scholarly journals “Just Words? Just Speeches?” On the Economic Value of Charismatic Leadership

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Antonakis ◽  
Giovanna d’Adda ◽  
Roberto A. Weber ◽  
Christian Zehnder
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
Leadership Theories ◽  
Effective Leaders ◽  
Follower Performance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Effect

Leadership theories in sociology and psychology argue that effective leaders influence follower behavior not only through the design of incentives and institutions, but also through personal abilities to persuade and motivate. Although charismatic leadership has received considerable attention in the management literature, existing research has not yet established causal evidence for an effect of leader charisma on follower performance in incentivized and economically relevant situations. We report evidence from field and laboratory experiments that investigate whether a leader’s charisma—in the form of a stylistically different motivational speech—can induce individuals to undertake personally costly but socially beneficial actions. In the field experiment, we find that workers who are given a charismatic speech increase their output by about 17% relative to workers who listen to a standard speech. This effect is statistically significant and comparable in size to the positive effect of high-powered financial incentives. We then investigate the effect of charisma in a series of laboratory experiments in which subjects are exposed to motivational speeches before playing a repeated public goods game. Our results reveal that a higher number of charismatic elements in the speech can increase public good contributions by up to 19%. However, we also find that the effectiveness of charisma varies and appears to depend on the social context in which the speech is delivered. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Public managers’ perception of exploitative and explorative innovation: an empirical study in the context of Spanish municipalities

2020 ◽  
pp. 002085231989468
Author(s):  
Jose M. Barrutia ◽  
Carmen Echebarria
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Network Identification ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
Positive Effect

This article studies the contribution of exploitative and explorative innovation to the perceptions of economic and social value of local authorities in charge of sustainability-related innovation. The model proposed is tested capturing the perceptions of 656 local authorities. The research findings contribute evidence of complex linkages between innovation forms (i.e. exploitative and explorative) and facets of perceived value. Overall, the link between the perceptions of both forms of innovation and economic value fits March’s (1991) view. A positive effect of both exploitative and explorative innovation on economic value is found, coupled with a negative interaction effect. The influence of exploitative innovation is stronger than that of explorative innovation. However, this is only part of the story. We also consider the link between exploitative/explorative innovation and one additional facet of value: social value (in the form of network identification). The roles of both predictors are virtually opposite: identification is mostly explained by explorative innovation, rather than exploitative innovation. The social value dimension considered in this research adds an explanation as to why public organisations may focus on exploration or combine both exploitation and exploration. Points for practitioners • Public managers may focus on exploitative innovation (when economic value considerations are dominant) and on explorative innovation (when social value thinking prevails), or combine both activities. • Network promoters should not assume that public managers favour exploitative innovation over explorative innovation.

Professional identity neutralizes charismatic leadership tactics in a crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Rahul Ashok Kamble ◽  
Zubin Mulla
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Follower Performance ◽  
Time Urgency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose This paper aims to examine the main and the interaction effect of follower’s professional identity and leader’s use of charismatic leadership tactics (CLTs) on follower performance and work engagement during a crisis. Design/methodology/approach The authors performed a 2 × 2 between subjects experiment in which both professional identity and CLTs were manipulated for a group of 320 participants. Findings Professional identity has a main positive effect on followers’ performance and work engagement and works as a neutralizer (counter-effect) moderator in the relationship between CLTs and work engagement during a crisis. Research limitations/implications Participants in the experiments were final-year engineering students and the authors manipulated only two dimensions of crisis, i.e. time urgency and high priority. Practical implications Organizations can strive to select for and develop professional identity amongst their members to survive crisis like situations rather than rely only on charismatic leaders. Originality/value This is the first study to incorporate crisis for examining a neutralizer for CLTs.

scholarly journals The Role of Personal Values and Empathy in a Cooperative Game

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1834-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyu LV ◽  
Michael J. Proulx ◽  
Magda Osman
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Game ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Social Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tit For Tat

Are the personal values of others a relevant cue when thinking about cooperating, and do values matter more than empathizing with others? To address these questions, the present study presented participants (N = 120) with the details of personal values (social values [e.g., family, friends] or economic values [e.g., phone, bike]) held by fictitious players of a linear public goods game (PGG). In addition, half those tested were induced to empathize with the other players via presenting perspective-taking instructions (empathy induction), and the other half were not. For those that believed they were interacting with real players in a cooperative game (n=70) values did indeed matter. Participants acted more cooperatively in the Social Value condition as compared to the Economic Value condition when there was empathy induction. While empathy induction (perspective-taking instructions) made little difference to levels of cooperation, it did reduce the use of the tit-for-tat strategy in the game. These findings present some challenges to recent work promoting the role of empathy in pro-social behaviors

The Factors Influencing Tourist Visitations Number in Curug Silawe

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-561
Author(s):  
Novian Hangga Prakosa ◽  
Fafurida Fafurida
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Value Estimation ◽  
Positive Effect

The purposes of this research are to identify the influence of travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beautiness, and age on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe and to estimate the economic value of Curug Silawe through individual travel cost method. The population in this study are tourists that visited Curug Silawe with sample of 98 respondents taken by the quota accidental sampling technique. The data collection method used are literature study and questionnaire. The analysis tool used are OLS linear regression and economic value estimation. The results showed the variables that influence the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe are income, distance and age. Income and age has a positive effect. While distance has a negative effect. The economic value of Curug Silawe reached IDR 1,109,930,140.48 per year. This value is obtained from consumer surplus obtained per individual per year of IDR 308,656.88. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh biaya perjalanan, pendapatan, jarak, akses, fasilitas, keindahan alam, dan usia pada jumlah kunjungan individu ke Curug Silawe dan untuk memperkirakan nilai ekonomi Curug Silawe melalui metode biaya perjalanan individu . Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Curug Silawe dengan sampel 98 responden yang diambil dengan teknik quota accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan kuesioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear OLS dan estimasi nilai ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang mempengaruhi jumlah kunjungan individu ke Curug Silawe adalah pendapatan, jarak dan usia. Penghasilan dan usia memiliki efek positif. Sedangkan jarak memiliki efek negatif. Nilai ekonomi Curug Silawe mencapai Rp1.109.930.140,48 per tahun. Nilai ini diperoleh dari surplus konsumen yang diperoleh per individu per tahun sebesar Rp308.656,88.

scholarly journals The Social Balance Sheet as Part of the Annual Report in Financial Institutions. A Case Study: Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Martín Valmayor ◽  
Beatriz Duarte Monedero ◽  
Luis A. Gil-Alana
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Balance ◽  
Corporate Social

In this paper, we examine the concept of the social balance sheet (SBS) and its evolution in corporate social reports that large companies have to issue today in their yearly statements. The SBS allows companies to evaluate their compliance with corporate social responsibility during a specific period and quantify its level of accomplishment. From a methodological perspective, this research analyzed the information that should be contained in the SBS report comparing economic value added (EVA) with other social value added statements (SVA), analyzing also in detail the case of Spain’s Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA) bank as one of the pioneers in offering social reports. Along with this study, their metrics following EVA were recalculated and a more academic SVA statement was proposed for this specific case.

scholarly journals Social Media Influencer’s Reputation: Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Eun Ah Ryu ◽  
Eun Kyoung Han
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

Since the introduction of smartphones in 2009, social networking services (SNS), which have seen a surge in users, facilitated changes in the media environment along with social influence that has increased the economic value and political influence of SNS. In particular, as consumers’ media use and consumption behavior change around digital media, social media plays a very important role in consumers’ lives. From this perspective, influencers who influence not only consumers’ consumption behavior, but also decision-making and opinion formation based on social media are attracting attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop items to measure an influencer’s reputation as a new source of information in the SNS environment; no previous researchers have presented generalized measurement items for an influencer’s reputation. We intended to identify what dimensions and items in the existing literature could effectively measure a social media influencer’s reputation and to verify each item’s relevance as a measure of a social media influencer’s reputation. Based on in-depth interviews with 30 experts and empirical findings from 557 adults, this study identified dimensions that impact on a consumer’s perception of a social media influencer and developed a scale. The results showed that the social media Influencer’s Reputation scale comprises four distinctive dimensions: Communication skills, influence, authenticity, and expertise. Additionally, the reliability and validity of the scale were assessed, using exploratory and confirmatory analyses and construct validity. The findings confirmed that the social media influencer’s reputation scale measurement items, in this study, can be used as a consistent measurement tool for each dimension. It is also important to develop value in favor of the marketing strategy by increasing value through the influencer’s reputation.

scholarly journals The implication of the air quality pattern in South Korea after the COVID-19 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ja-Ho Koo ◽  
Jhoon Kim ◽  
Yun Gon Lee ◽  
Sang Seo Park ◽  
Seoyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Air Quality ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractBy using multiple satellite measurements, the changes of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over South Korea were investigated from January to March 2020 to evaluate the COVID-19 effect on the regional air quality. The NO2 decrease in South Korea was found but not significant, which indicates the effects of spontaneous social distancing under the maintenance of ordinary life. The AODs in 2020 were normally high in January, but they became lower starting from February. Since the atmosphere over Eastern Asia was unusually stagnant in January and February 2020, the AOD decrease in February 2020 clearly reveals the positive effect of the COVID-19. Considering the insignificant NO2 decrease in South Korea and the relatively long lifetime of aerosols, the AOD decrease in South Korea may be more attributed to the improvement of the air quality in neighboring countries. In March, regional atmosphere became well mixed and ventilated over South Korea, contributing to large enhancement of air quality. While the social activity was reduced after the COVID-19 outbreak, the regional meteorology should be also examined significantly to avoid the biased evaluation of the social impact on the change of the regional air quality.

scholarly journals Inhibition or Facilitation? Contrasted Inter-Specific Interactions in Sphagnum under Laboratory and Field Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Zhao-Jun Bu ◽  
Azim Mallik ◽  
Yong-Da Chen ◽  
Xue-Feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Interaction Type ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Positive Effect

In a natural environment, plants usually interact with their neighbors predominantly through resource competition, allelopathy, and facilitation. The occurrence of the positive effect of allelopathy between peat mosses (Sphagnum L.) is rare, but it has been observed in a field experiment. It is unclear whether the stability of the water table level in peat induces positive vs. negative effects of allelopathy and how that is related to phenolic allelochemical production in Sphagnum. Based on field experiment data, we established a laboratory experiment with three neighborhood treatments to measure inter-specific interactions between Sphagnum angustifolium (Russ.) C. Jens and Sphagnum magellanicum Brid. We found that the two species were strongly suppressed by the allelopathic effects of each other. S. magellanicum allelopathically facilitated S. angustifolium in the field but inhibited it in the laboratory, and relative allelopathy intensity appeared to be positively related to the content of released phenolics. We conclude that the interaction type and intensity between plants are dependent on environmental conditions. The concentration of phenolics alone may not explain the type and relative intensity of allelopathy. Carefully designed combined field and laboratory experiments are necessary to reveal the mechanism of species interactions in natural communities.

Dropouts from Higher Education: Path Analysis of a National Sample

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hazard Munro
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
National Sample ◽  
College Completion ◽  
School Class ◽  
College Dropout ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
High School Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Effect

Path analysis was used to test the Tinto model of college dropout using a sample drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. Through path analysis, a more parsimonious causal model was derived. Pre-college characteristics predicted college integration, but did not directly affect the dropout decisions. Factors related to the integration of the student into the college's academic setting appeared to be far more important to subsequent dropout decisions than were factors related to integration into the social setting. The commitment of the student to the goal of college completion had the strongest positive effect on the decision to remain in school.

Geluidhinder: decibels of onrechtvaardige procedures?

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveline Maris ◽  
Pieter Jan Stallen ◽  
Herman Steensma ◽  
Riël Vermunt
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Justice Theory ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Aviation Noise ◽  
Noise Annoyance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Sound Management

Noise Annoyance: Decibels or Unfair Procedures? The contribution of social (in)justice theory to the explanation of noise annoyance Noise Annoyance: Decibels or Unfair Procedures? The contribution of social (in)justice theory to the explanation of noise annoyance E. Maris, P.J.M. Stallen, H. Steensma & R. Vermunt, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 20, November 2007, nr. 4, pp. 445-460 Noise annoyance is determined by acoustical (e.g., loudness, pitch) and nonacoustical variables (e.g., sensitivity, attitudes towards the source). What is the role of social nonacoustical variables (e.g., the sound management)? Three laboratory experiments (N1 = 90, N2 = 117, N3 = 76 subjects) investigating the effects of fair (i.e., 'voice'), neutral, and 'unfair' (i.e., inconsistent procedure) sound management procedures on annoyance with fifteen minutes of 50 or 70 dB A(Leq.) aircraft sound, are evaluated. Results from each experiment show that systematic differences in procedural fairness yield systematic differences in annoyance. The combined results suggest that: 1) a psychological model of noise annoyance needs to consider the social aspects of noise exposure, 2) the operation of social nonacoustical determinants depends on the perceived harmfulness of the exposure situation, arising either from the situation's acoustics or from its social implications, and 3) aviation noise policies should pay due attention to the fairness of their procedures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document