Contextual Inference in Markets: On the Informational Content of Product Lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 2127-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Kamenica
Keyword(s):  
Market Equilibrium ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Informational Content ◽  
Compromise Effect ◽  
Choice Overload ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Market Equilibria ◽  
Stable Preference

Context can influence decisions. This malleability of choice is usually invoked as evidence that people do not maximize stable preference orderings. In a market equilibrium, however, context conveys payoff-relevant information to consumers. Consequently, these consumers rationally violate naïve formulations of standard choice theoretic principles. I identify informational asymmetries under which apparently anomalous behaviors, namely the compromise effect and choice overload, arise as market equilibria. Firms respond to consumers' contextual inference; in case of the compromise effect, a firm may introduce premium loss leaders (expensive goods of overly high quality that increase the demand for other goods). (JEL D11, D83, M31)

Quality of Health Information on the Internet

2009 ◽  
pp. 443-455
Author(s):  
Kleopatra Alamantariotou
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Effective Use

Recent statistics show that the World Wide Web has now grown to over 100 million sites: a phenomenal expansion in only 15 years (Mulligan 2007). It has been estimated that there are 100,000 sites offering health related information (Wilson 2002). As the amount of health information increases, the public find it increasingly difficult to decide what to accept and what to reject (Burgess 2007). Searching for information on the internet is both deceptively easy and the same time frustratingly difficult (Kiley 2002). The challenge for consumers is to find high quality, relevant information as quickly as possible. There has been ongoing debate about the quality of information aimed at patients and the general public and opinions differ on how it can be improved (Stepperd 1999). The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief overview of the different perspectives on information quality and to review the main criteria for assessing the quality of health information on the internet. Pointers are provided to enable both clinicians and patients find high quality information sources. An understanding of these issues should help health professionals and patients to make effective use of the internet.

scholarly journals Features of accounting and information risk management in the conditions of impact of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Вікторія Костянтинівна Макарович ◽  
Олена Олександрівна Григоревська ◽  
Наталія Степанівна Стойка
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Asset Impairment ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical provisions and develop guidelines for improving approaches to accounting for risks of exposure to COVID-19 and disclosure of information about them in the reporting of economic entities. In the process of research the methods of observation, comparison, analysis, synthesis, generalization were used. The study is based on the hypothesis that high-quality accounting and information support will increase the validity, efficiency and analytical information about the risks of COVID-19 and their impact on business activities in accordance with modern management requirements, strengthening the responsibility of performers, improving management accounting. The article summarizes the approaches to the impact of uncertainty and risk on the accounting and analytical system of enterprises, which are considered in scientific circles by domestic researchers. The risks of the enterprise’s activity that are relevant in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic are highlighted: risks caused by restrictions by legislative and regulatory acts; risks due to the occurrence of obligations related to the production and sale of products, goods, works, services; risks of asset impairment; risks to the recognition and measurement of liabilities; risks of possible bankruptcy; investment risks. to identify risk and assess it, you can use the «triple method». It is established that the accounting and information support of risk management in the conditions of influence of COVID-19 includes: methodical support of risk accounting, analytical support, documentary support; display of information on risks in the reporting, which allowed developing a report on the risks of the impact of COVID-19 on the activities of the enterprise. The obtained results are the basis for bringing the system of accounting and analytical support to a qualitatively new level and will generate useful, truthful and relevant information for enterprise management in decision-making to minimize the impact of risks on business activities through COVID-19.

scholarly journals Analisis Kepatuhan Atas Penerapan Internet Corporate Reporting (ICR) pada Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessy Noor Farida
Keyword(s):  
Financial Statements ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Public Company

In the digital business era, having a high-quality and effective website is one of the priority strategies for many companies. Companies that have information on the company's website can make it easier for users to find all the necessary information related to the company without incurring high costs. With corporate reporting, the company will present financial information in a timely manner to convince users of financial statements that the data available is relevant information. In order to increase transparency while increasing the access of shareholders and other stakeholders to the information of issuers or public companies OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) issues regulations related to the website of the issuer or public company. The results of this study indicate that Islamic banks have not utilized the facilities provided on the website optimally. This is indicated by the ICR index average of Islamic banks which is still in the range of 51.1. The highest ICR index is owned by Bank Muamalat Indonesia with a score of 73.97 and the lowest ICR index is owned by Bank Mega Syariah bank with a score of 36.99.

Development of a Translation Standard to support the improvement of health literacy and provide consistent high-quality information

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaklina Michael ◽  
Tracy Aylen ◽  
Rajna Ogrin
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Consumer Health Information ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
High Quality

Australia has a high number of people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds whose primary language is not English. CALD population groups have comparatively lower levels of education and health literacy, and poorer health outcomes compared with the Australian-born population. The delivery of consumer health information to people from CALD backgrounds usually includes the use of translated resources. Unfortunately, the quality of translated resources available on health issues is highly variable and may impact efforts to address the disparities in health outcomes. Currently applied guides to translation focus on accuracy and literalness of the translation; however, for health translations, conveying meaning and incorporating culturally relevant information is essential. Minimum standards for developing translated resources are needed to provide an indication of quality for end users, including healthcare providers, the client and carer. This paper describes the development of a Translation Standard, led by a community nursing organisation in collaboration and consultation with CALD community members and peak community organisations in Melbourne, Australia. The Translation Standard includes 10 components that have been identified as necessary to ensure a minimum standard of translation that is of high quality and caters to the health literacy levels of the target audience. What is known about the topic? There are many people from CALD backgrounds who have worse health outcomes than people who are Australian born. There is a gap in guidance to health professionals on how to develop high-quality translations of consumer health information that consider culture and health literacy. Higher-quality translations are needed to better inform CALD groups about their health. What does this paper add? The description of a new Translation Standard to guide the development of culturally relevant consumer health translations, considering the cultural needs and health literacy level of the target audience. What are the implications for practitioners? The Translation Standard provides assurance to practitioners that any translation that has followed this Standard is of high quality and increases the likelihood that the target audience will find the information relevant and understandable. The Translation Standard can assist consumers to make more informed choices and decisions about their health. Future translations would benefit by using such a guide.

Directory of businesses economist

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Slyepukhin ◽  
Vadim Sverchevskiy ◽  
Elena Nazarova ◽  
Anatoliy Govorin ◽  
Lelya Pashtova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Business Planning ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Effective Implementation

Directory of businesses economist contains answers to basic questions that are constantly faced economists in their practice enterprises and firms. The book includes information on how to organize enterprise management, establish business processes, business planning, to determine the strategic objectives and set targets, take educated management decisions and to ensure their effective implementation. The book focuses on practical economists, financiers, accountants - beginners to experts and highly qualified professionals - everyone will find here a lot of new, useful and relevant information for the effective and high-quality execution of their professional duties.

scholarly journals Robust Characterization of the Uterine Myoelectrical Activity in Different Obstetric Scenarios

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Javier Mas-Cabo ◽  
Yiyao Ye-Lin ◽  
Javier Garcia-Casado ◽  
Alba Díaz-Martinez ◽  
Alfredo Perales-Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Fast Wave ◽  
Root Mean Square Amplitude ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Electrophysiological Characterization

Electrohysterography (EHG) has been shown to provide relevant information on uterine activity and could be used for predicting preterm labor and identifying other maternal fetal risks. The extraction of high-quality robust features is a key factor in achieving satisfactory prediction systems from EHG. Temporal, spectral, and non-linear EHG parameters have been computed to characterize EHG signals, sometimes obtaining controversial results, especially for non-linear parameters. The goal of this work was to assess the performance of EHG parameters in identifying those robust enough for uterine electrophysiological characterization. EHG signals were picked up in different obstetric scenarios: antepartum, including women who delivered on term, labor, and post-partum. The results revealed that the 10th and 90th percentiles, for parameters with falling and rising trends as labor approaches, respectively, differentiate between these obstetric scenarios better than median analysis window values. Root-mean-square amplitude, spectral decile 3, and spectral moment ratio showed consistent tendencies for the different obstetric scenarios as well as non-linear parameters: Lempel–Ziv, sample entropy, spectral entropy, and SD1/SD2 when computed in the fast wave high bandwidth. These findings would make it possible to extract high quality and robust EHG features to improve computer-aided assessment tools for pregnancy, labor, and postpartum progress and identify maternal fetal risks.

Dream Chocolate Company: Choosing a Costing System

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kip R. Krumwiede ◽  
W. Darrell Walden
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Managerial Accounting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Accounting Courses ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Costing System

ABSTRACT: This case is about a small, but real, company, Dream Chocolate (D.C.), which makes custom-labeled, high-quality candy bars for special events and advertising purposes. Like many small companies, D.C. has an inadequate costing system and needs a much better one as it starts to get bigger orders. In Part A of this case, students learn how to analyze a company's situation, identify relevant information in a case that is presented in a less-structured format, evaluate the pros and cons of different costing approaches, recommend an approach, and suggest ways to implement it. In Part B, they develop and calculate costs based on their recommended approach. The case also helps increase students' understanding of the applicability of various costing methods typically covered in cost and managerial accounting courses.

scholarly journals Issues and Prospects of Investigative Journalist Activities in the context of anti-corruption in contemporary Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Dmytro Antoniuk
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Information Basis

In the article the author considers the problems faced by investigative journalists in the process of combating corruption in contemporary Ukraine. In particular, regarding the negative perception of their activities within society; lack of proper security of journalists in detecting corruption offenses by government officials; difficulties in finding and accessing information on corrupt transactions. The need to establish high-quality mutual support and cooperation between NGOs and investigative journalists to address the above issues, as well as to develop joint recommendations for overcoming corruption risks based on their own activities. The advantages of NGO cooperation with investigative journalists in the context of protecting the latter from persecution by the authorities are highlighted. The author sees the solution of the most of problems related to the professional activity of investigative journalists in a special network created for them, which would monitor the movement of corruption funds and ensure high-quality receipt and exchange of relevant information. It is proposed to create a similar network in Ukraine, which would cover all regions and could lay an information basis for establishing effective anti-corruption control at the national level.

scholarly journals When More is Less and Less is More: The Psychology of Managing Product Assortments

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Chernev
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Choice Overload ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
Psychology Of Choice

Abstract The strategy of giving customers what they want can backfire when it comes to designing and managing product assortments. Not only does offering more options lead to higher costs for the company, larger assortments often lead to lower probability of purchase and decreased satisfaction due to choice overload. Surprisingly, most consumers (as well as many managers) are unaware of the drawbacks of larger assortments, displaying preference for the greater variety of options even in cases when such variety makes consumers less confident in their decisions and lowers their satisfaction with choice. Understanding the psychology of choice gives managers a competitive advantage, allowing them to design assortments and product lines that create value for both the company and its customers

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