scholarly journals The existence and characteristics of rats and shrews in endemic leptospirosis areas and types of ectoparasites: a case study of West Jakarta, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Dewi Susanna ◽  
Rusyda Ihwani Tantia Nova ◽  
Laura Rozek
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Xenopsylla Cheopis ◽  
And Control

Background: This study aimed to determine the presence and species of the rats and shrews that can potentially cause leptospirosis in West Jakarta, Indonesia, and the species of ectoparasites found in them. Methods: The research was a descriptive study employing a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all species of rats and shrews in the region and the sample collection technique used was purposive sampling. The traps were installed in the homes of respondents who had suffered from leptospirosis and their closest neighbors, with a total of 521 traps. Leptospirosis data based on secondary data was obtained from West Jakarta Health Office (2016-August 2019). The technique for catching rats involved using humane live traps, while the identification of the rats and ectoparasites was done in the laboratory. Results: It was found that more rats were caught in Cengkareng Timur sub-district, Cengkareng District, with a percentage of 14.8%, while the least in Duri Kepa, Kapuk, Kedaung Kali Angke and Kedoya Utara with a percentage of 3.7%. The rats were mostly found in East Cengkareng Sub-District, with the most common type being Rattus rattus (74.1 %) and the least Suncus murinus (11.1%); more male rats were caught (66.7%) than female (33.3%). The type of ectoparasite found in the rats was fleas. Xenopsylla cheopis was the most common type, at 83.3% and more fleas were male, at 66.7%. The most common rat species was Rattus rattus. The ectoparasite most commonly found in them was the female flea Xenopsylla cheopis. Conclusions:  Rattus rattus and Xenopsylla cheopis were found in an East Cengkareng sub-district. Surveys, monitoring, and control of rats and ectoparasites are essential for the preparedness and development of an early warning system of possible diseases that they can cause.

scholarly journals Substitution Program in Indonesia and Australia as Health Promotion Model at Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani ◽  
Doune Macdonald ◽  
Louise McCuaig ◽  
Tandiyo Rahayu ◽  
Irwan Budiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Education ◽  
School Health ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Health Promotion Model ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
And Control

Obesity has been increasing as much as twice on age 6-12 years. The increase is happening both in Indonesia and Australia. The objective of this research is to construct a program model in Australia that can be substituted to be a health promotion model at School in effort to suppress child obesity. Research was conducted in 2014 with qualitative approach. Instruments used are as follow 1) Secondary data filling form 2) In depth interview guidence instrument 3) FGD (Focus Group Discussion) and BST (Brain Storming Technique). The informations were obtained by purposive and snowball technique. Data analysis by Miles and Huberman model. Substitution model is based on consideration that applied model has potential to be developed and other models whether internal or external ones in Indonesia. The model will be substituted by considering school condition and situation. School Health Unit (SKU) is a potential platform to promote health by these activities 1) Formal health education as taken place curricullum 2) Informal health education in forms of (1) health education information (2) Self health behaviour monitoring and control (3) Health promotion by doing healthy life (4) distribution of health education booklet to teachers and parents.

scholarly journals Insertion of central vascular catheter: adherence to infection prevention bundle

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-779
Author(s):  
Eliana Ofelia Llapa-Rodríguez ◽  
Júlian Katrin Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Fernanda Carneiro Melo ◽  
Gilvan Gomes da Silva ◽  
Maria Cláudia Tavares de Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
And Control ◽  
Safe Care

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the compliance of the care process involving insertion of central vascular catheter (CVC) in hemodialysis. Method: Cross-sectional quantitative approach developed at the hemodialysis service of a reference hospital in Sergipe, Brazil. Sample consisting of 1,342 actions evaluated, corresponding to 122 forms for monitoring and control of CVC insertion. Data collection was held from July to December 2016. Results: The adherence rate to the use of the insertion form was 54.9%. The procedure evaluated achieved 93% overall compliance. Of the 11 specific actions observed, seven (64%) presented 100% compliance. The density of the overall incidence of primary bloodstream infections reduced from 10.6 to 3.1 infections per 1,000 patients/day. Conclusion: Although the observed actions reached specific desired conformities, the use of the checklist was lower than expected. Strategies for monitoring, coaching and educational and organizational actions can contribute to safe care.

scholarly journals The Role of the Ambon City’s Population and Civil Registration Office in Controlling Incoming Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Sururama ◽  
Tiara Nanuru
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control

The objectives of this study are to find out the role of the Ambon City’s Population and Civil Registration Office in Controlling Incoming Migration and to find out the obstacles faced by the Ambon City's Population and Civil Registration Office in Controlling Incoming Migration. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method. Data Collection was obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. Data were analyzed using data reduction, display data, and verification. Primary and secondary data were used as the sources for analysis. The informants in this study were the chief of the Population and Civil Registration Office Ambon City and the Population Monitoring and Control Division, as well as the migrants. Ambon City’s Government, through the Population and Civil Registration Office, has carried out its duties as regulated by the Mayor of Ambon Regulation No. 17/ 2009 article 14 paragraph 2, namely: Coordinating the monitoring of urbanization of population and supervising the registration of population mobility flows. The constraints faced by the Ambon City population and civil registration office, namely: Most of the population who migrated to Ambon City did not report themselves so the authorities had difficulty monitoring the flow of urbanization and monitoring population mobility; inspected and supervised residents, who have not lived in Ambon city for six months, have moved to other areas; there is no effort and awareness of people who have been examined and under supervision to change by reporting personal data to the government.

scholarly journals Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies via rapid diagnostic immunoassays in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jira Chansaenroj ◽  
Ritthideach Yorsaeng ◽  
Nawarat Posuwan ◽  
Jiratchaya Puenpa ◽  
Natthinee Sudhinaraset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seropositivity Rate ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Efficient monitoring and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) require access to diagnostic tests, and serological diagnostic testing is desirable. In the current study, antibodies were investigated in patients recently diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods Cross-sectional data were obtained from 245 patients in whom SARS-CoV-2 infection had been confirmed via real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction between March and October 2020. Serum samples were acquired between 2 and 60 days following the onset of COVID-19 symptoms or the first detection of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic patients. All specimens were tested simultaneously using an IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test (RDT), IgG nucleocapsid protein-based chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), IgG, and IgA spike protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Blood donor samples obtained in 2018 were used as negative controls. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the RDT IgG were compared with the IgG immunoassays as standards. The RDT IgG exhibited 97.5% sensitivity and 89.4% specificity compared with a CMIA IgG, 98.4% sensitivity, and 78.8% specificity compared with an ELISA IgG. IgM, IgG, and IgA seropositivity rates were low between 1 and 2 weeks after COVID-19 symptom onset or the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. IgM seropositivity rate began decreasing after 4 weeks, whereas IgG and IgA seropositivity rate remained at appreciable levels over the 8-week study period. No cross-reactivity with seasonal coronaviruses was detected. Conclusions IgG RDT alone or combined with molecular diagnostic tests may be useful for identifying recent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Agreement Between GT3X Accelerometer and ActivPAL Inclinometer for Estimating and Detecting Changes in Different Contexts of Sedentary Time Among Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 780-784
Author(s):  
Danilo R. Silva ◽  
Cláudia S. Minderico ◽  
Pedro B. Júdice ◽  
André O. Werneck ◽  
David Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
After School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
And Control

Background: This investigation aimed to analyze the agreement between the GT3X accelerometer and the ActivPAL inclinometer for estimating and detecting changes in sedentary behavior of different contexts among adolescents. Methods: Secondary data from an intervention using standing desks in the classroom conducted within 2 sixth-grade classes (intervention [n = 22] and control [n = 27]) were used. The intervention took place over 16 weeks, with activity assessments (ActivPAL and GT3X) being performed 7 days before and in the last week of the intervention. Baseline information from both groups was considered for cross-sectional analysis (209 valid days), while data from 20 participants (intervention group) were used for longitudinal analysis. Results: The authors observed that GT3X overestimated sedentary time at school (16.8%), after school (13.5%), and during weekends (7.3%) compared with ActivPAL (P < .05). Outside the school (after school [r = −.188] and on weekends [r = −.260]), there was a trend to higher overestimation among adolescents with less sedentary behavior. Longitudinally, the GT3X was unable to detect changes resulting from an intervention in school hours (ActivPAL = −34.7 min·9 h−1 vs GT3X = +6.7 min·9 h−1; P < .05). Conclusions: The authors conclude that GT3X (cut-point of <100 counts·min−1) overestimated sedentary time of free-living activities and did not detect changes resulting from a classroom standing desk intervention in adolescents.

scholarly journals KEBERHASILAN PENANGKAPAN TIKUS (TRAP SUCCESS) DAN INDEKS PINJAL DI DESA KAYUKEBEK KABUPATEN PASURUAN TAHUN 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khoirul Amalul Mutaqin ◽  
Ngadino . ◽  
Imam Thohari
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Xenopsylla Cheopis ◽  
Rattus Tanezumi ◽  
Early Occurrence ◽  
And Training

Plague suspect and high flea index is potential transmission of pes. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct rodent and flea observation as an attempt of awareness early occurrence of Extraordinary Events. The purpose of this study was to determine the trap success of flea index. This is a descriptive study by using survey method with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted in Surorowo hamlet, Kayukebek village, Tutur sub district, Pasuruan in February to June 2016. The result showed 29 rats were trapped. The rats found were 17 Rattus tanezumi, 11 Rattus Rattus exulans and one niviventer.The fleas trapped were 17 Xenopsylla cheopis and 3 Stivalius cognatus. 5.67% trap success was carried out in homes, 3.67% in gardens and 0.25% in jungles. Public fleasindex was 0.68; Special flea index of Xenopsylla cheopis was 0.58. From the results above, most of the rats trapped was from Rattus tanezumi type, most trapped fleas was from Xenopsylla cheopis type. Trap success inside and outside homes was categorized as low. Common fleas Index and specific flea index of Xenopsylla cheopis was below standard. There is a need for the provision of number on the trap, increasing the number of traps and training rats catchers. The community is expected to perform trapping independently by providing mousetrap on their own, saving crops in a closed place and providing a closed trash can. Further research on various types of bait can be carried out to know the type of bait rats like.  Keywords : trap success and flea index

scholarly journals Saluran Air Tertutup sebagai Faktor Penekan Populasi Tikus di Daerah Bekas Fokus Pes Cangkringan Sleman Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Sukismanto Sukismanto ◽  
Lupita Chairunnisa ◽  
Indah Werdiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Xenopsylla Cheopis ◽  
Cross Sectional Size ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
The Village

Sub-district Cangkringan of Sleman District is an focus area of Plague surveillance at the slopes of Merapi Mountains. Eruption montains was interested alert of rats to insert surrounding villages mountain. Surveillance such as monitoring of rats population was doing for early warning Plague and other disease such as Leptospirosis disease. Sub-district Cangkringan consist of five villages, Wukirsari village is one of former focus. The purpose of study was to determine home environment conditions contributed to trap success. Study design was observational with cross sectional, size of sample as 66 samples (home). Data analyzed with univariat and bivariate. The number of rats caught in the village of Wukirsari are 36 rats with 27.7% trap success with type of rats by Rattus rattus diardi with number of “Xenopsylla cheopis” are 5. Index flea was calculated of 0.13. based on bivariat analysis just closed water channel variabel was significantly correlated with trap success.

scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Morgana Maria Rampe Reis ◽  
Eliane de Fátima Almeida Lima ◽  
Rita Inês Casagrande ◽  
Mirian Fioresi ◽  
Franciele Marabotti Costa Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
And Control

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, realizado em um hospital universitário. Compôs-se a amostra por 200 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de um formulário específico, de dados secundários contidos nos prontuários. Utilizaram-se para a tabulação o programa Microsoft Office Excel, versão 2010 e analisaram-se os dados pelo programa estatístico Stata 14.0. Apresentaram-se os resultados em tabela. Resultados: avaliaram-se os prontuários de 200 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e, destes, a maior parte era do sexo masculino, composta por maiores de 60 anos e pardos, sendo a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, a dislipidemia e o Diabetes Mellitus as comorbidades mais prevalentes. Identificaram-se, como as principais complicações, as pulmonares e as arritmias cardíacas. Conclusão: possibilita-se, a partir do conhecimento acerca do perfil dos pacientes que realizaram cirurgia cardíaca, ampliar as ações educativas e de prevenção à saúde, subsidiando estratégias para a adesão ao tratamento e ao controle das complicações. Descritores: Tempo de Internação; Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares; Perfil de Saúde; Regulação e Fiscalização em Saúde; Cirurgia Toráxica; Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in a university hospital. The sample was composed of 200 patients submitted to cardiac surgery. The data was collected by means of a specific form, of secondary data contained in the medical records. The Microsoft Office Excel program, version 2010 was used for the tabulation and the data was analyzed by the Stata 14.0 statistical program. The results were presented in the table. Results: the medical records of 200 patients submitted to cardiac surgery were evaluated, and of these, the majority were male, composed of patients older than 60 years and pardos, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus being the most common comorbidities prevalent. The main complications were identified as pulmonary and cardiac arrhythmias. Conclusion: it is possible, based on the knowledge about the profile of the patients that underwent cardiac surgery, to expand educational and health prevention actions, subsidizing strategies for adherence to treatment and control of complications. Descriptors: Length of hospitalization; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; Health Profile; Health Regulation and Surveillance; Thoracic Surgery; Nursing.RESUMENObjetivo: describir el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo, realizado en un hospital universitario. Se compuso la muestra por 200 pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca. Se recolectaron los datos a través de un formulario específico, de datos secundarios contenidos en los prontuarios. Se utilizaron para la tabulación el programa Microsoft Office Excel, versión 2010 y se analizaron los datos por el programa estadístico Stata 14.0. Se presentaron los resultados en tabla. Resultados: se evaluaron los prontuarios de 200 pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca y, de éstos, la mayor parte era del sexo masculino, compuesta por mayores de 60 años y pardos, siendo la hipertensión arterial sistémica, la dislipidemia y la Diabetes Mellitus las comorbilidades más prevalente. Se identificaron, como las principales complicaciones, las pulmonares y las arritmias cardíacas. Conclusión: se permite, a partir del conocimiento acerca del perfil de los pacientes que realizaron cirugía cardiaca, ampliar las acciones educativas y de prevención a la salud, subsidiando estrategias para la adhesión al tratamiento y al control de las complicaciones. Descriptores: Tiempo de internación; Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardiovasculares; Perfil de Salud; Regulación y Fiscalización em salud; Cirugía Torácica; Enfermería.

scholarly journals Correlation of Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Equivalent (Ret-He) Levels and Iron Deficiency Anemia in CKD Patients Treating Regular Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Husni Gunawan Hasibuan ◽  
Syafrizal Nasution ◽  
Radar Radius Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Background: Anemia appears in the early stages of CKD and its prevalence increases as kidney function declines. Ret-HE can be used to diagnose iron-deficiency anemia. Indonesia does not yet have appropriate research data on RET-He levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis as a parameter to assess iron. Therefore, this study aims to examine the ability of RET-He as an alternative parameter to assess iron deficiency in hemodialysis patients. Method: This research is a correlation analytic study with a cross-sectional design, carried out in February-May 2021 at the Hemodialysis Installation of H. Adam Malik Hospital. Blood sample collection and examination are carried out at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory. Primary and secondary data were collected from interviews, questionnaires, or patient medical records. The data will be analyzed by Pearson correlation test using SPSS software. Results: A total of 41 samples consisted of 31 anemic patients and 10 anemic patients with normal RET-He levels. Demographic characteristics based on age group with an average of 47±13.28 years. The correlation of Ret-HE and TSAT levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis shows a significance value of 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a correlation between RET-HE and TSAT levels with a significance value of <0.05. According to the Pearson correlation number of 0.618 which is in the range of 0.61 to 0.80. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between Ret-HE levels and iron deficiency anemia in CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. Keywords: CKD, RET-HE, Hemodialysis.

A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study on Pharmacovigilance to Improve the Drug Safety in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1049
Author(s):  
Md. Akter Hossain ◽  
Md. Shah Amran
Keyword(s):  
Drug Safety ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
High Quality Medical Care ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
And Control

The monitoring of drug safety is a crucial element for the effective use of medicines to maintain high-quality medical care. The aim of this study was to analyze the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as well as improve drug safety through pharmacovigilance (PV) in Bangladesh. The research work was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire by taking interviews of targeted stakeholders including academicians, doctors, pharmacists, manufacturers of drugs and directorate general of drug administration (DGDA) personnel. The study was conducted on 496 participants at Dhaka Metropolitan Dhaka, Rajshahi and Khulna Divisions from July 2015 to June 2018. Outcomes showed that among the interviewed populations 23% were female and 77% were male. Among participants, 66.9% of the interviewee was postgraduate degree holders. 62.7% respondents were familiar with the word element PV and 37.3% were ignorant of it. The major problem of DGDA to spreading the knowledge of PV was less manpower (73.9%). Among the factors that must be stopped to avoid the ADRs were the unethical practice of the healthcare professionals (50%). The topmost prioritized component was an education for knowledge (71.4%). It was found that many of the facilities for adverse drug reaction monitoring (ADRM) were absent in Bangladesh. The manpower and strength of DGDA must be increased to perform adequate monitoring and control as per the need of the country. We recapitulate that more research and development programs on PV activities in the country to improve the quality healthcare services is needed.

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