A case of linear epidermal naevus presenting as genital warts – a cautionary tale

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-269
Author(s):  
M Mahto ◽  
J Ashworth ◽  
D M Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Surgical Ablation ◽  
Genital Area ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
First Time ◽  
Epidermal Naevus Syndrome

Linear epidermal naevus (LEN) in the genital area is quite rare. It may present at birth or appear later on in life, in infancy or childhood and occasionally for the first time in adult life. There are several variants of epidermal naevi (EN), which, to the less experienced, can be mistaken for warts. When extensive, it can be associated with abnormalities in other organ systems (epidermal naevus syndrome). The definitive treatment of LEN is surgical ablation with excision of underlying dermis, but this frequently leads to scarring. Laser therapy is an alternative treatment modality and good results have been shown. We report an unusual case of LEN in the genital area in a 60-year-old man presenting as genital warts.

scholarly journals Unusual case of amyloidosis presenting as a jejunal mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e240226
Author(s):  
Sachin Mohan ◽  
Elliot Graziano ◽  
James Campbell ◽  
Irshad H Jafri
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Light Chain Disease ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Amyloid Light Chain ◽  
Possible Cause

Amyloidosis constitutes a heterogeneous group of disorders of protein misfolding that can involve different organ systems. The disease can occur either in a systemic or localised manner that is well known to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GI amyloidosis can present with a wide range of symptoms including diarrhoea, bleeding and obstruction. This case illustrates a patient with localised jejunal amyloid light chain disease that was diagnosed serendipitously during a workup for haematuria. Our patient was otherwise asymptomatic, but this case underscores the importance of considering amyloidosis as a possible cause of isolated masses of the small intestine.

scholarly journals P.039 mTOR inhibitors as a new therapeutic strategy in treatment resistant epilepsy in hemimegalencephaly: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. S23-S23
Author(s):  
Q Xu ◽  
H Sarnat ◽  
S Uliel-Sibony ◽  
C Boelman ◽  
M Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Focal Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
First Time

Background: Hemimegalencephaly (HME) is a hamartomatous malformation of one cerebral hemisphere, resulting in refractory epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autistic features. Hemispherectomy is the definitive treatment, but there is risk of high morbidity and mortality, especially when done in early infancy. Various preclinical studies have shown that dysregulation of the mTOR pathway has an integral role in the development of various epilepsy syndromes, including tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), focal cortical dysplasia and HME. Recently, mTOR inhibitors were proven to be effective in treating seizures in TSC. Methods: We present a case of a 6 day old female with refractory epilepsy despite the trial of 9 anti-seizure medications and the ketogenic diet. As the patient was awaiting epilepsy surgery, an mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin was initiated. Results: After 1 week of the initiation, she had over a 50% reduction in seizures. At two weeks, the parents felt that for the first time, she was making developmental gains. She also appeared brighter and more interactive. Due to her response to treatment, her hemispherectomy was deferred to when she is older, so there will be a decreased risk of complications from the surgery. Conclusions: This case exemplifies how mTOR inhibitors should be considered as a treatment option for patients with HME and refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Rare Case of Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Oropharynx

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 072-074
Author(s):  
Sajal Goel ◽  
Deepak K. Mittal ◽  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Nita Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Nonsurgical Management ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
First Time ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract Introduction Pleomorphic sarcoma is the commonest soft tissue sarcoma of adult life. Less than 10% cases of this disease occur as primary in head and neck region. Although a case of pleomorphic sarcoma of lower extremity with metastasis to base of tongue had been reported earlier, a pleomorphic sarcoma arising from oropharynx is being reported for the first time. Case Report A 75-year-old male chronic smoker was evaluated for complaints of dysphagia, change in voice, and multiple episodes of oral bleeding. He was found to have a locally advanced pleomorphic sarcoma of oropharynx. He was treated nonsurgically. He showed complete clinical and radiologic response. The disease-free survival is 12 months and overall survival is 74 months. Conclusion This report highlights the importance of nonsurgical management of a case that would have otherwise needed surgery.

Long-term health consequences of early-life exposure to substance abuse: an epigenetic perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Vaiserman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Maternal Substance Abuse ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

A growing body of evidence highlights the importance of the nutritional or other environmental stimuli during critical periods of development in the long-term programming of organ systems and homeostatic pathways of the organism. The adverse influences early in development and particularly during intrauterine life have been shown to programme the risks for adverse health outcomes in adult life. The mechanisms underlying developmental programming remain still unclear. However, increasing evidence has been accumulated indicating the important role of epigenetic regulation including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs in the developmental programming of late-onset pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and type 2 diabetes. The maternal substance abuse during pregnancy, including smoking, drinking and psychoactive drug intake, is one of the important factors determining the process of developmental programming in modern human beings. The impact of prenatal drug/substance exposure on infant and early childhood development is currently in the main focus. The long-term programming effects of such exposures on aging and associated pathologies, however, have been reported only rarely. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of recent research findings which indicate that maternal substance abuse during pregnancy and/or neonatal period can programme not only a child's health status, but also can cause long-term or even life-long health outcomes via mechanisms of epigenetic memory.

scholarly journals Placental Origins of Chronic Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1509-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Burton ◽  
Abigail L. Fowden ◽  
Kent L. Thornburg
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

Epidemiological evidence links an individual's susceptibility to chronic disease in adult life to events during their intrauterine phase of development. Biologically this should not be unexpected, for organ systems are at their most plastic when progenitor cells are proliferating and differentiating. Influences operating at this time can permanently affect their structure and functional capacity, and the activity of enzyme systems and endocrine axes. It is now appreciated that such effects lay the foundations for a diverse array of diseases that become manifest many years later, often in response to secondary environmental stressors. Fetal development is underpinned by the placenta, the organ that forms the interface between the fetus and its mother. All nutrients and oxygen reaching the fetus must pass through this organ. The placenta also has major endocrine functions, orchestrating maternal adaptations to pregnancy and mobilizing resources for fetal use. In addition, it acts as a selective barrier, creating a protective milieu by minimizing exposure of the fetus to maternal hormones, such as glucocorticoids, xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. The placenta shows a remarkable capacity to adapt to adverse environmental cues and lessen their impact on the fetus. However, if placental function is impaired, or its capacity to adapt is exceeded, then fetal development may be compromised. Here, we explore the complex relationships between the placental phenotype and developmental programming of chronic disease in the offspring. Ensuring optimal placentation offers a new approach to the prevention of disorders such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity, which are reaching epidemic proportions.

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and the Fetus

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Morsi ◽  
Donald DeFranco ◽  
Selma F. Witchel
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Lung Maturation ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturation

Glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisol in humans, influence multiple essential maturational events during gestation. In the human fetus, fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, fetal adrenal steroidogenesis, placental 11β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity, maternal cortisol concentrations, and environmental factors impact fetal cortisol exposure. The beneficial effects of synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs), such as dexamethasone and betamethasone, on fetal lung maturation have significantly shifted the management of preterm labor and threatened preterm birth. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to sGCs in utero at critical developmental stages can alter the function of organ systems and that these effects may have sequelae that extend into adult life. Maternal stress and environmental influences may also impact fetal GC exposure. This article explores the vulnerability of the fetal HPA axis to endogenous GCs and exogenous sGCs.

Schizophrenia Following Pre-natal Exposure to Influenza Epidemics Between 1939 and 1960

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak C. Sham ◽  
Eadbhard O'Callaghan ◽  
Noriyoshi Takei ◽  
Graham K. Murray ◽  
Edward H. Hare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Third ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between the dates of births of schizophrenic patients admitted to hospitals for the first time in England and Wales between 1970 and 1979, and the occurrence of influenza epidemics between 1939 and 1960. Our results indicate that exposure to influenza epidemics between the third and seventh month of gestation is associated with schizophrenia in adult life. The hypothesis that maternal viral infection is an important cause of schizophrenia can explain many aspects of the enigmatic epidemiology of the condition.

scholarly journals An unusual case of rapidly forming severe oral lesions involving bacterial infection in a dog

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Urška Ravnik Verbič ◽  
Tanja Plavec ◽  
Irena Zdovc ◽  
Polona Juntes ◽  
Ana Nemec
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oronasal Fistula ◽  
History Of ◽  
Streptococcus Canis ◽  
First Time ◽  
History Of Depression

Abstract The term oronasal fistula refers to an acquired communication between the oral and nasal cavities, and can result from several conditions. However, oronasal fistula formation has not yet been described to be associated with bacterial infections. We have described in this case report for the first time a rapidly forming oronasal fistula and severe lingual lesions in a dog, involving an infection with Streptococcus canis. The patient was a 9-year-old male intact Golden Retriever with a nonspecific history of depression, mild pyrexia, anorexia and retching lasting for two days. Within four days he developed an extensive oronasal fistula, several pseudomembranous erosions, ulcerations and necrotic areas of the tongue and bronchopneumonia. Histopathology of the tongue revealed severe multifocal necrotizing and suppurative subchronic inflammation. Streptococcus canis, Pasteurella multocida, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage and the oronasal fistula. Despite the treatment, the dog developed necrotizing fasciitis and the owners elected euthanasia.

scholarly journals From Visual Plasticity to the Bionic Eye

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Stephanie Buss
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Visual Prosthesis ◽  
Visual Plasticity ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Bionic Eye ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain

While visual plasticity is strongest in early infancy, new studies show that plasticity is maintained well into adult life.This possibility is compellingly demonstrated by one patient, SK, who gained vision for the first time in adult life andsignificantly improved his ability to see the world around him. The persistence of visual plasticity in adults is promisingnews for the developing field of visual prosthesis.In recent years, there has been an explosion of research on prosthetic devices for the brain. While memory-enhancingbrain chips are still science fiction, cochlear implants, which stimulate the inner ear with tiny electrodes, now allowpeople who were once deaf to hear with increasing accuracy. Although there is not yet any visual equivalent to thecochlear implant, in recent years vision researchers have started to experiment with similar prosthetic techniques totreat blindness.The goal of visual prosthesis is to allow functional restoration of vision and to improve quality of life for blindpatients. In order to achieve these goals, the prosthetic devices must tap into the brain’s plasticity. Plasticity is howthe brain adapts to new environmental stimuli. It enables all forms of learning, including memorizing facts, playingthe piano, and learning to see. Specifically, plasticity is how neural networks in the brain reorganize in response tonew experiences. Understanding plasticity furthers insight into the brain mechanisms active in visual prostheses, andmay help scientists develop new approaches for future devices.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Structure of Self-Attitude in Early, Middle and Later Adulthood (on the Example of the Ukrainian Sample)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-729
Author(s):  
Mychailo V. Kostytsky ◽  
◽  
Nataliia V. Kushakova-Kostytska ◽  
Olena D. Glavinska ◽  
Vilena O. Kit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Measuring Scale ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
First Time

The study intends to trace the dynamics of self-esteem and changes in the structure of self-attitude at different stages of adult life, as well as identify signs of experiencing age-related crises. Self-attitude is considered a multidimensional formation, with its individual components, have different subjective significance in different periods of life. A cross-section was carried out in 507 subjects aged 25-65 years was carried out. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Attitude Study Methodology by Pantileev were used. Normative data for RSES obtained on a sample of adult Ukrainians (N=488) are presented for the first time. The average interval was 22.70±5.43 (with a measuring scale of 0 to 30 points), but the reference point for low self-esteem is different for men and women. Comparison of average results in groups belonging to periods of early, middle, and later adulthood showed that the attitude towards oneself with age becomes more emotionally expressive, concerning both positive and negative components. The indicators of self-blame and inner closedness grow along with the growth of the positive self-attitude (self-confidence, self-management, self-acceptance). The heterogeneous age dynamics of components of self-attitude, pronounced peaks, and dips in different periods are shown. Based on the clustering of empirical data, we described seven types of self-attitude in adulthood: illusory, confident, accepting, crisis, externally oriented, persistently negative, and inexpressive. Markers of experiencing crisis life periods are the ambivalence of self-attitude – the simultaneous manifestation of positive and negative components, which is regarded as a sign of instability. The obtained results demonstrate that there are potential opportunities for personal growth among cases of low self-esteem.

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