scholarly journals Tourism in the post Covid-19 era: An opportunity for expansion of the tourism season; The case of Crete

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Alkiviadis Kyriakakis ◽  
Dimitrios Tzirakis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
The Ideal

Tourism worldwide has been affected by Covid-19 and many tourism destinations have been hit hard. The effects of the virus on the tourism sector will be long-lasting and economic losses inevitable. Nonetheless, there is a strong positive correlation between tourism and economic growth. As a result of this, the tourism season expansion can, under specific circumstances, lead to greater economic growth. Global crises can help countries that effectively deal with them, to evolve and effectively expand their seasonality, along with specific measures taken by the local governments to restore tourism and even more to expand it (Beirman, 2003).For Greece, and Crete in particular, that heavily depends on its tourism sector, the economic losses are expected to be devastating. However, based on the development of Covid-19, so far, Greece is presented with a unique opportunity to improve its comparative position and prolong the duration of its tourism season.Crete is the ideal holiday destination to take advantage of the current situation, in order to prolong its season. Crete is an island with a very diverse landscape and a mild climate, all year round. The region of Crete, over the course of the past decade, has put significant effort in promoting its own brand and has already succeeded in extending the islands tourism season by at least one more month, with season starting mid-March and ending early November (Enterprise Greece, 2018). Moreover, in low season, there have been attempts by local Tour Operators and there has been a small but steady flow of Tourists, even in the extremely low season, between November and February. Of course, all initiatives taken by the locals, are important but are not sufficient. Coordinated support is needed by the government and the prefecture of Crete to boost the island and create a viable extent tourism season.

PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN ADAPTASI PELAKU PARIWISATA DI DATARAN TINGGI DIENG

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferita Nelindya Afriana ◽  
Nur Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Plateau Central

The paper aimed to find out the adaptation strategies of tourism actors in Dieng Plateau, Central Java in dealing with the pandemic. The qualitative study through employing observation and in-depth interview as data collection techniques reveals that  COVID-19 pandemic has weakened the tourism sector in Wonosobo Regency to the lowest point in history. The pandemic’s impact has appeared on the economic and management aspects of both the government, tourism actors, and tourists. Tourism destinations in Wonosobo, especially in the Dieng Plateau, has been closed, resulting in a drastically decrease of visitor, similar to the other destinations facing the huge economic losses in tourism. Thus, the reopening of tourism destinations while conducting several adaptations to prevent the spreading of the virus is needed to save tourism industry both in national or local level. So that, tourism actors in Dieng area included tourism sector employees, guests, government have started to adapt the new behavior to run tourism sectors during the crises. These adaptation strategies are expected to revive tourism sector that can be measured from the increase of visitors arrival and the implementation of the new behavior in the industry. Keywords: Pandemic, Dieng, Tourism, Adaptation, Impact

The Golf Boom in South Korea: Serving Hegemonic Interests

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minseok An ◽  
George H. Sage
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Incentives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industrial Productivity ◽  
The Government

In the past decade, to help maintain political stability and promote economic growth, South Korea has committed substantial resources to commercialized sports, including golf. A major source of support for building golf courses has come from government leaders and economic and social incentives as well. In the past 4 years the government has given permission to build 135 new golf courses. The official government discourse about the new golf courses is that they are being built in the interest of “sport for all.” But the golf courses overwhelmingly require membership, which is extremely expensive. Despite the enormous power and resources of the dominant groups in Korea, there are elements of opposition. The golf boom has been severely criticized because it removes large amounts of land from agricultural and industrial productivity, contaminates farm land, and pollutes water. It also represents the worst aspects of the social imbalance of wealth.

China’s Science and Technology Progress through the Lens of Patenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Gary H. Jefferson ◽  
Renai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Patent Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Sector ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter assesses China’s science and technology (S&T) progress through the lens of the patenting literature in the context of China. In particular, after presenting an overview of China’s patent production over the past twenty-five years, it investigates the following questions: What accounts for China’s patent surge? What are the implications of the surge for patent quality? Does the nature of the patenting reveal China’s S&T direction and comparative advantage? How has the international sector affected China’s patent production? What has been the role of the government—the central, provincial, and local governments—in shaping patent production? And finally, how heterogeneous is China’s regional patent production; are patenting capabilities diffusing across China?

scholarly journals Enhancing rural livelihoods in Tanza-nia : A small-holder farmers’ perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Kinyondo ◽  
Joseph Magashi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Holder

Poverty reduction has been a difficult milestone for Tanzania to achieve despite recording remarkable economic growth over the past decade. This is because the attained growth is not inclusive, in that sectors contributing to this growth employ fewer people. Given the fact that agriculture continues to employ the majority of people in Tanzania, efforts to improve livelihoods should necessarily be geared towards transforming the sector. It is in this context that using a sample of 3,000 farmers from 13 regions of Tanzania; this Tanzania, this study set out to examine challenges facing farmers and their respective solutions following the sustainable livelihood framework. Findings show that improving farmers’ livelihoods would entail concerted efforts by the government to avail to farmers, quality and affordable seeds, fertilizer, agricultural infrastructures, subsidies, extension services, markets, information alert, affordable loans, and areas for pastures. This implies that the government needs to allocate enough funds to the agricultural sector if farmers’ needs are to be met. We note, however, that government’s allocation to the sector has alarmingly generally been exhibiting a declining trend for the past four years. It is against this background that we strongly recommend that the government rethinks its position and prioritize the agricultural sector in its budget.

scholarly journals Grand investment of tourism sector effort to make many villas and hotels for expanding work opportunities on budgeting

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Sunariani ◽  
A. A. Istri A. Maheswari ◽  
A. A. Gde Putra Pemayun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
The People ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Standpoint

This research discussed grand investment tourism sector efforts to increase the number of villas and hotels to expand employment opportunities in the   Sub-district of Ubud Bali." affect the economic growth of a region. The main problem is how is the tourism sector's grand investment effort to increase the number of villas and hotels to expand employment opportunities in the Sub-district of Ubud Bali? High levels of unemployment can increase the amount of crime and increase social unrest. If examined further, from an economic standpoint, if many foreign and local investments are realized then job opportunities are wide open for the people in the area and other regions so that people's income rises by itself. The government is trying to create vocational education that aims to produce a quality and superior workforce in all sectors. Investment activities are the use of a sum of money in the hope of obtaining benefits and can plan their financing and implementation as a unit of activity within a certain period of time. Expenditure on investment costs is done once and only produces benefits a few years later.

scholarly journals Cultural Environment as a Potential for Society Renewal

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Zenija Kruzmetra ◽  
Dina Bite ◽  
Ginta Kronberga
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
Need Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Inclusive Society

The renewal of society is a broad term in its original sense but in the context of the article, it is linked with issues of depopulation, territorial polarization, and shrinking processes in Latvia. One of the “hot points” for local governments has been finding ways to attract people and promote the development of rural territories for the past decades. Both theoretical and practical solutions for maintaining rural society and promoting the renewal of society are the development of the cultural environment. Cultural activities directly affect public participation, cooperation among the population, the development of creativity, and promotion of inclusive society, health and society renewal. As recent investigations show, cultural environment is broadly developing in rural territories of Latvia. The research of cultural environment as a potential for the renewal of society of Latvia is a novelty due to the beginning of the National Research Program for the period 2014–2017 funded by the Government of Latvia (EKOSOC LV projects 5.2.4., 5.2.8.). The aim of the article is to analyze cultural environment as a potential for renewal of society in rural territories of Latvia. The research object is planning and development documents of local governments, different agents of rural territories. The results of the study reveal development of cultural environment in rural regions in Latvia. However, these practices are fragile yet and need support. They can bring forth new social and economic structures and serve as promoters of the smart development of rural territories in Latvia. For this reason, local governments should create their strategies to appreciate and support cultural activities as their potential for renewal of rural society.

Vietnam: Marshalling State and Non-State Actors

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Cuong Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Phan
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Policy Information ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medical Policy ◽  
Economic Considerations

This chapter examines Vietnam’s campaign against Covid-19. When the coronavirus outbreak emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan, the government of Vietnam considered it a highly contagious disease and immediately implemented all necessary measures to protect people from the emerging pandemic, even if these strict measures resulted in massive economic losses. The chapter then introduces the regulatory framework which enabled the government and other non-state actors in Vietnam to fight the epidemic effectively. It also discusses how Vietnam contained the spread of the virus in practice from the perspectives of health and medical policy, information and technology, economic policy, and international cooperation. Ultimately, Vietnam’s unique response derives from four factors: (1) the policy that prioritized public health over economic considerations; (2) Vietnam’s having been well prepared for dealing with contagious diseases since the SARS outbreak in 2003 and the government immediately introducing strict measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19 when it emerged in China; (3) the legal framework specifying the roles of the central and local governments to avoid any bureaucratic delays in making decisions in an epidemic; and (4) the government flexibly combining coercive means with deliberate action, public education, effective governance, and effective coordination with the community and the private sector.

scholarly journals DETERMINAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR PARIWISATA KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Adhitya Wardhana ◽  
Bayu Kharisma ◽  
Citra Triaryanti
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Minimum Wages ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
West Java ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

The aims of this study will discuss the determinants of labor absorption, namely the number of tourists, the minimum wage, the number of hotel rooms and the tourism output (PDRB) in West Java. This research uses descriptive and quantitative analysis of the regencies / cities in West Java Province. The scope of this research is as many as 25 districts / cities in West Java with the 2013-2017 period in the form of panel data. The research model used is the Generalized Least Square model. The results of this study indicate that the number of tourists, the minimum wage and the number of hotel rooms have a significant effect on employment in the tourism sector. Local governments in West Java need to carry out promotional activities or market tourism objects in the Regency / City of West Java Province so that tourism demand increases which has an impact on increasing employment in the tourism sector. It is necessary to develop the tourism sector by creating new jobs so that they can absorb human resources around the tourist destination environment. In addition, the government needs to evaluate the district / city minimum wages in West Java in order to meet the standard of decent living needs. The development of minimum wages will affect labor productivity in the tourism and non-tourism sectors.

scholarly journals Public Spending and Poverty Reduction in Indonesia: The Effects of Economic Growth and Public Spending on Poverty Reduction in Indonesia 2009-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Hendrawan Toni Taruno
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Poverty is a complex and multidimensional issue. Over the past four decades, the number of poor in Indonesia has experienced a significant decline, from 40.10 percent in 1976 to 9.82 percent in March 2018. Nevertheless, the disparity of poverty rates between provinces is still quite high. The poverty rate in several provinces in Java Island, for example, is already at the single-digit level, while in Eastern Indonesia, is still more than double-digit level. As it is known, public spending and economic growth are two crucial instruments on poverty reduction programs. This study aims to investigate the role of economic growth and public spending, particularly education, health, and social protection on poverty reduction in Indonesia. By using panel data from 31 provinces during 2009-2018 period, this study used two regression models to analyze the effects of these two variables on poverty reduction, both in urban and rural areas. This study shows that public spending on health and education sectors has a slightly different effect on poverty reduction between urban and rural areas. Convincingly, spending allocation on health and education has had a significant effect to reduce poverty rate in rural areas, while the decline of poverty rates in urban is likely more influenced by spending on health. This study also shows that over the past ten years, economic growth and social protection spending did not have a significant effect on reducing poverty rates. Therefore, in order to reduce poverty more effectively, it would be better for the government to focus its poverty reduction programs on investment in health and education sectors.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KERJASAMA PEMERINTAHAN REGIONAL DIY DAN KYOTO: SEKARANG DAN MASA MENDATANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Habib Alfarisi
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Or Economics ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Diplomatic Relationship ◽  
Special Region

Paradiplomacy is a diplomatic relationship carried out by non-state actors. Paradiplomacy is one part of international relations in the modern era, and that international relations in the present era is not state-centric or centered only on the state, but also on non-state actors such as individuals or even local governments. The cooperation between Kyoto Prefecture and the government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta is one form of paradiplomacy, which is called the Sister City. Sister Province itself is a collaboration either engaged in politics or economics or both carried out between two regional governments that have the same problems and views and the cooperation carried out is aimed at solving problems that exist between the two cities. The cooperation between the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Kyoto is one of the Sister Province collaborations which is said to be quite productive and produces many things that benefit both parties. In this paper, the author will try to explain the cooperation carried out by the two parties in detail and explain the past and future that can be done by both parties involved in the cooperation. The author uses data from 2015-2020. The author assumes that the Sister City cooperation between DIY and Kyoto produces many productive things. The author uses a descriptive-analytic method. Keywords : Sister Province, Yogyakarta, Kyoto, Paradiplomacy, Transnational

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