scholarly journals Initiative prioritization for innovation in the Brazilian pharmaceutical industry: a proposal using multicriteria

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eduardo Picanço Cruz ◽  
Adelaide Maria De Souza Antunes ◽  
Suzana Borschiver
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Government

The structure of the pharmaceutical industry requires special attention on the part of developing countries, whose populations remain dependent both on the distribution of drugs and on a policy of significant reduction in established prices.  It is essential that governments, businesses and universities work together in order to plan future strategies for this sector. This article reflects on the Forum’s technological innovation initiatives, financed with more than R$200 million in resources from Sectoral Funds. Given this industry’s dependence on innovation, the present work presents a decision-making methodology for determining investment priorities to be applied by the working group of the above-mentioned Forum. It also aims to offer support mechanisms for a better distribution of financial resources by creating a hierarchy of the already functioning programs of the government agencies.

13 Enforcement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Thomas K
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
General Public ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Competition Law Enforcement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Judicial Expertise ◽  
Policy Failures

This chapter explores the myriad difficulties and obstacles for competition law enforcement in developing countries and suggests possible solutions to some of these difficulties. Competition culture is generally lacking in developing countries. In addition, developing country authorities often face a particularly challenging enforcement environment due to past policy failures by the government, especially in the context of privatization. Another major external impediment to effective competition law enforcement is the lack of political will on the part of the government to enforce the law. The chapter also looks at the lack of authority independence, financial resources, enforcement powers, availability of data, and judicial expertise. Institutional design can have a bearing on setting of enforcement priorities. Poor institutional design may take flexibility away from the authority and make it impossible for the authority to set enforcement priorities. Apart from enforcement, however, another very important part of an authority’s work is advocacy. It is through advocacy with the general public that the authority can hope to build a competition culture. Meanwhile, it is through advocacy with the government that the authority can ensure government policies do not create intractable competition problems that are beyond the capability of the authority to solve. The chapter then considers the benefits and limitations of a regional approach to competition law enforcement. Enforcement and procedure

scholarly journals A Decision-Making Model of Technological-Focused Government Agency Selection of Technological Start-Up Businesses

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1749
Author(s):  
Amnard Taweesangrungroj ◽  
Roongkiat Rattanabanchuen ◽  
Sukree Sinthupinyo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Fuzzy Mcdm ◽  
Decision Making Framework ◽  
The Government

In developing countries, the government has played an important role in supporting startup businesses in various aspects, primarily through tech-focused government agencies. With a limited budget, the government agencies are critical to select plenty of tech startups for funding, leaving only promising tech startups. Consequently, government agencies inevitably face decision-making problems under uncertain circumstances, like private equity investment situations. Reviewing the relevant decision-making frameworks has identified that a classical multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach is currently used, assuming decision-makers acquire complete information that is not realistic. Moreover, both qualitative and quantitative criteria used in evaluating startup businesses cannot represent the uncertainty which is the fundamental nature of the decision-making circumstance. Thus, this article presents a decision-making framework of tech-focused government agencies for selecting startup businesses based on a fuzzy MCDM of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Besides, it identifies selection criteria with mixed research methodologies and determines weights of importance criteria by the Delphi method. Finally, the proposed framework results are fairness, transparency, and eliminating bias in decision-making, including more efficiency when the framework’s ranking orders significantly correspond with actual performances. HIGHLIGHTS Criteria for selecting start-up businesses in technological-focused government agencies A decision-making framework of tech-focused government agencies for selecting startup businesses based on a fuzzy MCDM of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) The performance of the decision-making framework in selecting startup businesses to acquire high potential tech startups to drive the national economy GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Advocacy Coalition in The Arrangement of The Coastal Slum Area of Untia in Makassar

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Zaldi Rusnaedy ◽  
Almuhajir Haris
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
City Government ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Collaborative Activity ◽  
Advocacy Coalition ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government

The arrangement of the slum settlement area is still a problem faced by the Makassar City Government. There are 740.10 hectares of slum areas in Makassar City, one of which is the Untia coast. This study aimed to analyze the advocacy coalition in slum area management. The research method used was a qualitative method. The results showed that at the beginning of 2019, Untia had become a light slum area from the previous heavy slum. This happened because Untia received many programs from the government for a relatively long time. This activity was a collaborative activity of several government institutions and Kotaku government agencies that are members of the Working Group (Pokja). Therefore, Untia is still in the category of a slum area, not because of a lack of assistance from the government, but rather because the programs implemented are not integrated. So, the result was that the settlements that receive the program only come out of the slum indicator partially. In addition, the institutions involved in the Working Group (Pokja) often overlap programs due to a lack of face-to-face communications.

scholarly journals Competitive intelligence in the South African pharmaceutical industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fatti ◽  
A.S.A. Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
South African ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
The South ◽  
Continuous Basis ◽  
The Government

Currently the South African pharmaceutical industry is being affected by legislation, as the government is readjusting the whole healthcare system to make it cost-effective and equitable. The purpose of this article is to establish what the current situation is within the South African pharmaceutical’s industry’s competitive intelligence (CI) capacity. Questionnaires were administered electronically to senior managers in the pharmaceutical industry. The majority of the respondents were of the opinion that a culture of information sharing and an environment of collaboration on competitive issues exist in their companies. Respondents confirm that CI is used on a continuous basis in strategic decision-making and that company strategies are used to manage competitors. It is recommended that senior management of pharmaceutical companies capitalise and consolidate the CI function which is used on a continuous basis in strategic decision-making.

scholarly journals The Guarantee Fund of Investment as an Element of Protection Infrastructure of the Securities Market

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Securities Market ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Reimbursement Rate ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Foreign Experience

The article provides a theoretical justification of necessity to create an investment guarantee fund for the Ukrainian securities market. In the article the foreign experience of the functioning of similar funds, their principles and peculiarities of the organization were emphasized. In particular, the funds of Estonia and Lithuania were analyzed. The purpose of such Guarantee Funds is to provide protection for investors through an investment organization, in case of failure of the investment organization. In order to achieve these goals, the Funds accumulate invest funds of financial resources in government securities and securities of central banks, and in the course of an insurance event, they pay insurance premiums in due time. In the article, it is noted that the object of investors protection is not investment risk, it means, the probability of loss because the investment will not bring profit or loss of value. The models of Estonia and Lithuania show a universal institution that reflects the protection of the clients’ interests of credit institutions (or depositors), clients of investment organizations (or investors), owners of mandatory pension funds shares and insurers who have entered into pension contracts with insurers. Based on the study of model and features in other countries, the authors proposed prototype of structure of a similar institution in Ukraine – «Fund for the Guarantee of Individual Deposits and Investments». One of the main bases is anticipated that such an institution should have a higher reimbursement rate for participants, the functionality and consistency of work with funds of accumulated financial resources will be analogous to foreign models. The management of the Fund will be formed by delegating to it representatives of various government agencies and self-regulatory organizations that will ensure real transparency and objective decision-making of the Fund.

E-Governance and Corruption Impasse in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Idowu Aluko ◽  
Gabriel Temitope Aderinola
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Corrective Measure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

E-governance is a technological innovation that brings governance to the fore of integrity and accountability. It requires high technological commitment so as to bring the government closer to the people. Corruption on the other hand is a bane to growth and development in any country. E-governance is a corrective measure to corruption which prevents government officials from shady activities due to its transparency nature. The connection between e-governance and corruption is analyzed in this chapter, and Nigeria is selected as a case study in developing countries. The chapter concludes on the premise that e-governance reduces the strength of corruption in any country and more investment is needed to enhance this development.

On retroeconomy

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
International Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This paper analyzes the problem of technological backwardness of economy. In many mostly developing countries their economies use obsolete technologies. This can create the illusion that this or that business is prosperous. At the level of international competition, however, it is obvious that these types of firms do not have any chance for success. Retroeconomics as a theory of technological backwardness and its detrimental effect upon a country’s economy is considered in the paper. The role of the government is very important for overcoming the effects of retroeconomy. The phenomenon of retroeconomy is already quite deep-rooted throughout the world and it is essential to consolidate the attention of economists and politicians on this threat.

Book Reviews

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Zoltán Ádám ◽  
László Csaba ◽  
András Bakács ◽  
Zoltán Pogátsa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Monetary Union ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
European Studies ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
East European ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

István Csillag - Péter Mihályi: Kettős kötés: A stabilizáció és a reformok 18 hónapja [Double Bandage: The 18 Months of Stabilisation and Reforms] (Budapest: Globális Tudás Alapítvány, 2006, 144 pp.) Reviewed by Zoltán Ádám; Marco Buti - Daniele Franco: Fiscal Policy in Economic and Monetary Union. Theory, Evidence and Institutions (Cheltenham/UK - Northampton/MA/USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2005, 320 pp.) Reviewed by László Csaba; Piotr Jaworski - Tomasz Mickiewicz (eds): Polish EU Accession in Comparative Perspective: Macroeconomics, Finance and the Government (School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College of London, 2006, 171 pp.) Reviewed by András Bakács; Is FDI Based R&D Really Growing in Developing Countries? The World Investment Report 2005. Reviewed by Zoltán Pogátsa

E-Projects Challenges in India – Role of Human Resource Management and Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Ramnik Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Approaches

E-governance is a paradigm shift over the traditional approaches in Public Administration which means rendering of government services and information to the public by using electronic means. In the past decades, service quality and responsiveness of the government towards the citizens were least important but with the approach of E-Government the government activities are now well dealt. This paper withdraws experiences from various studies from different countries and projects facing similar challenges which need to be consigned for the successful implementation of e-governance projects. Developing countries like India face poverty and illiteracy as a major obstacle in any form of development which makes it difficult for its government to provide e-services to its people conveniently and fast. It also suggests few suggestions to cope up with the challenges faced while implementing e-projects in India.

Supporting Small and Medium Enterpries to Access Technological Innovation State Fund: International Experience and Lessons for Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Vu Thanh ◽  
Thu Anh Nguyen ◽  
Mai Thi Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
State Fund

Technological innovation state funds supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are not common in the developing countries like Vietnam, but are common in the developed nations like the European countries and Korea. The financial and non-financial support of these funds has contributed significantly to the development of many SMEs. Learning from the funds which have successfully facilitated SMEs in innovating and developing advanced technologies is meaningful to the Vietnamese sicence and techonology management bodies and state funds. This article will review the experience of some typical fund in supporting SMEs, thereby providing some lessons for technology innovation Funds of Vietnam to create a more favorable environment for SMEs to access funds.

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