WHAT IF SPIDERS MADE METAMATERIAL WEBS USING MATERIALS WITH MECHANICAL SIZE-EFFECTS?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC ROBERT BEHLING ERIC ROBERT BEHLING ◽  
ASHUTOSH SRIVASTAVA ◽  
RAPHAËL GLAESENER ◽  
SIDDHANT KUMAR ◽  
ANIRUDDH VASHISTH
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Spider Web ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Natural Composites ◽  
Griffith Theory ◽  
Energy Absorbers

Spider’s webs are elegant examples of natural composites that can absorb outof- plane impact energy to capture prey. Different spiders have different methods and structure of webs, and these variations in topologies have a significant effect on the prey catching abilities of the web. Taking inspiration from the spiders, metamaterials that have architectured topology can be fabricated according to end applications such as energy absorbers or impact tolerant materials. In this investigation, we theoretically examined impact loading on various orb-spider webs modeled with metamaterial architecture using materials that show size-dependent behavior. Using the size-dependent properties of nano-reinforced polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs), various metamaterial topologies were evaluated for out-of-plane impact due using ANSYS Ls-Dyna. The material properties capture the size dependency of the ceramics where smaller elements have higher strength due to reduced flaw intensity; the mechanical strength of these elements does not follow the conventional Griffith Theory. In this study, spider web geometries fabricated with PDCs with varying size elements were examined.

The role of rough surface in the size-dependent behavior upon nano-indentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 103836
Author(s):  
Ding Tang ◽  
Leilei Zhao ◽  
Huamiao Wang ◽  
Dayong Li ◽  
Yinghong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surface ◽  
Nano Indentation ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Dependent Behavior

Size- and temperature-dependent Young's modulus and size-dependent thermal expansion coefficient of thin films

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (31) ◽  
pp. 21508-21517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ye Zhou ◽  
Bao-Ling Huang ◽  
Tong-Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Size Dependent

Surfaces of nanomaterials play an essential role in size-dependent material properties.

Computational Investigation of through the Width Delamination of a Composite Laminate using Surface based Cohesive Contact Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
K. S. Vishwanath
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Computational Prediction ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Delamination Growth ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Contact Behaviour ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Growth Initiation ◽  
Polymer Laminates

The fiber reinforced polymer laminates have found extensive applications because of its advantages over other materials in terms of strength to weight ratio, manufacturing flexibility and so on. But in the transverse direction, strength is comparatively less so that a failure mechanism called delamination will occur in case of poor manufacturing or when tools are dropped. In this paper, Surface based Cohesive contact behavior is implemented at the interface between base and sub laminate to investigate for 60mm through the width buckling driven delamination growth. The computational prediction of delamination growth initiation is obtained by solving a HTA/6376C composite laminate specimen for geometric non linearity using SC8R continuum shell elements of Abaqus CAE and by plotting the inplane loads versus out of plane displacements.

Size dependent behavior of Fe3O4crystals during electrochemical (de)lithiation: an in situ X-ray diffraction, ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and theoretical investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (31) ◽  
pp. 20867-20880 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Bock ◽  
Christopher J. Pelliccione ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Janis Timoshenko ◽  
K. W. Knehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Crystal and atomic structural changes of Fe3O4upon electrochemical (de)lithiation were determined.

Strain monitoring on pre-stressed CFRP laminates through computer vision

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Santos ◽  
Jónatas Valença ◽  
Filipe Dourado ◽  
Eduardo Júlio
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Contactless Method ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
Strain Monitoring ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Periodic Inspections

<p>Strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) members with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) solutions is currently a widespread technique. The success in increasing the strength and/or in controlling the deformation of structural members using CFRPs has been recognized worldwide, and most relevant aspects have been thoroughly studied and published. For large-span beams and slabs, the method is much more effective if pre- stressed CFRP laminates are adopted. Therefore, onsite measurements of the applied strain state, as well as of its evolution with time due to pre-stress losses, are mandatory to ensure a correct operation and to monitor the time-dependent behavior. Presently, the former is assessed only indirectly, through load control when pre-stress is applied, and the latter simply is not conducted since there is no budget to comply with.</p><p>In this paper a first step of a vision-based method to measure the strain level in CFRP laminates during the strengthening operations, as well as during periodic inspections later on, is presented. The method uses computer vision and was applied and validated in computational simulations. The results achieved allowed to establish the limits of validation of the algorithms developed and implemented. The contactless method proposed will represent a major added value for the already widespread technique of reinforcement of RC members with pre-stressed CFRP laminates.</p>

Applied Element Method Simulation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Polypropylene Composite Retrofitted Masonry Walls

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1567-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleem M. Umair ◽  
Muneyoshi Numada ◽  
Kimiro Meguro
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Applied Element Method ◽  
Element Method

In current research work, an attempt is made to simulate the behavior of a newly proposed composite material using 3-D Applied Element Method (AEM). Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) being a strong material provides a significant increase in shear strength. Polypropylene band (PP-band) not only holds the masonry wall system into a single unit but also provides a fairly high deformation capacity at a very low cost of retrofitting. A composite of FRP and PP-band is proposed and applied on the surface of masonry wall. Verification of the proposed numerical model is achieved by conducting experiments on twelve masonry wallets. Out of twelve, six masonry wallets were tested in out of plane bending test and six were tested under in-plane forces in the form of diagonal compression test. Same wallet retrofitting scheme was selected for in-plane and out of plane experiments and all of them were analyzed using proposed 3-D AEM numerical simulation tool. Proposed numerical model has served satisfactory and has shown a fairly good agreement with experimental results which encourages the use of 3D-AEM to numerically simulate the behavior of non-retrofitted and retrofitted masonry wallets.

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