57+8.52 years. Mean lipid profile was recorded as 210.17+36.73 total cholesterol, 178.83+12.10 triglycerides, 133.55+9.74 LDL and 34.42+6.58 HDL. Mean Body mass index was calculated as 34.11+7.25. Frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects was recorded as 51%(n=51) Conclusion: We concluded that frequency of dyslipidemia is higher in obese subjects coming to a tertiary care hospital Lahore. So, it is recommended that every patient who present with obesity, should be sort out for dyslipidemia. However, it is also required that every setup should have their surveillance in order to know the frequency of the problem Keywords: Obese, dyslipidemia, frequency

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An investigation into the effect of body mass index on the agreement between whole-body fat mass determined by MRI and air-displacement plethysmography

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20190300 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (1103) ◽

pp. 20190300

Author(s):

Andrew D. Weedall ◽

Adrian J. Wilson ◽

Sarah C. Wayte

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Test Objects

Objective: To validate MRI fat measurement protocols using purpose built test objects and by comparison with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) whole-body fat measurements in non-obese subjects. Methods: Test objects of known fat concentration were used to quantify the accuracy of the MRI measurements. 10 participants with a body mass index in the range 18–30 underwent whole-body MRI using two different Dixon-based sequences (LAVA Flex and IDEAL IQ) to obtain an estimate of their whole-body fat mass. The MRI determined fat mass was compared to the fat mass determined by ADP. Results: MRI test object measurements showed a high correlation to expected fat percentage (r > 0.98). The participant MRI and ADP results were highly correlated (r = 0.99) but on average (mean ± standard deviation) MRI determined a higher fat mass than ADP (3.8 ± 3.1 kg for LAVA Flex and 1.9 ± 3.2 kg for IDEAL IQ). There was no trend in the difference between MRI and ADP with total fat mass. Conclusion: The good agreement between MRI and ADP shows that Dixon-based MRI can be used effectively as a tool in physiological research for non-obese adults. Advances in knowledge: This work found that for ten non-obese subjects body mass index had no effect on the MRI determination of whole-body fat mass.

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Adiposity-independent sympathetic activity in black men

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00058.2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 108 (6) ◽

pp. 1613-1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Aamer Abbas ◽

Lidia S. Szczepaniak ◽

Meryem Tuncel ◽

Jonathan M. McGavock ◽

Beverley Huet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Black Women ◽

Black Men ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sympathetic Activity ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

New Findings ◽

Visceral Abdominal Fat ◽

Plasma Leptin

Obesity is thought to lead to sympathetic overactivity as a compensatory adjustment to weight gain. However, most of the experimental support for the hypothesis has been derived from white cohorts. Our previous study in blacks indicated that sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) is closely correlated with body mass index only in women, whereas, in black men, SNA is elevated and dissociated from adiposity (Abate et al., Hypertension 38: 379–383, 2001). To further determine whether total and regional adiposity are determinants of SNA in blacks, we performed a prospective weight loss study in 12 normotensive obese black men and 9 obese black women. SNA, body mass index, and abdominal fat mass were measured before and 16 wk after hypocaloric diet. The major new findings are that, in obese black men, the dietary-induced weight loss of 11.3 ± 0.8 kg resulted in reduction in plasma leptin, insulin, and visceral abdominal fat but had no effect on SNA (from baseline of 26 ± 4 to 28 ± 3 bursts/min, P = not significant). In contrast, in black women, weight loss of 8.0 ± 0.9 kg caused similar reductions in plasma leptin, insulin, and visceral abdominal fat and led to a reduction in SNA by 40% (from baseline of 22 ± 2 to 13 ± 3 bursts/min, P < 0.05). In conclusion, these new data from this prospective study provide strong support for a major adiposity-independent sympathetic activity in black men and adiposity-related sympathetic activity in black women.

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Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-I is associated with plasma leptin irrespective of body mass index, body fat mass, and plasma insulin and metabolic parameters in premenopausal women

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/s0026-0495(99)90190-7 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 960-964 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Vito De Mitrio ◽

Giovanni De Pergola ◽

Roberto Vettor ◽

Renato Marino ◽

Marcello Sciaraffia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Plasma Leptin ◽

Activator Inhibitor

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Mo1963 - Lactobacillus Probiotics Reduce Body Mass Index, Body Weight, and Fat Mass in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(18)32927-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 154 (6) ◽

pp. S-865-S-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Kunnackal John ◽

Lin Wang ◽

Julie Nanavati ◽

Rajdeep Singh ◽

Gerard Mullin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Obese Subjects

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Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Decreased in Obese Subjects and Are Significantly Related With Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2017.182 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 699-702 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dimitrios Papandreou ◽

Christos Karavolias ◽

Fotini Arvaniti ◽

Eleana Kafeza ◽

Fatima Sidawi

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Amino Acid Peptide ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Metabolic Functions ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Overnight Fasting ◽

Obese Subjects

BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide that predominantly produced by the stomach. Strong evidence indicates the effects of ghrelin in the regulation of metabolic functions and its potential role in the aetiology of obesity.AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of ghrelin levels with obesity, insulin resistance and glucose in normal and obese subjects.METHODS: Thirteen normal (n = 13) and seven (n = 7) obese weight subjects aged 20-22 participated in the study. Fasting plasma ghrelin, insulin and glucose levels were measured after overnight fasting. HOMA-IR was calculated to evaluate insulin resistance.RESULTS: Ghrelin and insulin levels were found to be statistically significantly lower and higher in obese subjects (P < 0.001), respectively. Glucose levels were clinically higher in obese subjects but not statistically significant. Fasting plasma ghrelin was negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.77, P < 0.001), fasting insulin levels (r = -0.55, P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.66, P < 0.001). There was no correlation between ghrelin and glucose. In multiple regression analysis, insulin levels (Beta: -2.66, 95% CI: -2.49, -2.78, P < 0.001) HOMA-IR (Beta: -2.41, 95% CI: -2.33, -2.55, P < 0.001) and BMI (Beta: -1.77, 95% CI: -1.66, -1.89, P < 0.001) were significant independent determinants of fasting ghrelin.CONCLUSION: Obese subjects have low fasting ghrelin levels that they are significantly related to insulin resistance and body mass index. More prospective studies are needed to establish the role of ghrelin in the pathogenesis of human obesity.

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