Filtering of High Solids Concentration Media Using Complex Powerful to the Flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Vladimir Devisilov ◽  
E. Sharay ◽  
I. Myagkov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Flow Section ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Design Development ◽  
High Concentration

Currently, intensification of the filtering processes in media characterized by high concentration of solid particles remains of great interest in many sectors, such as oil production, oil refining, chemical, medical and food industries. One of the reasons that impede filtering could be the high viscosity level of the dispersion medium. It is known that the filtering rate is inversely proportional to viscosity; therefore, filtering of viscous liquids would be carried out much slower. In addition, filtering media characterized by high concentration of solid particles leads to higher costs for creating the process driving force, fast pores fouling in the filtering material and the need for frequent regeneration of the filtering material. Many media characterized by high viscosity, such as mineral oils, polymer solutions and melts, heavily polluted waters tend to reduce the flow section of the porous material channel; and, as a result, hydraulic characteristics are changing and regeneration of the filtering material is hampered. Therefore, replacement of the filtering material is required, which increases the costs. It is possible to intensify the filtering process by ensuring the suspension preliminarily preparing, for example, by increasing the medium temperature or decreasing the suspension viscosity, as well as adding a suitable solvent. In many technological processes such methods are unacceptable. Design, development and study of devices that allow increasing the filtering material service life and reducing energy consumption to create the required pressure gradient while maintaining the device compactness and ensuring the required fineness of filtration still remains a topical task. This paper is proposing to use filtering in combination with cleaning in centrifugal and vibration fields created in hydrodynamic filters. Centrifugal forces field in the hydrodynamic filter is formed due to liquid tangential introduction into the apparatus and rotation of the cylindrical porous filter partition. The method differs from other technologies by creating a potential flow in the apparatus annular zone within the centrifugal forces field. Such flow organization allows purging up to 80% of polluting substances from the media under cleaning by the centrifugal force mechanism; and such substances are removed from the filter without deposition on the filter partition. This would reduce the load on filter material and increase its service life. Vibration of the filtering partition provided for in its structure makes it possible to destroy the sediment layer thereon and to direct the sediment into the filtrate flow. Thus, the proposed hydrodynamic filter is provided with the self-regeneration ability.

scholarly journals Analysis of grease contamination influence on the internal radial clearance of ball bearings by thermographic inspection

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarko Miskovic ◽  
Radivoje Mitrovic ◽  
Zoran Stamenic
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Experimental Data Processing ◽  
Mathematical Correlation

One of the most important factors influencing ball bearings service life is its internal radial clearance. However, this parameter is also very complex because it depends on applied radial load and ball bearings dimensions, surface finish and manufacturing materials. Thermal condition of ball bearings also significantly affects internal radial clearance. Despite many researches performed in order to find out relevant facts about different aspects of ball bearings thermal behaviour, only few of them are dealing with the real working conditions, where high concentration of solid contaminant particles is present. That?s why the main goal of research presented in this paper was to establish statistically significant correlation between ball bearings temperatures, their working time and concentration of contaminant particles in their grease. Because of especially difficult working conditions, the typical conveyor idlers bearings were selected as representative test samples and appropriate solid particles from open pit coal mines were used as artificial contaminants. Applied experimental methodology included thermographic inspection, as well as usage of custom designed test rig for ball bearings service life testing. Finally, by obtained experimental data processing in advanced software, statistically significant mathematical correlation between mentioned bearings characteristics was determined and applied in commonly used internal radial clearance equation. That is the most important contribution of performed research - the new equation and methodology for ball bearings internal clearance determination which could be used for eventual improvement of existing bearings service life equations.

scholarly journals High-Tribological-Performance Polymer Nanocomposites: An Approach Based on the Superlubricity State of the Graphene Oxide Agglomerates

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2237
Author(s):  
Eder H. C. Ferreira ◽  
Angela Aparecida Vieira ◽  
Lúcia Vieira ◽  
Guilhermino J. M. Fechine
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Multilayer Graphene ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

Here, nanocomposites of high-molecular-weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and HMWPE-UHMWPE (80/20 wt.%) containing a low amount of multilayer graphene oxide (mGO) (≤0.1 wt.%) were produced via twin-screw extrusion to produce materials with a higher tribological performance than UHMWPE. Due to the high viscosity of both polymers, the nanocomposites presented a significant concentration of agglomerates. However, the mechanical (tensile) and tribological (volumetric loss) performances of the nanocomposites were superior to those of UHMWPE. The morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microtomography, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The explanation for these results is based on the superlubricity phenomenon of mGO agglomerates. It was also shown that the well-exfoliated mGO also contained in the nanocomposite was of fundamental importance as a mechanical reinforcement for the polymer. Even with a high concentration of agglomerates, the nanocomposites displayed tribological properties superior to UHMWPE’s (wear resistance up to 27% higher and friction coefficient up to 57% lower). Therefore, this manuscript brings a new exception to the rule, showing that agglomerates can act in a beneficial way to the mechanical properties of polymers, as long as the superlubricity phenomenon is present in the agglomerates contained in the polymer.

Film Elasticity and Film Stabilization in Firefighting Foam Stabilized by Solid Particles

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 346-349
Author(s):  
Xiu Juan Li ◽  
Rui Song Guo ◽  
Min Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Life Time ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Thin Liquid Films ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hydration Effect ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydration Layers ◽  
Hydration Forces

The structure of the thin liquid films determines the stability of foams and emulsions. In this work the bubbles stretched length with different hollow SiO2 particles concentration is measured when the foam has been stilled for different time. The results show that the bubbles stretched length is longer than that of bubbles when the foam is free of hollow SiO2 particles even when the foam has been stilled for 500mins. The bubbles stretched length increases with increasing the concentration of hollow SiO2 particles. A strong hydration effect leaves a large volume of hydration layers on the solid particles surfaces in aqueous solutions. The water in hydration layers can help the film keep a certain thickness. The existence of hydration forces leads that two particles cannot be too close each other. The high concentration surfactant limited in the fixed area helps the film keep good elasticity. Therefore the film has a long life time with compatible thickness and elasticity and the three-phrase foam is upper stable.

Screening of Different Encapsulated Polymer-Based Healing Agents for Chloride Exposed Self-Healing Concrete Using Chloride Migration Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip van den Heede ◽  
Bjorn van Belleghem ◽  
Maria Adelaide Araújo ◽  
João Feiteira ◽  
Nele de Belie
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polymer Precursor ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Steel Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Chloride Migration ◽  
The One

The service life of steel reinforced concrete in aggressive marine environments could be increased substantially by embedding a self-healing mechanism that ensures autonomous healing of cracks upon their occurrence. Previous proof-of-concept experiments have shown that the incorporation of encapsulated polymer-based healing agents (HAs) counts as a very appropriate way to achieve this goal. Over the years, several polymer-precursor-capsule systems have been developed in that perspective at our laboratory. Cementitious materials containing either commercial or in-house developed encapsulated HAs have been subjected to preliminary feasibility tests (water absorption, permeability tests, etc.). However, these experiments did not yet allow for a fast and straightforward assessment of the self-healing efficiency (SHE) in relation to the expected durability and service life performance of the material. This approach would have many advantages when having to select the most suitable polymer-precursor-capsule system for a particular concrete application. In this paper, a modified chloride migration test based on the one prescribed in NT Build 492 has been proposed to support the development of self-healing concrete for marine environments. Four polymer-based HAs have been screened that way, i.e. an in-house developed high-viscosity polyurethane (PU) precursor, a commercial low-viscosity PU precursor, the same commercial PU precursor with addition of accelerator and benzoyl peroxide (BPO), and an in-house developed 2-component acrylate-endcapped precursor + cross-linker. For now, a highly repeatable SHE value of 100% could only be obtained for the second option.

Corrosion of Amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 Alloys on the Synergistic Effect of Chloride and Hydroxyl Ions

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1550-1553
Author(s):  
Ming Sheng Li ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yi Ming Jiang ◽  
Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Soft Magnetic Properties ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Soft Magnetic

The soft-magnetic properties and service life of amorphous or nanocrystalline Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 have been influenced by the corrosion of the alloy. In this study, the electrochemical corrosions of amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 in the blend solutions of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide were investigated by linear polarization (PLZ) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The presence of OH- in the blend solution gave rise to typical passivation of the alloy. A suitable concentration of OH- was required for the low corrosion rate. And the higher concentration of OH- led to a faster corrosion. Increase of concentration of Cl- aroused more obvious corrosion. These results were ascribed to the deteriorating effect of Cl- and high-concentration OH- on the passive film formed on the surface of amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1.

Operational performance analysis of spiral capsule robot in multiphase fluid

Robotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-232
Author(s):  
Liang Liang ◽  
Bai Chen ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Axial Thrust ◽  
Mixed Fluid

SUMMARYMinimally invasive surgery is a developing direction of modern medicine. With the successful development of controllable capsule endoscopies, capsule robots are very popular in the field of gastrointestinal medicine. At present, the study of intestinal robots is aimed at the pipeline environment of a single-phase liquid flow. But there exist food residues (i.e. solid particles) or liquid foods in the actual intestine, so intestinal fluid should be liquid–solid or liquid–liquid two-phase mixed fluid. For inner spiral capsule robots with different internal diameters and outer spiral capsule robots, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the operational performance indicators (i.e. axial thrust force, circumferential resisting moment and maximum pressure to pipeline wall) of spiral capsule robots are numerically calculated in the liquid–solid or liquid–liquid two-phase mixed fluid. By the orthogonal experimental optimization method, the optimum design of spiral capsule robots is obtained in the liquid–solid mixed fluid. The experimental verification has been also carried out. The results show that in the liquid–solid two-phase fluid, the axial thrust force and circumferential resisting moment of the spiral capsule robots decrease with the increase of the size or concentration of solid particles. In the same liquid–solid or liquid–liquid mixed fluid, the operational performance indicators of outer spiral robots are much higher than those of inner spiral robots, and the operational performance indicators of inner spiral robots with bigger internal diameters are higher than those with smaller internal diameters. Adding solid particles of high concentration in the pipeline containing liquid will reduce the drive performance of spiral capsule robots, but adding another liquid of high viscosity will improve the drive performance of spiral capsule robots.

Stability analysis of a particle band on the fluid–fluid interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hooshanginejad ◽  
Benjamin C. Druecke ◽  
Sungyon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Critical Wavelength ◽  
Hele Shaw Cell

We present experiments and theory for viscous fingering of a suspension of non-colloidal particles undergoing radial flow in a Hele-Shaw cell. As the suspension displaces air, shear-induced migration causes particles to move faster than the average suspension velocity and to accumulate on the suspension–air interface. The resultant particle accumulation generates a pattern in which low-concentration, low-viscosity suspension displaces high-concentration, high-viscosity suspension and is unstable due to the classic Saffman–Taylor instability mechanism. While the destabilising mechanism is well-understood, what remains unknown is the stabilising mechanism that suppresses fine fingers characteristic of miscible fingering. In this work, we demonstrate how the stable suspension–air interface interacts with the unstable miscible interface to set the critical wavelength. We present a linear stability analysis for the time-dependent radial flow and show that the wavenumber predicted by the analysis is in good agreement with parametric experiments investigating the effect of suspension concentration and gap thickness of the Hele-Shaw cell.

Scaling Up of Osmotic Distillation from Laboratory to Pilot Plant for Concentration of Fruit Juices

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Bui ◽  
H. M. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Osmotic Distillation

A step-by-step procedure for scaling up of an osmotic distillation system from laboratory to pilot plant is discussed. The newly built pilot scale OD system featured a flexibility of using 1 or 2 hollow fibre modules at a time to suit the concentration demands. Three types of hollow fibres were tested on the new system. Pilot trials for OD concentration of apple, grape juices and freeze concentrated (FC) grape juice were successfully carried out to achieve a final concentration up to 65°Brix with fluxes ranging from 2.4 to 0.69kg.m-2.h-1 depending on the fibre types and the operating conditions. Cascade effect was also employed to deal with high viscosity to achieve high concentration. The obtained pilot OD fluxes were comparable to the ones obtained in the lab under similar conditions, and they fitted well with the developed models. Sensory evaluation indicated that OD well preserved the quality attributes of the fruit juices.

scholarly journals CREATION OF GRANULAR COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH MULTILAYER STRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Ya.G. Hotskiy ◽  
A.R. Stepaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Composite Granules ◽  
Mass Crystallization

Granular products are widely used in many industries for the production of catalysts in oil refining and organic synthesis, drugs, food products, fertilizer production, etc. The main advantages of granular products are ease of operation and storage. Depending on the morphological structure, the granules obtained as a result of the technological process are divided into one-component, single-layer, composite-coated granule, multilayer granule, frame granule, and combinations thereof. In this paper, we consider, as an example, the technological basis of granulation of aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate with impurities of humates, calcium carbonate and other substances with the formation of multilayer composite granules in a fluidized bed granulator. The processes of dehydration and mass crystallization during granulation, namely the influence of the drying rate and impurities on the kinetics of the evaporation process of the dispersed heterogeneous solution on solid particles have been studied. In the process of mass crystallization, when the saturation concentration is reached by removing the solvent, the processes of nucleation and crystal growth occur with the formation of a crystalline framework of ammonium sulfate crystals between, which impurities of organic matter and other components are evenly distributed in the volume of the formed micro layer. It was confirmed that the obtained granules of the composite granular fertilizer have a composite multilayer structure with a uniform distribution of suspended particles in the volume of the granule. Bibl. 14, Fig. 4.

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